"cerēt" meaning in Latvian

See cerēt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [tsɛɾɛ̂ːt] Audio: lv-riga-cerēt.ogg
Etymology: Originally the iterative (durative) form of *cert, from Proto-Baltic *kerti, from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to cut; to strike”) (whence also cirst “to cut, to chop; to strike, to beat”, q.v.). The semantic evolution went from “to make fire, to burn, to heat” (probably via “to strike (wood, metal, to make) fire;” see ceri “heated stones for sauna, bath,” and also the cognate verb kurt “to make fire”) → “to feel, worry, think fierily, intensely” (probably also influenced by ķert “to catch, to grasp”, another reflex of *ker-) → “to love” (a meaning still attested for cerēt in folklore), and also “to turn one's (full) attention to something” → “to hope (for something).” Note that derived verbs often conserve the older meaning of “turning one's attention (to)”, “thinking:” atcerēties (“to remember”), apcerēt (“to consider, to contemplate”), iecerēt (“to plan, to intend”), sacerēt (“to write, to compose”). Etymology templates: {{m|lv|*cert}} *cert, {{uder|lv|bat-pro|*kerti}} Proto-Baltic *kerti, {{uder|lv|ine-pro|*ker-||to cut; to strike}} Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to cut; to strike”), {{m|lv|cirst}} cirst, {{m|lv|ceri}} ceri, {{m|lv|kurt}} kurt, {{m|lv|ķert}} ķert, {{m|lv|*ker-}} *ker-, {{m|lv|cerēt}} cerēt, {{m|lv|atcerēties||to remember}} atcerēties (“to remember”), {{m|lv|apcerēt||to consider, to contemplate}} apcerēt (“to consider, to contemplate”), {{m|lv|iecerēt||to plan, to intend}} iecerēt (“to plan, to intend”), {{m|lv|sacerēt||to write, to compose}} sacerēt (“to write, to compose”) Head templates: {{head|lv|verb|transitive or intransitive||3rd conjugation||||||present|ceru, ceri, cer|past|cerēju|head=cerēt}} cerēt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present ceru, ceri, cer, past cerēju), {{lv-verb|tr-intr|3rd|cer|ē}} cerēt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present ceru, ceri, cer, past cerēju) Inflection templates: {{lv-conj|cer|ē|3rd}}, {{lv-conj-3|cer|ē|||inf=|irr1=|pass=|pol=|prespart=|refl=|stem1=cer|width=100%}}, {{lv-conj-table|ceru|ceri|cer|ceram|cerat|cerēju|cerēji|cerēja|cerējām|cerējāt|cerēšu|cerēsi|cerēs|cerēsim|cerēsiet, cerēsit|ceri|ceriet|cerot|cerēšot|cerētu|jācer|jācerot|cerošs|cerēdams|cerot|ceram|cerējis|cerams|cerēts|cerēšana|inf=|pass=|pol=|prespart=|refl=|width=100%}} Forms: conjugation [third-person], ceru [present], ceri [present], cer [present], cerēju [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], ceru [first-person, indicative, present, singular], cerēju [first-person, indicative, past, singular], cerēšu [first-person, future, indicative, singular], - [first-person, imperative, singular], ceri [indicative, present, second-person, singular], cerēji [indicative, past, second-person, singular], cerēsi [future, indicative, second-person, singular], ceri [imperative, second-person, singular], cer [indicative, present, singular, third-person], cerēja [indicative, past, singular, third-person], cerēs [future, indicative, singular, third-person], lai cer [imperative, singular, third-person], ceram [first-person, indicative, plural, present], cerējām [first-person, indicative, past, plural], cerēsim [first-person, future, indicative, plural], cerēsim [first-person, imperative, plural], cerat [indicative, plural, present, second-person], cerējāt [indicative, past, plural, second-person], cerēsiet [future, indicative, plural, second-person], cerēsit [future, indicative, plural, second-person], ceriet [imperative, plural, second-person], cer [indicative, plural, present, third-person], cerēja [indicative, past, plural, third-person], cerēs [future, indicative, plural, third-person], lai cer [imperative, plural, third-person], cerot [present, renarrative], cerošs [active, adjectival, participle, participle-1, present], esot cerējis [past, renarrative], cerēdams [active, adverbial, participle, participle-2, present], cerēšot [future, renarrative], cerot [active, adverbial, participle, participle-3, present], lai cerot [imperative], ceram [active, participle, participle-4, present], cerējis [active, participle, past], cerētu [conditional, present], cerams [participle, passive, present], būtu cerējis [conditional, past], cerēts [participle, passive, past], jācer [debitive, indicative], būt jācer [debitive, indicative], cerēt [infinitive], esot jācer [conjunctive, conjunctive-1, debitive], necerēt [infinitive, negative], jācerot [conjunctive, conjunctive-2, debitive], cerēšana [noun-from-verb]
  1. to hope (to expect and wish for something to happen) Tags: intransitive, transitive
    Sense id: en-cerēt-lv-verb-t7iKpyE8 Categories (other): Latvian words with broken intonation Disambiguation of Latvian words with broken intonation: 59 41
  2. to rely (on someone), to expect (e.g., help, from someone) Tags: intransitive, transitive
    Sense id: en-cerēt-lv-verb--8UjgnXr Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt, Latvian undefined derivations Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 30 70 Disambiguation of Latvian etymologies from LEV: 18 82 Disambiguation of Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt: 43 57 Disambiguation of Latvian undefined derivations: 37 63
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: atcerēties, apcerēt, cerēties, iecerēt, sacerēt, uzcerēt Related terms: cerības

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for cerēt meaning in Latvian (11.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "atcerēties"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "apcerēt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "cerēties"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "iecerēt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sacerēt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "uzcerēt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*cert"
