See -t'ak in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-ma"
},
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "causative"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally a variant of *-tadak when attached to vowel stems and landing on an odd syllable, while *-tadak would have been on even syllables or when attached to consonant stems; this is a regular process (see Proto-Finnic language § Consonant gradation on Wikipedia).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-da- / *-dä-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-dän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-cima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däbat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-däktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-däma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-dämat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-däminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-da- / *-dä-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-da- / *-dä-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-da",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vta",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs from nominal stems, generally with a causative, factitive or instrumental meaning."
],
"id": "en--t'ak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-LluN7JFB",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "translative, -da-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A later development from etymology 1 by analogy with causative derivatives using *-ttadak, thus analogously making the shorter suffix anticausative.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-da- / *-dä-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-dän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-cima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däbat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-däktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-däma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-dämat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-däminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-da- / *-dä-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-da- / *-dä-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-da",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vta",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "halgët'ak"
},
{
"word": "higot'ak"
},
{
"word": "katkët'ak"
},
{
"alt": "← *katodak",
"word": "kadot'ak"
},
{
"word": "pudot'ak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs from stems, generally with a translative or reflexive meaning."
],
"id": "en--t'ak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-L2aW-q6f",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-nema"
},
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"consonant stem reformed by analogy"
],
"word": "-neda"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-(e)ta"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-(e)ta"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-(e)ta"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-(e)ta"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livonian",
"lang_code": "liv",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "-mtõ"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "-eta"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-daq"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-nõdaq"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-(õ)tõ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "translative, -ne-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-me-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-me-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-me-.\nThe change *m > *n is likely by analogy with the passive and participle stems, as well as the causative *-ntadak, where the added *-t- incurred a regular *mt > *nt. This change was then generalized to other forms.\nThe consonant stem, i.e. the stem when followed by a *t (such as in the passive and infinitive forms) or *k (in the imperative forms), has been reformed to *-d- (*-t'-, *-tk-), due to confusion with verbs using the suffix *-nte- (*-t'ak (reflexive) added to -n- stems). The first infinitive form would have, with this ending, become *-nt(e)-dak > *-nt'ak > *-t'ak (with simplification of the then phonotactically impossible cluster *nt': compare *kattadak < *kanci).\nLike *-ldak and the comparative ending *-mpi (which see for more), this verb consistently induces a stem vowel change *-A- > *-e-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-në- / *-ne-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-net",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nepi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-nima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nebat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-neksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-net'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nektak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-net'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-netticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-net'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-netticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-nepa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-nema",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-nemat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-neminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-në- / *-ne-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-në- / *-ne-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ne",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 34 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vne-Vt",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ntadak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs from stems, generally with a translative or reflexive meaning."
],
"id": "en--t'ak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-L2aW-q6f1",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ida"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-issa"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-ssõ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "reflexive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*-te-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *-te-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*-tëtēk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-tëtēk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "geassádit"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami geassádit",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Permic *-te-. Cognate with Proto-Samic *-tëtēk (in e.g. Northern Sami geassádit).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-dë- / *-de-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-den",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-det",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-depi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-cima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-debat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-deksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-det'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dektak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-det'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-detticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-det'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-detticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-depa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dema",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-demat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-deminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-dë- / *-de-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-dë- / *-de-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-de",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 78 6 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 73 5 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 6 57 8 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vte",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms reflexive verbs."
],
"id": "en--t'ak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-9rTnW-ja",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-nnella"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-nnella"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-skennella"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-gata"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "frequentative"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-nte-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-nte-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-nte-, possibly a variant of *-nta-, whence *-ntadak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntë- / *-nte-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntepi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekadëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekodëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntebat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndeksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndektak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndetticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndetticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntepa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntema",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-ntë- / *-nte-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-ntë- / *-nte-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-nte",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic verbs by type/nte",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms frequentative verbs."
