See frons in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frontālia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frontālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frontātī"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frontō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frontōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "fruant"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frount"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ffront"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ffrount"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frounte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frountte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frownt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frownte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunte"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "frònt"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fronte"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "frente"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fruente"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "frònta"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "frunti"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frons"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunt"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frùnt"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronti"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunte"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frontis"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "forehead"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "braine",
"t": "prow, edge"
},
"expansion": "Irish braine (“prow, edge”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "brandr",
"t": "acroterium"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse brandr (“acroterium”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gʷʰron-t-",
"t": "side where the mouth is, front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰron-t- (“side where the mouth is, front”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrendʰ-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frendō"
},
"expansion": "Latin frendō",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Per de Vaan, \"no plausible etymology.\" Pokorny compares Irish braine (“prow, edge”), Old Norse brandr (“acroterium”)), deriving them from *bʰren- (“to project; edge”). De Vaan finds these proposed relationships to be unconvincing due to semantic difficulties. De Vaan suggests a possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰron-t- (“side where the mouth is, front”), perhaps from a root *gʷʰren-, itself perhaps the source of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrendʰ-. If this scenario is accepted, the term could be related to Latin frendō. However, de Vaan concedes that this explanation is \"speculative.\"",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frōns",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "frontis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontibus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fronte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontibus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "frontēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns<3.I>",
"g": "f",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "frōns f or m (genitive frontis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns<3.I>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "la:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Finally, let it be inscribed on the forehead of each one what he thinks about the Republic.\n(A reference to the ancient Roman practice of branding or tattooing runaway slaves and hardened criminals; the forehead was the most visible and degrading location for this mark of shame.)",
"ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.32",
"text": "[…] sit dēnique īnscrīptum in fronte ūnīus cuiusque quid dē rē pūblicā sentiat.",
"translation": "Finally, let it be inscribed on the forehead of each one what he thinks about the Republic.\n(A reference to the ancient Roman practice of branding or tattooing runaway slaves and hardened criminals; the forehead was the most visible and degrading location for this mark of shame.)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the forehead, brow, front"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-GInw-VRw",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
],
[
"brow",
"brow"
],
[
"front",
"front"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally):",
"(anatomy) the forehead, brow, front"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ōs"
},
{
"word": "vultus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"literally"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the brow or countenance as an indicator of the feelings"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-Evj7vC7l",
"links": [
[
"brow",
"brow"
],
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
],
[
"indicator",
"indicator"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally):",
"the brow or countenance as an indicator of the feelings"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vultus"
},
{
"word": "faciēs"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"literally"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"as the mirror of a person's character or feelings"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-GSl1iCEt",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"as the mirror of a person's character or feelings"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
27,
31
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "to assume a bold air",
"literal_meaning": "to wipe the blush of one's brow",
"text": "frontem perfricāre",
"translation": "to assume a bold air",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as expressing shame"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-XK3x-WX0",
"links": [
[
"shame",
"shame"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"(in particular) as expressing shame"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in particular"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "34 CE – 62 CE, Persius, 5 104",
"text": "exclāmet Melicerta perīsse frontem dē rēbus",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as expressing shame",
"a sense of modesty; decorum, decency"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-r-p2wcWi",
"links": [
[
"shame",
"shame"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"modesty",
"modesty"
],
[
"decorum",
"decorum"
],
[
"decency",
"decency"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"(in particular) as expressing shame",
"(transferred sense) a sense of modesty; decorum, decency"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in particular"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Late Latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 3 3 3 8 10 5 9 9 9 5 5 5 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 4 4 4 9 11 6 10 11 11 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as expressing impudence, boldness"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-A8Yk~T5Q",
"links": [
[
"impudence",
"impudence"
],
[
"boldness",
"boldness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"(Late Latin) as expressing impudence, boldness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ōs"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 5 3 3 3 8 10 5 9 9 9 5 5 5 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 4 4 4 9 11 6 10 11 11 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 7 1 1 1 1 61 10 1 3 3 1 2 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "la:Appearance",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… and [as Dido] approaches her sorrowful sister to talk, by her expression she hides her plan, and even shines with serene hope in her appearance.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.476–477",
"roman": "cōnsilium voltū tegit, ac spem fronte serēnat ….",
