See 頭 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 頭 meaning in Japanese (61.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "skull, cranium",
"roman": "tōgaikotsu",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"蓋",
"がい"
],
[
"骨",
"こつ"
]
],
"word": "頭蓋骨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "distinguishing oneself",
"roman": "tōkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"角",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "頭角"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "brain (intellect)",
"roman": "zunō",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
],
[
"脳",
"のう"
]
],
"word": "頭脳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "underboss",
"roman": "wakagashira",
"ruby": [
[
"若",
"わか"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "若頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "head, chief",
"roman": "tōryō",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"領",
"りょう"
]
],
"word": "頭領"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "manjū",
"roman": "manjū, a type of bun typically with bean paste filling",
"ruby": [
[
"饅",
"まん"
],
[
"頭",
"じゅう"
]
],
"word": "饅頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "dandruff",
"roman": "fuke",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ふ"
],
[
"垢",
"け"
]
],
"word": "頭垢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "headache",
"roman": "zutsū",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
],
[
"痛",
"つう"
]
],
"word": "頭痛"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-character-ny5tM6Nx",
"tags": [
"grade-2-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 59 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 27 3 21 25 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 5 24 6 2 3 14 1 4 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "ja:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"counter for large animals"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-character-g0n~hvS~",
"tags": [
"grade-2-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Manjū"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "inherited",
"sort": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"sort": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "天",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "玉",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "玉",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "玉",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "玉",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a tama",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "玉",
"lit": "heaven, sky + ball",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "a tama"
},
"expansion": "玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "天",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当てる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当て",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当てる",
"3": "当て",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "当て",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ate ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"lit": "putting something in contact + space, gap",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ate ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "m",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ma)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gap",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "g",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gap",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "g",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gap"
},
"expansion": "gap",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "space",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "s",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "space",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "s",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "space"
},
"expansion": "space",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "貴",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ate ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"lit": "noble + space",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ate ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "m",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ma)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ate",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "貴",
"3": "",
"4": "noble",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ate"
},
"expansion": "貴 (ate, “noble”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fontanelle"
},
"expansion": "fontanelle",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fontanelle"
},
"expansion": "fontanelle",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "未",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "未",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mizenkei",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "m",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "未然形",
"3": "",
"4": "incomplete form",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "mizenkei"
},
"expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当つ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当つ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "atsu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当つ",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "atsu"
},
"expansion": "当つ (atsu)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当たる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当たる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ataru",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当たる",
"3": "",
"4": "to touch, to come into contact",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ataru"
},
"expansion": "当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当たる",
"3": "間",
"alt1": "当た",
"pos1": "possibly a fossilized <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">未然形</i> (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">当つ</i> (atsu), root of modern <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">当たる</i> (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)",
"t1": "not quite touching, not quite in contact",
"t2": "space, gap, opening",
"tr1": "ata",
"tr2": "ma"
},
"expansion": "当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) + 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Old Japanese. First cited in the ten-volume Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.\nUnknown derivation. Theories include:\n* Compound of 天玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”). This is problematic phonetically, as 天 appears historically as ama or ame, not as just a\n* Compound of 当て間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”), referring to the head as a moxibustion point. This is also problematic phonetically, as the shift from ate to ata necessitates a change in meaning of the underlying verb. This is also problematic semantically, as the 間 (ma) term refers more specifically to a gap or space.\n* Compound of 貴間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”), referring to the most important part of the body. However, the use of 間 (ma) in this way is again problematic. Moreover, 貴 (ate, “noble”) appears in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter dating to the 900s CE, while 頭 (atama) with a sense of fontanelle appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō dated 938 CE, leaving insufficient time for either the semantic or phonetic drift required.\nHistorically, this term first appears with a sense of fontanelle, in reference to the soft place on the top of an infant's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused. As such, a more likely derivation might be as a compound of 当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) + 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "atama",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "頭(あたま) • (atama)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "bright, intelligent",
"roman": "atama ga ii",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"良",
"い"
]
],
"word": "頭が良い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "stupid, intellectually challenged",
"roman": "atama ga warui",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
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[
"悪",
"わる"
]
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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"ruby": [
[
"頭",
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],
[
"固",
"かた"
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],
"word": "頭が固い"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "atama ni kuru",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"来",
"く"
]
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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"ruby": [
[
"頭",
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[
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],
"word": "頭が切れる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "atama ni ukabu",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
