"īgt" meaning in Latvian

See īgt in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [îːkt]
Etymology: There are diverging opinions on the origin of this word. Some claim that it is derived from Proto-Baltic *ing-, from the zero grade form *h₂n̥gʰ- of Proto-Indo-European *h₂engʰ- (“narrow, narrowed, tied”) (whence German eng (“narrow”)). The semantic evolution would be: “narrow, tight (adj.)” > “to feel tight, constrained” > “to be dissatisfied, sullen, angry” (cf. the evolution implicit in Old High German angi (“narrow”), Old Norse angr (“tedium, depression”), English anger). Cognates would include Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”), iñgsti, iñgzti (“to whimper, to whine; to moo, to squeal”), éngti (“to strangle, to scratch, to skin, to oppress”), Proto-Slavic *ęga (Russian яга́ (jagá, “witch, evil spirit”), Old Church Slavonic ѩѕа (jędza, “illness, weakness”), Bulgarian енза (enza, “wound, sore; (dial.) disease”)), Old English inca (“illness”), Old Norse ekki (“sorrow; doubt”). Other researchers think that īgt is derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“sulky, sullen; sick”), in which case it is not cognate with Lithuanian iñgsti, éngti. Etymology templates: {{uder|lv|bat-pro|*ing-}} Proto-Baltic *ing-, {{uder|lv|ine-pro|*h₂enǵʰ-|*h₂engʰ-|narrow, narrowed, tied}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂engʰ- (“narrow, narrowed, tied”), {{cog|de|eng||narrow}} German eng (“narrow”), {{cog|goh|angi||narrow}} Old High German angi (“narrow”), {{cog|non|angr||tedium, depression}} Old Norse angr (“tedium, depression”), {{cog|en|anger}} English anger, {{cog|lt|ìngas||lazy, idle}} Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”), {{cog|sla-pro|*ęga}} Proto-Slavic *ęga, {{cog|ru|яга́||witch, evil spirit}} Russian яга́ (jagá, “witch, evil spirit”), {{cog|cu|ѩѕа||illness, weakness}} Old Church Slavonic ѩѕа (jędza, “illness, weakness”), {{cog|bg|енза||wound, sore; (dial.) disease}} Bulgarian енза (enza, “wound, sore; (dial.) disease”), {{cog|ang|inca||illness}} Old English inca (“illness”), {{cog|non|-}} Old Norse, {{cog|ine-pro|*h₂eyg-||sulky, sullen; sick}} Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“sulky, sullen; sick”), {{cog|lt|iñgsti}} Lithuanian iñgsti Head templates: {{head|lv|verb|intransitive||1st conjugation||||||present|īgstu, īgsti, īgst|past|īgu|head=īgt}} īgt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present īgstu, īgsti, īgst, past īgu), {{lv-verb|intr|1st|īgst|īgst|i|īg}} īgt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present īgstu, īgsti, īgst, past īgu) Inflection templates: {{lv-conj|ī|īgst|1st|īgst|i|īg||st-g|pass=no|width=470}}, {{lv-conj-1|ī|īgst|īgst|i|īg||st-g|inf=|kc=g|pass=no|pol=|prespart=|refl=|stem2=|sz=|width=100%|zstd=}}, {{lv-conj-table|īgstu|īgsti|īgst|īgstam|īgstat|īgu|īgi|īga|īgām|īgāt|īgšu|īgsi|īgs|īgsim|īgsiet, īgsit|īgsti|īgstiet|īgstot|īgšot|īgtu|jāīgst|jāīgstot|īgstošs|īgdams|īgstot|īgstam|īdzis|īgstams|īgts|īgšana|inf=|pass=no|pol=|prespart=|refl=|width=100%}} Forms: conjugation [first-person], īgstu [present], īgsti [present], īgst [present], īgu [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], īgstu [first-person, indicative, present, singular], īgu [first-person, indicative, past, singular], īgšu [first-person, future, indicative, singular], - [first-person, imperative, singular], īgsti [indicative, present, second-person, singular], īgi [indicative, past, second-person, singular], īgsi [future, indicative, second-person, singular], īgsti [imperative, second-person, singular], īgst [indicative, present, singular, third-person], īga [indicative, past, singular, third-person], īgs [future, indicative, singular, third-person], lai īgst [imperative, singular, third-person], īgstam [first-person, indicative, plural, present], īgām [first-person, indicative, past, plural], īgsim [first-person, future, indicative, plural], īgsim [first-person, imperative, plural], īgstat [indicative, plural, present, second-person], īgāt [indicative, past, plural, second-person], īgsiet [future, indicative, plural, second-person], īgsit [future, indicative, plural, second-person], īgstiet [imperative, plural, second-person], īgst [indicative, plural, present, third-person], īga [indicative, past, plural, third-person], īgs [future, indicative, plural, third-person], lai īgst [imperative, plural, third-person], īgstot [present, renarrative], īgstošs [active, adjectival, participle, participle-1, present], esot īdzis [past, renarrative], īgdams [active, adverbial, participle, participle-2, present], īgšot [future, renarrative], īgstot [active, adverbial, participle, participle-3, present], lai īgstot [imperative], īgstam [active, participle, participle-4, present], īdzis [active, participle, past], īgtu [conditional, present], - [participle, passive, present], būtu īdzis [conditional, past], - [participle, passive, past], jāīgst [debitive, indicative], būt jāīgst [debitive, indicative], īgt [infinitive], esot jāīgst [conjunctive, conjunctive-1, debitive], neīgt [infinitive, negative], jāīgstot [conjunctive, conjunctive-2, debitive], īgšana [noun-from-verb]
  1. to be surly, sullen, angry Tags: intransitive Derived forms: paīgt, saīgt Related terms: īgns, īgņa
    Sense id: en-īgt-lv-verb-PRmSC-gM Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian etymologies from LEV, Latvian first conjugation verbs in -gt or -kt, Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t, Latvian undefined derivations, Latvian words with broken intonation, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Sunam terms in nonstandard scripts

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*ing-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *ing-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-",