"text": "… et maestam dictīs adgressa sorōrem,",
"translation": "… and [as Dido] approaches her sorrowful sister to talk, by her expression she hides her plan, and even shines with serene hope in her appearance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "at first sight",
"text": "prīmā fronte",
"translation": "at first sight",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the outward appearance, external quality, look (as distinct from inward nature)"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-cgCslEhC",
"links": [
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"external",
"external"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the outward appearance, external quality, look (as distinct from inward nature)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faciēs"
},
{
"word": "speciēs"
},
{
"word": "forma"
},
{
"word": "habitus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tergum"
},
{
"word": "latus"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in front, to the fore",
"text": "ā fronte, in fronte, in prīmā fronte, in frontem",
"translation": "in front, to the fore",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the forepart of anything; the front, facade (as opposed to back and sides)"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-MRfaIM5z",
"links": [
[
"forepart",
"forepart"
],
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"facade",
"facade"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the forepart of anything; the front, facade (as opposed to back and sides)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "la:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 3 3 3 8 10 5 9 9 9 5 5 5 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 4 4 4 9 11 6 10 11 11 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the front of an army or fleet in battle array"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-K0Z3IXHn",
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"fleet",
"fleet"
],
[
"array",
"array"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"(military) the front of an army or fleet in battle array"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "la:Geography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Surveying",
"orig": "la:Surveying",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 3 3 3 8 10 5 9 9 9 5 5 5 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 4 4 4 9 11 6 10 11 11 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-etn2ApYq",
"links": [
[
"surveying",
"surveying#Noun"
],
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"frontage",
"frontage"
],
[
"road",
"road#English"
],
[
"river",
"river#English"
],
[
"coastline",
"coastline#English"
],
[
"length",
"length"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"(surveying, geography) frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences",
"surveying"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Geography",
"orig": "la:Geography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Surveying",
"orig": "la:Surveying",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 3 3 3 8 10 5 9 9 9 5 5 5 5 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 4 4 4 9 11 6 10 11 11 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length",
"the coastline; a projecting piece of coast"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-DbRRRzgW",
"links": [
[
"surveying",
"surveying#Noun"
],
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"frontage",
"frontage"
],
[
"road",
"road#English"
],
[
"river",
"river#English"
],
[
"coastline",
"coastline#English"
],
[
"length",
"length"
],
[
"coastline",
"coastline"
],
[
"projecting",
"projecting"
],
[
"coast",
"coast"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"(surveying, geography) frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length",
"the coastline; a projecting piece of coast"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences",
"surveying"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-wwxogwzr",
"links": [
[
"extremity",
"extremity"
],
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"broad",
"broad"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)",
"either of the flat ends of a papyrus scroll"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-hhkj31T1",
"links": [
[
"extremity",
"extremity"
],
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"broad",
"broad"
],
[
"papyrus",
"papyrus"
],
[
"scroll",
"scroll"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)",
"either of the flat ends of a papyrus scroll"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"the exposed surface, outer side of anything"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-TCRM~Z1f",
"links": [
[
"exposed",
"exposed"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the exposed surface, outer side of anything"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfrõːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfrɔns]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Jacques André"
],
"word": "frons"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondātiō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondeō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondeus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondifer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "fronda"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "fronda"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "frind"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronda"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frond"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronde"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronde"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronde"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "leafy"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewd-",
"t": "to bud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*breutaną",
"t": "to crush, break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *breutaną (“to crush, break”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), and related to Proto-Germanic *breutaną (“to crush, break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frōns",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "frondis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fronde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "frondēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "frōs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "frūns",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "frūs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns/frond<3.F.I>"
},
"expansion": "frōns f (genitive frondis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns/frond<3.F.I>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frondēscō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
41,
48
]
],
"english": "And they hold some leftover mud in their foliage. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovid)",
"text": "Limumque tenent in fronde relictum. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovidius)",
"translation": "And they hold some leftover mud in their foliage. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovid)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a leafy branch; foliage; greenery"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-4nuY7yyR",
"links": [
[
"leafy",
"leafy"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"foliage",
"foliage"
],
[
"greenery",
"greenery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally) a leafy branch; foliage; greenery"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folium"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"literally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 8 16 7 1 5 5 0 0 8 1 5 1 4 4 1 1 1 0 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 7 1 1 11 8 10 1 9 9 1 5 2 3 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a garland made of leaves or twigs"
],
"id": "en-frons-la-noun-iLtxdK6w",
"links": [
[
"garland",
"garland"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaf"