      },
      "expansion": "*cert",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*kerti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *kerti",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ker-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut; to strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to cut; to strike”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "cirst"
      },
      "expansion": "cirst",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ceri"
      },
      "expansion": "ceri",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kurt"
      },
      "expansion": "kurt",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ķert"
      },
      "expansion": "ķert",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*ker-"
      },
      "expansion": "*ker-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "cerēt"
      },
      "expansion": "cerēt",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "atcerēties",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to remember"
      },
      "expansion": "atcerēties (“to remember”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "apcerēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to consider, to contemplate"
      },
      "expansion": "apcerēt (“to consider, to contemplate”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "iecerēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to plan, to intend"
      },
      "expansion": "iecerēt (“to plan, to intend”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sacerēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to write, to compose"
      },
      "expansion": "sacerēt (“to write, to compose”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally the iterative (durative) form of *cert, from Proto-Baltic *kerti, from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to cut; to strike”) (whence also cirst “to cut, to chop; to strike, to beat”, q.v.). The semantic evolution went from “to make fire, to burn, to heat” (probably via “to strike (wood, metal, to make) fire;” see ceri “heated stones for sauna, bath,” and also the cognate verb kurt “to make fire”) → “to feel, worry, think fierily, intensely” (probably also influenced by ķert “to catch, to grasp”, another reflex of *ker-) → “to love” (a meaning still attested for cerēt in folklore), and also “to turn one's (full) attention to something” → “to hope (for something).” Note that derived verbs often conserve the older meaning of “turning one's attention (to)”, “thinking:” atcerēties (“to remember”), apcerēt (“to consider, to contemplate”), iecerēt (“to plan, to intend”), sacerēt (“to write, to compose”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceru",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceri",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cer",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēju",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerējām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerējāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceriet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "participle-1",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot cerējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-2",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-3",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "participle-4",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerētu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu cerējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jācer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jācer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-1",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "necerēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-2",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēšana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "ceru, ceri, cer",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "cerēju",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "transitive or intransitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "3rd conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "cerēt"
      },
      "expansion": "cerēt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present ceru, ceri, cer, past cerēju)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr-intr",
        "2": "3rd",
        "3": "cer",
        "4": "ē"
      },
      "expansion": "cerēt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present ceru, ceri, cer, past cerēju)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cer",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "3rd"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cer",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "inf": "",
        "irr1": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem1": "cer",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-3"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ceru",
        "10": "cerējāt",
        "11": "cerēšu",
        "12": "cerēsi",
        "13": "cerēs",
        "14": "cerēsim",
        "15": "cerēsiet,\ncerēsit",
        "16": "ceri",
        "17": "ceriet",
        "18": "cerot",
        "19": "cerēšot",
        "2": "ceri",
        "20": "cerētu",
        "21": "jācer",
        "22": "jācerot",
        "23": "cerošs",
        "24": "cerēdams",
        "25": "cerot",
        "26": "ceram",
        "27": "cerējis",
        "28": "cerams",
        "29": "cerēts",
        "3": "cer",
        "30": "cerēšana",
        "4": "ceram",