],
"id": "en--t'ak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-k7YQWyfM",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "abessive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "abessive ending",
"word": "*-tta"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of *-tta (abessive ending)"
],
"id": "en--t'ak-urj-fin-pro-suffix-lW29REAK",
"links": [
[
"*-tta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-tta#Proto-Finnic:_abessive"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vta"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-ma"
},
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "causative"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally a variant of *-tadak when attached to vowel stems and landing on an odd syllable, while *-tadak would have been on even syllables or when attached to consonant stems; this is a regular process (see Proto-Finnic language § Consonant gradation on Wikipedia).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-da- / *-dä-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-dän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-cima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däbat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-däktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-däma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-dämat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-däminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-da- / *-dä-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-da- / *-dä-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-da",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs from nominal stems, generally with a causative, factitive or instrumental meaning."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vta"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "halgët'ak"
},
{
"word": "higot'ak"
},
{
"word": "katkët'ak"
},
{
"alt": "← *katodak",
"word": "kadot'ak"
},
{
"word": "pudot'ak"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "translative, -da-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A later development from etymology 1 by analogy with causative derivatives using *-ttadak, thus analogously making the shorter suffix anticausative.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-da- / *-dä-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-dän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-cima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däbat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-däktak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-däkcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dät'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dätticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-däpa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dättu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-däma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-dämat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-däminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-da- / *-dä-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-da- / *-dä-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-da",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs from stems, generally with a translative or reflexive meaning."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic verb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vne-Vt"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ntadak"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"word": "-nema"
},
{
"lang": "Estonian",
"lang_code": "et",
"raw_tags": [
"consonant stem reformed by analogy"
],
"word": "-neda"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-(e)ta"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-(e)ta"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-(e)ta"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "-(e)ta"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livonian",
"lang_code": "liv",
"raw_tags": [
"inherited",
"uncertain"
],
"word": "-mtõ"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "-eta"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-daq"
},
{
"lang": "Võro",
"lang_code": "vro",
"word": "-nõdaq"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-(õ)tõ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "translative, -ne-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-me-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-me-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-me-.\nThe change *m > *n is likely by analogy with the passive and participle stems, as well as the causative *-ntadak, where the added *-t- incurred a regular *mt > *nt. This change was then generalized to other forms.\nThe consonant stem, i.e. the stem when followed by a *t (such as in the passive and infinitive forms) or *k (in the imperative forms), has been reformed to *-d- (*-t'-, *-tk-), due to confusion with verbs using the suffix *-nte- (*-t'ak (reflexive) added to -n- stems). The first infinitive form would have, with this ending, become *-nt(e)-dak > *-nt'ak > *-t'ak (with simplification of the then phonotactically impossible cluster *nt': compare *kattadak < *kanci).\nLike *-ldak and the comparative ending *-mpi (which see for more), this verb consistently induces a stem vowel change *-A- > *-e-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-në- / *-ne-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-net",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nepi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-nima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nebat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-neksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-net'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nektak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-net'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-netticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nekcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-net'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-netticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-nepa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-nettu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-nema",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-nemat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-neminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-në- / *-ne-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-në- / *-ne-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-ne",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms verbs from stems, generally with a translative or reflexive meaning."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
"Proto-Finnic verb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verbs by type/Vte"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ida"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ita"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"word": "-issa"
},
{
"lang": "Votic",
"lang_code": "vot",
"word": "-ssõ"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "reflexive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-fpr-pro",
"3": "*-te-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *-te-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*-tëtēk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *-tëtēk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "geassádit"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami geassádit",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Permic *-te-. Cognate with Proto-Samic *-tëtēk (in e.g. Northern Sami geassádit).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-dë- / *-de-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-den",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-det",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-depi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-cima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkatëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkata",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-debat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-deksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-det'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-tkok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-dektak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-cici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-det'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-detticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dekcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-cicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-det'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-detticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-depa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dettu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-dema",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-demat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-deminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-dë- / *-de-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-dë- / *-de-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-de",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms reflexive verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic verb-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic verbs by type/nte"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-nnella"
},
{
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-nnella"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-skennella"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "-gata"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "frequentative"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*-nte-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *-nte-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *-nte-, possibly a variant of *-nta-, whence *-ntadak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntë- / *-nte-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-nden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntepi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekadëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekodëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"optative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntebat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-c",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntekohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndeksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet'aksën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagasën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttakohën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntegok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndektak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"imperative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettagok",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"optative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"potential",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicit",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"potential",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicima",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekci",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncici",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-nni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"potential",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet'akcisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndetticisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettanësën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndekcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ncicik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndet'akcik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-tticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndetticik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-ii",
"connegative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"connegative",
"passive",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "-t'ak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-i"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntepa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttapa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettaba",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttë-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"infinitive",
"infinitive-ii"
]
},
{
"form": "-nnut",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ttu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ndettu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntema",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"gerund",
"supine"
]
},
{
"form": "-ntemat'oin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"negative",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "-nteminën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"conditional-i",
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*-ntë- / *-nte-",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk (stem *-ntë- / *-nte-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-nte",
"v": "a"
},
"name": "urj-fin-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Forms frequentative verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "-ta"
}
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "abessive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"head": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk"
},
"expansion": "*-t'ak / *-t'äk",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-t'ak",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "abessive ending",
"word": "*-tta"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of *-tta (abessive ending)"
],
"links": [
[
"*-tta",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-tta#Proto-Finnic:_abessive"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-t'ak"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -t'ak meaning in Proto-Finnic (52.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (d146717 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.