],
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) a garland made of leaves or twigs"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "frons"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 1-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "frontālia"
},
{
"word": "frontālis"
},
{
"word": "frontātī"
},
{
"word": "frontō"
},
{
"word": "frontōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dalmatian",
"lang_code": "dlm",
"word": "fruant"
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frount"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ffront"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "ffrount"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frounte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frountte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frownt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frownte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "front"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunte"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Occitan",
"lang_code": "oc",
"raw_tags": [
"m"
],
"word": "frònt"
}
],
"lang": "Old Occitan",
"lang_code": "pro",
"word": "front"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fronte"
}
],
"lang": "Old Galician-Portuguese",
"lang_code": "roa-opt",
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "frente"
}
],
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"lang_code": "osp",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "fruente"
},
{
"lang": "Romagnol",
"lang_code": "rgn",
"word": "frònta"
},
{
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"word": "frunti"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frons"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunt"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frùnt"
},
{
"lang": "Romansch",
"lang_code": "rm",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronte"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronti"
},
{
"lang": "Sardinian",
"lang_code": "sc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frunte"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frontis"
},
{
"lang": "Venetan",
"lang_code": "vec",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "front"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "forehead"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "braine",
"t": "prow, edge"
},
"expansion": "Irish braine (“prow, edge”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "brandr",
"t": "acroterium"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse brandr (“acroterium”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*gʷʰron-t-",
"t": "side where the mouth is, front"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰron-t- (“side where the mouth is, front”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʷʰrendʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrendʰ-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frendō"
},
"expansion": "Latin frendō",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Per de Vaan, \"no plausible etymology.\" Pokorny compares Irish braine (“prow, edge”), Old Norse brandr (“acroterium”)), deriving them from *bʰren- (“to project; edge”). De Vaan finds these proposed relationships to be unconvincing due to semantic difficulties. De Vaan suggests a possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰron-t- (“side where the mouth is, front”), perhaps from a root *gʷʰren-, itself perhaps the source of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrendʰ-. If this scenario is accepted, the term could be related to Latin frendō. However, de Vaan concedes that this explanation is \"speculative.\"",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frōns",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "frontis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontium",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontibus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frontīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fronte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frontibus",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "frontēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns<3.I>",
"g": "f",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "frōns f or m (genitive frontis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns<3.I>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"la:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Finally, let it be inscribed on the forehead of each one what he thinks about the Republic.\n(A reference to the ancient Roman practice of branding or tattooing runaway slaves and hardened criminals; the forehead was the most visible and degrading location for this mark of shame.)",
"ref": "63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.32",
"text": "[…] sit dēnique īnscrīptum in fronte ūnīus cuiusque quid dē rē pūblicā sentiat.",
"translation": "Finally, let it be inscribed on the forehead of each one what he thinks about the Republic.\n(A reference to the ancient Roman practice of branding or tattooing runaway slaves and hardened criminals; the forehead was the most visible and degrading location for this mark of shame.)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the forehead, brow, front"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"forehead",
"forehead"
],
[
"brow",
"brow"
],
[
"front",
"front"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally):",
"(anatomy) the forehead, brow, front"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ōs"
},
{
"word": "vultus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"literally"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the brow or countenance as an indicator of the feelings"
],
"links": [
[
"brow",
"brow"
],
[
"countenance",
"countenance"
],
[
"indicator",
"indicator"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally):",
"the brow or countenance as an indicator of the feelings"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "vultus"
},
{
"word": "faciēs"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"literally"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"as the mirror of a person's character or feelings"
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"feeling",
"feeling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"as the mirror of a person's character or feelings"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
27,
31
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"english": "to assume a bold air",
"literal_meaning": "to wipe the blush of one's brow",
"text": "frontem perfricāre",
"translation": "to assume a bold air",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as expressing shame"
],
"links": [
[
"shame",
"shame"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"(in particular) as expressing shame"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in particular"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"Latin terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "34 CE – 62 CE, Persius, 5 104",
"text": "exclāmet Melicerta perīsse frontem dē rēbus",
"translation": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as expressing shame",
"a sense of modesty; decorum, decency"
],
"links": [
[
"shame",
"shame"
],
[
"sense",
"sense"
],
[
"modesty",
"modesty"
],
[
"decorum",
"decorum"
],
[
"decency",
"decency"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"(in particular) as expressing shame",
"(transferred sense) a sense of modesty; decorum, decency"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in particular"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Late Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"as expressing impudence, boldness"
],
"links": [
[
"impudence",
"impudence"
],
[
"boldness",
"boldness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively):",
"(Late Latin) as expressing impudence, boldness"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ōs"
}
],
"tags": [
"Late-Latin",