        "5": "cerat",
        "6": "cerēju",
        "7": "cerēji",
        "8": "cerēja",
        "9": "cerējām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "cerības"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to hope for happiness",
          "text": "cerēt uz laimi",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to hope for the best",
          "text": "cerēt labāko",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "we hope to receive a reply soon",
          "text": "ceram drīz saņemt atbildi",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "all hoped that the weather would be good",
          "text": "visi cerēja, ka laiks būs labs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the trip was more successful than (had been) hoped",
          "text": "brauciens izdevies labāk, neka cerēts",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "about that there is nothing to hope for",
          "text": "uz to nav ko cerēt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I waited long, I hoped much, but happiness deceived (= eluded) me",
          "text": "daudz gaidīju, daudz cerēju, bet laime mani vīla",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I had hoped for something completely different",
          "text": "es biju cerējis pavisam ko citu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to hope (to expect and wish for something to happen)"
      ],
      "id": "en-cerēt-lv-verb-t7iKpyE8",
      "links": [
        [
          "hope",
          "hope"
        ],
        [
          "expect",
          "expect#English"
        ],
        [
          "wish",
          "wish#English"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "43 57",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Yes, Andris' father strongly relied on, hoped for (help from) his “rich family”",
          "text": "jā, Andra tēvs stipri cerēja uz saviem “bagātiem radiem”",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rely (on someone), to expect (e.g., help, from someone)"
      ],
      "id": "en-cerēt-lv-verb--8UjgnXr",
      "links": [
        [
          "rely",
          "rely"
        ],
        [
          "expect",
          "expect"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tsɛɾɛ̂ːt]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-cerēt.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/Lv-riga-cer%C4%93t.ogg/Lv-riga-cer%C4%93t.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Lv-riga-cer%C4%93t.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cerēt"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian ambitransitive verbs",
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latvian terms with audio links",
    "Latvian terms with redundant head parameter",
    "Latvian third conjugation verbs",
    "Latvian third conjugation verbs in -ēt",
    "Latvian undefined derivations",
    "Latvian verbs",
    "Latvian words with broken intonation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "atcerēties"
    },
    {
      "word": "apcerēt"
    },
    {
      "word": "cerēties"
    },
    {
      "word": "iecerēt"
    },
    {
      "word": "sacerēt"
    },
    {
      "word": "uzcerēt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*cert"
      },
      "expansion": "*cert",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*kerti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *kerti",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ker-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut; to strike"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to cut; to strike”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "cirst"
      },
      "expansion": "cirst",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ceri"
      },
      "expansion": "ceri",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "kurt"
      },
      "expansion": "kurt",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ķert"
      },
      "expansion": "ķert",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "*ker-"
      },
      "expansion": "*ker-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "cerēt"
      },
      "expansion": "cerēt",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "atcerēties",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to remember"
      },
      "expansion": "atcerēties (“to remember”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "apcerēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to consider, to contemplate"
      },
      "expansion": "apcerēt (“to consider, to contemplate”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "iecerēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to plan, to intend"
      },
      "expansion": "iecerēt (“to plan, to intend”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "sacerēt",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to write, to compose"
      },