        "4": "*h₂engʰ-",
        "5": "narrow, narrowed, tied"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂engʰ- (“narrow, narrowed, tied”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "narrow"
      },
      "expansion": "German eng (“narrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "angi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "narrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German angi (“narrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "angr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tedium, depression"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse angr (“tedium, depression”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "anger"
      },
      "expansion": "English anger",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ìngas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lazy, idle"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ęga"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ęga",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "яга́",
        "3": "",
        "4": "witch, evil spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian яга́ (jagá, “witch, evil spirit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "ѩѕа",
        "3": "",
        "4": "illness, weakness"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѩѕа (jędza, “illness, weakness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "енза",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wound, sore; (dial.) disease"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian енза (enza, “wound, sore; (dial.) disease”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "inca",
        "3": "",
        "4": "illness"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English inca (“illness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂eyg-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sulky, sullen; sick"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“sulky, sullen; sick”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "iñgsti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian iñgsti",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There are diverging opinions on the origin of this word. Some claim that it is derived from Proto-Baltic *ing-, from the zero grade form *h₂n̥gʰ- of Proto-Indo-European *h₂engʰ- (“narrow, narrowed, tied”) (whence German eng (“narrow”)). The semantic evolution would be: “narrow, tight (adj.)” > “to feel tight, constrained” > “to be dissatisfied, sullen, angry” (cf. the evolution implicit in Old High German angi (“narrow”), Old Norse angr (“tedium, depression”), English anger). Cognates would include Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”), iñgsti, iñgzti (“to whimper, to whine; to moo, to squeal”), éngti (“to strangle, to scratch, to skin, to oppress”), Proto-Slavic *ęga (Russian яга́ (jagá, “witch, evil spirit”), Old Church Slavonic ѩѕа (jędza, “illness, weakness”), Bulgarian енза (enza, “wound, sore; (dial.) disease”)), Old English inca (“illness”), Old Norse ekki (“sorrow; doubt”). Other researchers think that īgt is derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“sulky, sullen; sick”), in which case it is not cognate with Lithuanian iñgsti, éngti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstu",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsti",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgst",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgu",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "participle-1",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot īdzis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-2",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-3",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai īgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "participle-4",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īdzis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgtu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu īdzis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jāīgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jāīgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jāīgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-1",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neīgt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jāīgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-2",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgšana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "īgstu, īgsti, īgst",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "īgu",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "intransitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "1st conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "īgt"
      },
      "expansion": "īgt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present īgstu, īgsti, īgst, past īgu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "intr",
        "2": "1st",
        "3": "īgst",
        "4": "īgst",
        "5": "i",
        "6": "īg"
      },
      "expansion": "īgt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present īgstu, īgsti, īgst, past īgu)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ī",
        "2": "īgst",
        "3": "1st",
        "4": "īgst",
        "5": "i",
        "6": "īg",
        "7": "",
        "8": "st-g",
        "pass": "no",
        "width": "470"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ī",
        "2": "īgst",
        "3": "īgst",
        "4": "i",
        "5": "īg",
        "6": "",
        "7": "st-g",
        "inf": "",
        "kc": "g",
        "pass": "no",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem2": "",
        "sz": "",