"declension-3",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "… and [as Dido] approaches her sorrowful sister to talk, by her expression she hides her plan, and even shines with serene hope in her appearance.",
"ref": "29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.476–477",
"roman": "cōnsilium voltū tegit, ac spem fronte serēnat ….",
"text": "… et maestam dictīs adgressa sorōrem,",
"translation": "… and [as Dido] approaches her sorrowful sister to talk, by her expression she hides her plan, and even shines with serene hope in her appearance.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "at first sight",
"text": "prīmā fronte",
"translation": "at first sight",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the outward appearance, external quality, look (as distinct from inward nature)"
],
"links": [
[
"outward",
"outward"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
],
[
"external",
"external"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the outward appearance, external quality, look (as distinct from inward nature)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "faciēs"
},
{
"word": "speciēs"
},
{
"word": "forma"
},
{
"word": "habitus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "tergum"
},
{
"word": "latus"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "in front, to the fore",
"text": "ā fronte, in fronte, in prīmā fronte, in frontem",
"translation": "in front, to the fore",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the forepart of anything; the front, facade (as opposed to back and sides)"
],
"links": [
[
"forepart",
"forepart"
],
[
"front",
"front"
],
[
"facade",
"facade"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the forepart of anything; the front, facade (as opposed to back and sides)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"la:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"the front of an army or fleet in battle array"
],
"links": [
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"army",
"army"
],
[
"fleet",
"fleet"
],
[
"array",
"array"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"(military) the front of an army or fleet in battle array"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"la:Geography",
"la:Surveying"
],
"glosses": [
"frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length"
],
"links": [
[
"surveying",
"surveying#Noun"
],
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"frontage",
"frontage"
],
[
"road",
"road#English"
],
[
"river",
"river#English"
],
[
"coastline",
"coastline#English"
],
[
"length",
"length"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"(surveying, geography) frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences",
"surveying"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses",
"la:Geography",
"la:Surveying"
],
"glosses": [
"frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length",
"the coastline; a projecting piece of coast"
],
"links": [
[
"surveying",
"surveying#Noun"
],
[
"geography",
"geography"
],
[
"frontage",
"frontage"
],
[
"road",
"road#English"
],
[
"river",
"river#English"
],
[
"coastline",
"coastline#English"
],
[
"length",
"length"
],
[
"coastline",
"coastline"
],
[
"projecting",
"projecting"
],
[
"coast",
"coast"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"(surveying, geography) frontage (the part facing the road, river, coastline), usually in ref. to its length",
"the coastline; a projecting piece of coast"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"natural-sciences",
"surveying"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)"
],
"links": [
[
"extremity",
"extremity"
],
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"broad",
"broad"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)",
"either of the flat ends of a papyrus scroll"
],
"links": [
[
"extremity",
"extremity"
],
[
"face",
"face"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"end",
"end"
],
[
"broad",
"broad"
],
[
"papyrus",
"papyrus"
],
[
"scroll",
"scroll"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the outer extremity or face, the outer or inner surface (eg. of a wall), the top or bottom end (of a trench), the broad side (of a rectangle)",
"either of the flat ends of a papyrus scroll"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with transferred senses"
],
"glosses": [
"the exposed surface, outer side of anything"
],
"links": [
[
"exposed",
"exposed"
]
],
"qualifier": "transferred sense",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transferred sense):",
"the exposed surface, outer side of anything"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈfrõːs]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈfrɔns]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Jacques André"
],
"word": "frons"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Appearance"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "frondārius"
},
{
"word": "frondātiō"
},
{
"word": "frondātor"
},
{
"word": "frondeō"
},
{
"word": "frondeus"
},
{
"word": "frondifer"
},
{
"word": "frondōsus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "fronda"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "fronda"
},
{
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"word": "frind"
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronda"
},
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "frond"
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronde"
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronde"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "fronde"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "leafy"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰrewd-",
"t": "to bud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*breutaną",
"t": "to crush, break"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *breutaną (“to crush, break”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewd- (“to bud”), and related to Proto-Germanic *breutaną (“to crush, break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "frōns",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "frondis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frondīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fronde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "frondibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "frōns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "frondēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "frōs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "frūns",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "frūs",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns/frond<3.F.I>"
},
"expansion": "frōns f (genitive frondis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frōns/frond<3.F.I>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "frondēscō"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
41,
48
]
],
"english": "And they hold some leftover mud in their foliage. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovid)",
"text": "Limumque tenent in fronde relictum. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovidius)",
"translation": "And they hold some leftover mud in their foliage. (Metamorphoses, 1, 347, Ovid)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a leafy branch; foliage; greenery"
],
"links": [
[
"leafy",
"leafy"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"foliage",
"foliage"
],
[
"greenery",
"greenery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literally) a leafy branch; foliage; greenery"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folium"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"literally"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin poetic terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a garland made of leaves or twigs"
],
"links": [
[
"garland",
"garland"
],
[
"leaves",
"leaf"
],
[
"twig",
"twig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) a garland made of leaves or twigs"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"poetic"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "frons"
}
Download raw JSONL data for frons meaning in Latin (21.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.