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[
"浮",
"う"
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"word": "頭に浮かぶ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "atama ni ireru",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
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[
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "atama ga okashī",
"ruby": [
[
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"あたま"
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],
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}
],
"senses": [
{
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{
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"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"examples": [
{
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"roman": "Atama ga itai.",
"ruby": [
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"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"痛",
"いた"
]
],
"text": "頭が痛い。"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-BZeRlpL1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "びんた"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"source": "w"
},
{
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{
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"the fontanelle part of the skull"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-y2Cdg9JD",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"fontanelle",
"fontanelle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, archaic, possibly obsolete) the fontanelle part of the skull"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
],
"topics": [
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"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あたま"
},
{
"other": "あたま"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ta̠ma̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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"Old Japanese language",
"The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter",
"Wamyō Ruijushō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明",
"ja:頭"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Found as a standalone noun in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in the Kojiki, dating to 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
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"ruby": [
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],
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},
{
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"head_templates": [
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"lang_code": "ja",
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{
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],
"id": "en-頭-ja-counter-VcYRVzw4",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
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[
"people",
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[
"cattle",
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[
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}
],
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{
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],
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{
"derived": [
{
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"roman": "toshigashira",
"ruby": [
[
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"とし"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "kneecap",
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"ruby": [
[
"膝",
"ひざ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
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],
"word": "膝頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "maegashira, rank-and-file sumo wrestler",
"ruby": [
[
"前",
"まえ"
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[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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[
"頭",
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[
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"も"
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[
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "deaigashira",
"ruby": [
[
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],
[
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]
],
"word": "出会い頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "top 'net' radical",
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"ruby": [
[
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"あみ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "top 'thread' radical",
"roman": "ito-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"糸",
"いと"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "top 'old' radical",
"roman": "oi-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"老",
"おい"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "老頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "top 'hair' radical",
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"ruby": [
[
"髪",
"かみ"
],
[
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]
],
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},
{
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[
"彑",
"けい"
],
[
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"がしら"
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],
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},
{
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],
[
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],
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{
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[
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"がしら"
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],
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{
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[
"八",
"はち"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
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},
{
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"roman": "hatsu-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
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"はつ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "発頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
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"ruby": [
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
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"がしら"
]
],
"word": "人頭"
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],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
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],
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],
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],
[
"head",
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]
},
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],
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"頭",
"頭#Japanese"
],
[
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"boss"
],
[
"leader",
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]
},
{
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],
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"頭#Japanese"
],
[
"Chinese character",
"Chinese character"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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"頭#Japanese"
],
[
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"首#Japanese"
],
[
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[
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],
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],
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}
{
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{
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"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "被り",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "被",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "被り",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "被り",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "冠",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "冠",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "冠",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "冠",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "冠",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "冠",
"name": "m-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with and shift in meaning from かぶり (kaburi, “covering; hat, crown”), spelled in kanji as 被り or 冠.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かぶり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaburi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かぶり"
},
"expansion": "頭(かぶり) • (kaburi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "shake one's head (in denial)",
"roman": "kaburi o furu",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かぶり"
],
[
"振",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "頭を振る"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かぶり"
},
{
"other": "かぶり"
},
{
"other": "かぶり"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠bɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "株",