        "width": "100%",
        "zstd": ""
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-1"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "īgstu",
        "10": "īgāt",
        "11": "īgšu",
        "12": "īgsi",
        "13": "īgs",
        "14": "īgsim",
        "15": "īgsiet,\nīgsit",
        "16": "īgsti",
        "17": "īgstiet",
        "18": "īgstot",
        "19": "īgšot",
        "2": "īgsti",
        "20": "īgtu",
        "21": "jāīgst",
        "22": "jāīgstot",
        "23": "īgstošs",
        "24": "īgdams",
        "25": "īgstot",
        "26": "īgstam",
        "27": "īdzis",
        "28": "īgstams",
        "29": "īgts",
        "3": "īgst",
        "30": "īgšana",
        "4": "īgstam",
        "5": "īgstat",
        "6": "īgu",
        "7": "īgi",
        "8": "īga",
        "9": "īgām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "no",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -gt or -kt",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian words with broken intonation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sunam terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "paīgt"
        },
        {
          "word": "saīgt"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he was sullen, deeply, painfully sullen; the whole world gave him anger",
          "text": "viņš īga, dziļi, sāpīgi īga; visa pasaule tam aizdeva dusmas",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "“why did I come here, what was I expecting from such a night?” Agnese asked herself and felt angry at herself for having been so yielding, so pliable",
          "text": "“kāpēc es te nācu, ko es gaidīju no tāda vakara?” Agnese jautāja sev un īga par sevi, ka bijusi tik pieļāvīga",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be surly, sullen, angry"
      ],
      "id": "en-īgt-lv-verb-PRmSC-gM",
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "surly",
          "surly"
        ],
        [
          "sullen",
          "sullen"
        ],
        [
          "angry",
          "angry"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "īgns"
        },
        {
          "word": "īgņa"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[îːkt]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "īgt"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "paīgt"
    },
    {
      "word": "saīgt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bat-pro",
        "3": "*ing-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Baltic *ing-",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-",
        "4": "*h₂engʰ-",
        "5": "narrow, narrowed, tied"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂engʰ- (“narrow, narrowed, tied”)",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "eng",
        "3": "",
        "4": "narrow"
      },
      "expansion": "German eng (“narrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "angi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "narrow"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German angi (“narrow”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "angr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tedium, depression"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse angr (“tedium, depression”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "anger"
      },
      "expansion": "English anger",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ìngas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lazy, idle"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*ęga"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ęga",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "яга́",
        "3": "",
        "4": "witch, evil spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian яга́ (jagá, “witch, evil spirit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "ѩѕа",
        "3": "",
        "4": "illness, weakness"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic ѩѕа (jędza, “illness, weakness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "енза",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wound, sore; (dial.) disease"
      },
      "expansion": "Bulgarian енза (enza, “wound, sore; (dial.) disease”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "inca",
        "3": "",
        "4": "illness"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English inca (“illness”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂eyg-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "sulky, sullen; sick"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“sulky, sullen; sick”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "iñgsti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian iñgsti",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "There are diverging opinions on the origin of this word. Some claim that it is derived from Proto-Baltic *ing-, from the zero grade form *h₂n̥gʰ- of Proto-Indo-European *h₂engʰ- (“narrow, narrowed, tied”) (whence German eng (“narrow”)). The semantic evolution would be: “narrow, tight (adj.)” > “to feel tight, constrained” > “to be dissatisfied, sullen, angry” (cf. the evolution implicit in Old High German angi (“narrow”), Old Norse angr (“tedium, depression”), English anger). Cognates would include Lithuanian ìngas (“lazy, idle”), iñgsti, iñgzti (“to whimper, to whine; to moo, to squeal”), éngti (“to strangle, to scratch, to skin, to oppress”), Proto-Slavic *ęga (Russian яга́ (jagá, “witch, evil spirit”), Old Church Slavonic ѩѕа (jędza, “illness, weakness”), Bulgarian енза (enza, “wound, sore; (dial.) disease”)), Old English inca (“illness”), Old Norse ekki (“sorrow; doubt”). Other researchers think that īgt is derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyg- (“sulky, sullen; sick”), in