      "expansion": "sacerēt (“to write, to compose”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Originally the iterative (durative) form of *cert, from Proto-Baltic *kerti, from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to cut; to strike”) (whence also cirst “to cut, to chop; to strike, to beat”, q.v.). The semantic evolution went from “to make fire, to burn, to heat” (probably via “to strike (wood, metal, to make) fire;” see ceri “heated stones for sauna, bath,” and also the cognate verb kurt “to make fire”) → “to feel, worry, think fierily, intensely” (probably also influenced by ķert “to catch, to grasp”, another reflex of *ker-) → “to love” (a meaning still attested for cerēt in folklore), and also “to turn one's (full) attention to something” → “to hope (for something).” Note that derived verbs often conserve the older meaning of “turning one's attention (to)”, “thinking:” atcerēties (“to remember”), apcerēt (“to consider, to contemplate”), iecerēt (“to plan, to intend”), sacerēt (“to write, to compose”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceru",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceri",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cer",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēju",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerējām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerējāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceriet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēja",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "participle-1",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot cerējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-2",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-3",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "participle-4",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerētu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu cerējis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jācer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jācer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-1",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "necerēt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācerot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-2",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cerēšana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "ceru, ceri, cer",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "cerēju",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "transitive or intransitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "3rd conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "cerēt"
      },
      "expansion": "cerēt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present ceru, ceri, cer, past cerēju)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr-intr",
        "2": "3rd",
        "3": "cer",
        "4": "ē"
      },
      "expansion": "cerēt (transitive or intransitive, 3rd conjugation, present ceru, ceri, cer, past cerēju)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cer",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "3rd"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cer",
        "2": "ē",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "inf": "",
        "irr1": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem1": "cer",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-3"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ceru",
        "10": "cerējāt",
        "11": "cerēšu",
        "12": "cerēsi",
        "13": "cerēs",
        "14": "cerēsim",
        "15": "cerēsiet,\ncerēsit",
        "16": "ceri",
        "17": "ceriet",
        "18": "cerot",
        "19": "cerēšot",
        "2": "ceri",
        "20": "cerētu",
        "21": "jācer",
        "22": "jācerot",
        "23": "cerošs",
        "24": "cerēdams",
        "25": "cerot",
        "26": "ceram",
        "27": "cerējis",
        "28": "cerams",
        "29": "cerēts",
        "3": "cer",
        "30": "cerēšana",
        "4": "ceram",
        "5": "cerat",
        "6": "cerēju",
        "7": "cerēji",
        "8": "cerēja",
        "9": "cerējām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "cerības"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to hope for happiness",
          "text": "cerēt uz laimi",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to hope for the best",
          "text": "cerēt labāko",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "we hope to receive a reply soon",
          "text": "ceram drīz saņemt atbildi",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "all hoped that the weather would be good",
          "text": "visi cerēja, ka laiks būs labs",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "the trip was more successful than (had been) hoped",
          "text": "brauciens izdevies labāk, neka cerēts",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "about that there is nothing to hope for",
          "text": "uz to nav ko cerēt",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I waited long, I hoped much, but happiness deceived (= eluded) me",
          "text": "daudz gaidīju, daudz cerēju, bet laime mani vīla",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "I had hoped for something completely different",
          "text": "es biju cerējis pavisam ko citu",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to hope (to expect and wish for something to happen)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hope",
          "hope"
        ],
        [
          "expect",
          "expect#English"
        ],
        [
          "wish",
          "wish#English"
        ],
        [
          "happen",
          "happen#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Yes, Andris' father strongly relied on, hoped for (help from) his “rich family”",
          "text": "jā, Andra tēvs stipri cerēja uz saviem “bagātiem radiem”",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rely (on someone), to expect (e.g., help, from someone)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rely",
          "rely"
        ],
        [
          "expect",
          "expect"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[tsɛɾɛ̂ːt]"
    },
    {
      "audio": "lv-riga-cerēt.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/Lv-riga-cer%C4%93t.ogg/Lv-riga-cer%C4%93t.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/17/Lv-riga-cer%C4%93t.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cerēt"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.