"2": "かぶ",
"3": "stump; root"
},
"expansion": "株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lump",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lump",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lump"
},
"expansion": "lump",
"name": "m-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with 株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”), from a general sense of lump.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かぶ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kabu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かぶ"
},
"expansion": "頭(かぶ) • (kabu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 7 16 9 2 9 19 1 3 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 11 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 6 15 9 2 9 19 1 2 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 12 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to tilt one's head; to dress or act in a strange or eccentric way to attract one's attention; to perform kabuki",
"roman": "kabuku",
"ruby": [
[
"傾",
"かぶ"
]
],
"word": "傾く"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) head"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠bɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "粒",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "粒",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "粒",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "粒",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "粒",
"3": "",
"4": "round thing",
"pos": "such as a grain",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubu"
},
"expansion": "粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禿ぶ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "禿",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禿ぶ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "禿",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "禿ぶ",
"3": "",
"4": "to go bald",
"pos": "from the idea of one's head becoming round",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubu"
},
"expansion": "禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubura",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "円ら",
"3": "",
"4": "round",
"pos": "adjective",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubura"
},
"expansion": "円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "潰れる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "潰",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "潰れる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "潰",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubureru",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "潰れる",
"3": "",
"4": "to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubureru"
},
"expansion": "潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubura",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "円ら",
"3": "",
"4": "round",
"pos": "adjective",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubura"
},
"expansion": "円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/a/"
},
"expansion": "/a/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/i/"
},
"expansion": "/i/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ら",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ら",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ら",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "ら",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "頭",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "頭",
"name": "lang-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ちぶる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ち",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ちぶる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ち",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chiburu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "ちぶる",
"3": "",
"alt": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Jpan",
"t": "head",
"tr": "chiburu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "ちぶる (chiburu, “head”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "ちぶる",
"3": "",
"4": "head",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "chiburu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”)",
"name": "cog-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with 粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain), 禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round), 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective), 潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”).\nSome sources derive this as a shift from 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective). However, the phonology and semantics for this do not fit (changing /a/ to /i/, and repurposing the adjectivizing suffix ら to instead form a noun). The modern verb tsubureru had the form tsuburu in older stages of the language. The tsuburi reading for 頭 may more likely represent a nominalization derived from this older verb, following normal patterns for creating nouns from verbs.\nCompare Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"つぶり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsuburi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つぶり"
},
"expansion": "頭(つぶり) • (tsuburi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝbɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Okinawan language",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "/b/"
},
"expansion": "/b/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/m/"
},
"expansion": "/m/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From tsuburi above. Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"つむり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つむり"
},
"expansion": "頭(つむり) • (tsumuri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hair of the head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-dYLE8fJt",
"links": [
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つむり"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 7,
"etymology_text": "Shortened from tsumuri above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"つむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つむ"
},
"expansion": "頭(つむ) • (tsumu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "head; otsumu, mainly used of an infant",
"ruby": [
[
"御",
"お"
],
[
"頭",
"つむ"
]
],
"word": "御頭"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 8,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "/kamipe/"
},
"expansion": "/kamipe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/kampe/"
},
"expansion": "/kampe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/kaube/"
},
"expansion": "/kaube/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/kɔːbe/"
},
"expansion": "/kɔːbe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/koːbe/"
},
"expansion": "/koːbe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kami",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "k",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上",
"3": "",
"4": "upper",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kami"
},
"expansion": "上 (kami, “upper”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "髪",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "髪",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "髪",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "髪",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kami",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "k",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "髪",
"3": "",
"4": "hair",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kami"
},
"expansion": "髪 (kami, “hair”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "方",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "方",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "方",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "方",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pe",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "p",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "方",
"3": "",
"4": "location, direction",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "pe"
},
"expansion": "方 (pe, “location, direction”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "頭",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kabu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "k",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "頭",
"4": "head",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kabu"
},
"expansion": "頭 (kabu, “head”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "u",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上",
"3": "",
"4": "up",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ue"
},
"expansion": "上 (ue, “up”)",
"name": "m-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kamipe/ → /kampe/ → /kaube/ → /kɔːbe/ → /koːbe/\nCompound of either 上 (kami, “upper”) or 髪 (kami, “hair”) (likely cognates) with the suffix 方 (pe, “location, direction”).\nAlternatively, may be an alteration from 頭 (kabu, “head”) + 上 (ue, “up”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"こうべ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōbe",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kaube",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "かうべ",