which case it is not cognate with Lithuanian iñgsti, éngti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstu",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsti",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgst",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgu",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īga",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai īgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "participle-1",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot īdzis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-2",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "participle-3",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai īgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgstam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "participle-4",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īdzis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgtu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu īdzis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jāīgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jāīgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jāīgst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-1",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "neīgt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jāīgstot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive",
        "conjunctive-2",
        "debitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "īgšana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "īgstu, īgsti, īgst",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "īgu",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "intransitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "1st conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "īgt"
      },
      "expansion": "īgt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present īgstu, īgsti, īgst, past īgu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "intr",
        "2": "1st",
        "3": "īgst",
        "4": "īgst",
        "5": "i",
        "6": "īg"
      },
      "expansion": "īgt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present īgstu, īgsti, īgst, past īgu)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ī",
        "2": "īgst",
        "3": "1st",
        "4": "īgst",
        "5": "i",
        "6": "īg",
        "7": "",
        "8": "st-g",
        "pass": "no",
        "width": "470"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ī",
        "2": "īgst",
        "3": "īgst",
        "4": "i",
        "5": "īg",
        "6": "",
        "7": "st-g",
        "inf": "",
        "kc": "g",
        "pass": "no",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem2": "",
        "sz": "",
        "width": "100%",
        "zstd": ""
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-1"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "īgstu",
        "10": "īgāt",
        "11": "īgšu",
        "12": "īgsi",
        "13": "īgs",
        "14": "īgsim",
        "15": "īgsiet,\nīgsit",
        "16": "īgsti",
        "17": "īgstiet",
        "18": "īgstot",
        "19": "īgšot",
        "2": "īgsti",
        "20": "īgtu",
        "21": "jāīgst",
        "22": "jāīgstot",
        "23": "īgstošs",
        "24": "īgdams",
        "25": "īgstot",
        "26": "īgstam",
        "27": "īdzis",
        "28": "īgstams",
        "29": "īgts",
        "3": "īgst",
        "30": "īgšana",
        "4": "īgstam",
        "5": "īgstat",
        "6": "īgu",
        "7": "īgi",
        "8": "īga",
        "9": "īgām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "no",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "width": "100%"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "īgns"
    },
    {
      "word": "īgņa"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Latvian -st- type first conjugation verbs",
        "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
        "Latvian first conjugation verbs",
        "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -gt or -kt",
        "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
        "Latvian intransitive verbs",
        "Latvian lemmas",
        "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Baltic",
        "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Latvian terms with redundant head parameter",
        "Latvian terms with usage examples",
        "Latvian undefined derivations",
        "Latvian verbs",
        "Latvian words with broken intonation",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Sunam terms in nonstandard scripts"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "he was sullen, deeply, painfully sullen; the whole world gave him anger",
          "text": "viņš īga, dziļi, sāpīgi īga; visa pasaule tam aizdeva dusmas",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "“why did I come here, what was I expecting from such a night?” Agnese asked herself and felt angry at herself for having been so yielding, so pliable",
          "text": "“kāpēc es te nācu, ko es gaidīju no tāda vakara?” Agnese jautāja sev un īga par sevi, ka bijusi tik pieļāvīga",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be surly, sullen, angry"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "be",
          "be"
        ],
        [
          "surly",
          "surly"
        ],
        [
          "sullen",
          "sullen"
        ],
        [
          "angry",
          "angry"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[îːkt]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "īgt"
}

Download raw JSONL data for īgt meaning in Latvian (10.8kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.