See iugulum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Iugula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iugulō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "zoglo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "giugolo"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "thucru"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "thruccu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "thùgulu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "trughu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "sughu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "iugum<t:a yoke, collar>",
"4": "-ulus<alt:-ulum><pos:diminutive suffix>",
"text": "+",
"title": "iugulum",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *yewg-\nProto-Indo-European *-óm\nProto-Indo-European *yugóm\nProto-Italic *jugom\nLatin iugum\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulum\nLatin iugulum\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*jugom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"iugum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-ulum\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"iugulum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"iugulum\">\nFrom iugum (“a yoke, collar”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *yewg-\nProto-Indo-European *-óm\nProto-Indo-European *yugóm\nProto-Italic *jugom\nLatin iugum\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulum\nLatin iugulum\nFrom iugum (“a yoke, collar”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "iugulī",
"links": [
[
"iugulī",
"iuguli"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugula",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulī",
"links": [
[
"iugulī",
"iuguli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulōrum",
"links": [
[
"iugulōrum",
"iugulorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulō",
"links": [
[
"iugulō",
"iugulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulīs",
"links": [
[
"iugulīs",
"iugulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugula",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulō",
"links": [
[
"iugulō",
"iugulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulīs",
"links": [
[
"iugulīs",
"iugulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "iugula",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jugulum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulus",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "jugulus",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iugulum<2>"
},
"expansion": "iugulum n (genitive iugulī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iugulum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iugulātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iugulātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iugum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "45 24 4 24 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 24 4 24 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 24 4 21 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 25 2 27 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 26 12 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 24 3 26 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 28 2 14 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 21 2 28 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 3 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 19 3 21 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 12 2 9 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Body parts",
"orig": "la:Body parts",
"parents": [
"Anatomy"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 11.43.98",
"text": "Terrestrium solus homo bipes. uni iuguli, umeri, ceteris armi; uni ulnae.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the collarbone"
],
"id": "en-iugulum-la-noun-bA8liuPZ",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"collarbone",
"collarbone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the collarbone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 26 12 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the hollow part of the neck above the collarbone"
],
"id": "en-iugulum-la-noun-rBBdfZTZ",
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
],
[
"collarbone",
"collarbone"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the hollow part of the neck above the collarbone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 26 12 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 117 CE, Tacitus, Annales 3.15",
"text": "[…]; et coepta luce perfosso iugulo, iacente humi gladio, repertus est.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the throat"
],
"id": "en-iugulum-la-noun-ARqEfPI0",
"links": [
[
"throat",
"throat"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the throat"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 26 12 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 24 7 36 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin terms suffixed with -ulus",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 24 10 32 10",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "la:Violence",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a murder, slaughter"
],
"id": "en-iugulum-la-noun-c5HoNUSC",
"links": [
[
"murder",
"murder"
],
[
"slaughter",
"slaughter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) a murder, slaughter"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nex"
},
{
"word": "lētum"
},
{
"word": "homicīdium"
},
{
"word": "excidium"
},
{
"word": "occīsiō"
},
{
"word": "occīdiō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 26 12 22 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 95 CE, Quintilianus, Institutio oratoria 8.6.51",
"text": "[…], pedem conferre et iugulum petere et sanguinem mittere, inde sunt, nec offendunt tamen.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the main point of one's argument"
],
"id": "en-iugulum-la-noun-RAE2AbOx",
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) the main point of one's argument"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjʊ.ɡʊ.ɫũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuː.ɡu.lum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "iugulum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin entries with etymology texts",
"Latin entries with etymology trees",
"Latin entries with etymon",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *yewg-",
"Latin terms suffixed with -ulus",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"la:Body parts",
"la:Violence"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Iugula"
},
{
"word": "iugulō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "zoglo"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "giugolo"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "thucru"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "thruccu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "thùgulu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "trughu"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"word": "sughu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": ":af",
"3": "iugum<t:a yoke, collar>",
"4": "-ulus<alt:-ulum><pos:diminutive suffix>",
"text": "+",
"title": "iugulum",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *yewg-\nProto-Indo-European *-óm\nProto-Indo-European *yugóm\nProto-Italic *jugom\nLatin iugum\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulum\nLatin iugulum\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*jugom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"iugum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-ulum\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"diminutive\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-elós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-lós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-elos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ulus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"diminutive suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"iugulum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }\" data-lang=\"la\" data-title=\"iugulum\">\nFrom iugum (“a yoke, collar”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *yewg-\nProto-Indo-European *-óm\nProto-Indo-European *yugóm\nProto-Italic *jugom\nLatin iugum\nProto-Indo-European *-lós\nProto-Indo-European *-elós\nProto-Italic *-elos\nLatin -ulum\nLatin iugulum\nFrom iugum (“a yoke, collar”) + -ulum (diminutive suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "iugulī",
"links": [
[
"iugulī",
"iuguli"
]
],
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugula",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulī",
"links": [
[
"iugulī",
"iuguli#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulōrum",
"links": [
[
"iugulōrum",
"iugulorum#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulō",
"links": [
[
"iugulō",
"iugulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulīs",
"links": [
[
"iugulīs",
"iugulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugula",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulō",
"links": [
[
"iugulō",
"iugulo#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulīs",
"links": [
[
"iugulīs",
"iugulis#Latin"
]
],
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "iugula",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jugulum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "iugulus",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "jugulus",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iugulum<2>"
},
"expansion": "iugulum n (genitive iugulī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iugulum<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "iugulātiō"
},
{
"word": "iugulātor"
},
{
"word": "iugum"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations",
"la:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "77 CE – 79 CE, Plinius Maior, Naturalis Historia 11.43.98",
"text": "Terrestrium solus homo bipes. uni iuguli, umeri, ceteris armi; uni ulnae.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the collarbone"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"collarbone",
"collarbone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) the collarbone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the hollow part of the neck above the collarbone"
],
"links": [
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"neck",
"neck"
],
[
"collarbone",
"collarbone"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the hollow part of the neck above the collarbone"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 117 CE, Tacitus, Annales 3.15",
"text": "[…]; et coepta luce perfosso iugulo, iacente humi gladio, repertus est.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the throat"
],
"links": [
[
"throat",
"throat"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense) the throat"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a murder, slaughter"
],
"links": [
[
"murder",
"murder"
],
[
"slaughter",
"slaughter"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) a murder, slaughter"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nex"
},
{
"word": "lētum"
},
{
"word": "homicīdium"
},
{
"word": "excidium"
},
{
"word": "occīsiō"
},
{
"word": "occīdiō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 95 CE, Quintilianus, Institutio oratoria 8.6.51",
"text": "[…], pedem conferre et iugulum petere et sanguinem mittere, inde sunt, nec offendunt tamen.",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the main point of one's argument"
],
"links": [
[
"point",
"point"
],
[
"argument",
"argument"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) the main point of one's argument"
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈjʊ.ɡʊ.ɫũː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈjuː.ɡu.lum]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "iugulum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for iugulum meaning in Latin (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.