"roman": "kaube",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうべ",
"hhira": "かうべ"
},
"expansion": "頭(こうべ) • (kōbe) ^(←かうべ (kaube)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "skull",
"ruby": [
[
"髑",
"され"
],
[
"髏",
"こうべ"
]
],
"word": "髑髏"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーべ"
},
{
"other": "こーべ"
},
{
"other": "こーべ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːbe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 9,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ど",
"3": "頭",
"pos1": "often used ironically as a derogatory prefix",
"sort": "とたま'",
"t1": "super-",
"t2": "head",
"tr1": "do",
"tr2": "atama"
},
"expansion": "ど (do-, “super-”, often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) + 頭 (atama, “head”)",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of ど (do-, “super-”, often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) + 頭 (atama, “head”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"どたま"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dotama",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どたま"
},
"expansion": "頭(どたま) • (dotama)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 7 16 9 2 9 19 1 3 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 11 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 6 15 9 2 9 19 1 2 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 12 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms prefixed with ど",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) head"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どたま"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞ta̠ma̠]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 10,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "/du/"
},
"expansion": "/du/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/d͡zu/"
},
"expansion": "/d͡zu/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/zu/"
},
"expansion": "/zu/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"allow family": "1",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭 (MC duw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "呉音",
"3": "goon"
},
"expansion": "goon",
"name": "ll"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/du/ → /d͡zu/ → /zu/\nFrom Middle Chinese 頭 (MC duw). The goon reading, so likely an earlier borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づ",
"roman": "du",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ず",
"hhira": "づ"
},
"expansion": "頭(ず) • (zu) ^(←づ (du)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "haughty",
"roman": "zu ga takai",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
],
[
"高",
"たか"
]
],
"word": "頭が高い"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ず"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle Chinese language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"allow family": "1",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭 (MC duw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢音",
"3": "kan'on"
},
"expansion": "kan'on",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/d/"
},
"expansion": "/d/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/t/"
},
"expansion": "/t/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 頭 (MC duw). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Mandarin reading tóu, Cantonese tau⁴, Min Nan tao⁵.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter",
"2": "とう"
},
"expansion": "頭(とう) • (-tō)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ittō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "一頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nitō",
"ruby": [
[
"二",
"に"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "二頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "santō",
"ruby": [
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "三頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yontō",
"ruby": [
[
"四",
"よん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "四頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gotō",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "五頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rokutō",
"ruby": [
[
"六",
"ろく"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "六頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shichitō",
"ruby": [
[
"七",
"なな"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"七",
"しち"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "七頭七頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hachitō",
"ruby": [
[
"八",
"はっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"八",
"はち"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "八頭八頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kyūtō",
"ruby": [
[
"九",
"きゅう"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "九頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jittō",
"ruby": [
[
"十",
"じゅっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"十",
"じっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "十頭十頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hyakutō",
"ruby": [
[
"百",
"ひゃく"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "百頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sentō",
"ruby": [
[
"千",
"せん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "千頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ichimantō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いち"
],
[
"万",
"まん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "一万頭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nantō",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "何頭"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 27 3 21 25 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 4 13 6 2 3 14 0 3 1 4 8 4 4 1 4 4 8 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 7 16 9 2 9 19 1 3 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 11 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 6 15 9 2 9 19 1 2 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 1 12 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 5 24 6 2 3 14 1 4 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "ja:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Altogether over 1300 head of cattle have been distributed throughout the country.",
"roman": "Awasete sensanbyaku tō amari ga shukka sare, zenkoku kakuchi ni ryūtsū shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"合",
"あ"
],
[
"1300",
"せんさんびゃく"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"余",
"あま"
],
[
"出",
"しゅっ"
],
[
"荷",
"か"
],
[
"全",
"ぜん"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"各",
"かく"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"text": "合わせて 1300 頭余りが出荷され、全国各地に流通した。"
},
{
"english": "three polar bears",
"roman": "santō no Hokkyokuguma",
"ruby": [
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"北",
"ホッ"
],
[
"極",
"キョク"
],
[
"熊",
"グマ"
]
],
"text": "三頭の北極熊"
},
{
"english": "one sheep",
"roman": "ittō no hitsuji",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"羊",
"ヒツジ"
]
],
"text": "一頭の羊"
}
],
"glosses": [
"counter for certain relatively large animals, or for livestock animals; \"head\""
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-counter-qJGs1qBR",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 27 3 21 25 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese counters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"counter for insects (used only in biology)"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-counter-87obWWA8",
"links": [
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantonese language",
"Mandarin language",
"Middle Chinese language",
"Min Nan language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"allow family": "1",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭 (MC duw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢音",
"3": "kan'on"
},
"expansion": "kan'on",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/d/"
},
"expansion": "/d/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/t/"
},
"expansion": "/t/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 頭 (MC duw). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Mandarin reading tóu, Cantonese tau⁴, Min Nan tao⁵.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とう"
},
"expansion": "頭(とう) • (tō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kurōdo no tō",
"ruby": [
[
"蔵",
"くろ"
],
[
"人",
"うどの"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "蔵人頭"
},
{
"roman": "tō no chūjō",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とうの"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"将",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "頭中将"
},
{
"roman": "tō no ben",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とうの"
],
[
"弁",
"べん"
]
],
"word": "頭弁"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"id": "en-頭-ja-noun-ny5tM6Nx1",
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantonese language",
"Mandarin language",
"Middle Chinese language",
"Min Nan language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 2 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading ず",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading づ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading とう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading かうべ",
"Japanese kanji with historical tōon reading ぢゆう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading とう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading と",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あたま",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かしら",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かぶり",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading かみ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading こうべ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading ほとり",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading かぶ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading かぶし",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading かみ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading ちゃん",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading つぶり",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading つむ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading つむり",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading づ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading どたま",
"Japanese kanji with tōon reading じゅう",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "skull, cranium",
"roman": "tōgaikotsu",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"蓋",
"がい"
],
[
"骨",
"こつ"
]
],
"word": "頭蓋骨"
},
{
"english": "distinguishing oneself",
"roman": "tōkaku",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"角",
"かく"
]
],
"word": "頭角"
},
{
"english": "brain (intellect)",
"roman": "zunō",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
],
[
"脳",
"のう"
]
],
"word": "頭脳"
},
{
"english": "underboss",
"roman": "wakagashira",
"ruby": [
[
"若",
"わか"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "若頭"
},
{
"english": "head, chief",
"roman": "tōryō",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"領",
"りょう"
]
],
"word": "頭領"
},
{
"english": "manjū",
"roman": "manjū, a type of bun typically with bean paste filling",
"ruby": [
[
"饅",
"まん"
],
[
"頭",
"じゅう"
]
],
"word": "饅頭"
},
{
"english": "dandruff",
"roman": "fuke",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ふ"
],
[
"垢",
"け"
]
],
"word": "頭垢"
},
{
"english": "headache",
"roman": "zutsū",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
],
[
"痛",
"つう"
]
],
"word": "頭痛"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"tags": [
"grade-2-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"counter for large animals"
],
"tags": [
"grade-2-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Manjū"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "inherited",
"sort": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"sort": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "天",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "玉",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "玉",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "玉",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "玉",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a tama",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "玉",
"lit": "heaven, sky + ball",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "a tama"
},
"expansion": "玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
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},
"expansion": "j",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
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{
"args": {
"1": "天",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "天",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "天",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当てる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当て",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当てる",
"3": "当て",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "当て",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
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{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ate ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"lit": "putting something in contact + space, gap",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ate ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "m",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"sc": "Jpan",
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},
"expansion": "間 (ma)",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "g",
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{
"args": {
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},
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{
"args": {
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"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "g",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gap"
},
"expansion": "gap",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "space",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "s",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
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{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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"2": "1"
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"expansion": "s",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "space"
},
"expansion": "space",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "貴",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ate ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"lit": "noble + space",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ate ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "間",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "間",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ma",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "m",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "間",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ma"
},
"expansion": "間 (ma)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "貴",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "貴",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ate",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "貴",
"3": "",
"4": "noble",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ate"
},
"expansion": "貴 (ate, “noble”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fontanelle"
},
"expansion": "fontanelle",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fontanelle",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "f",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fontanelle"
},
"expansion": "fontanelle",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "未",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "未然形",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "未",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mizenkei",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "m",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "未然形",
"3": "",
"4": "incomplete form",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "mizenkei"
},
"expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当つ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当つ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "atsu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当つ",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "atsu"
},
"expansion": "当つ (atsu)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当たる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "当たる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "当",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ataru",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "a",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当たる",
"3": "",
"4": "to touch, to come into contact",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ataru"
},
"expansion": "当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "当たる",
"3": "間",
"alt1": "当た",
"pos1": "possibly a fossilized <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">未然形</i> (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">当つ</i> (atsu), root of modern <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">当たる</i> (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)",
"t1": "not quite touching, not quite in contact",
"t2": "space, gap, opening",
"tr1": "ata",
"tr2": "ma"
},
"expansion": "当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) + 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Old Japanese. First cited in the ten-volume Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.\nUnknown derivation. Theories include:\n* Compound of 天玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”). This is problematic phonetically, as 天 appears historically as ama or ame, not as just a\n* Compound of 当て間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”), referring to the head as a moxibustion point. This is also problematic phonetically, as the shift from ate to ata necessitates a change in meaning of the underlying verb. This is also problematic semantically, as the 間 (ma) term refers more specifically to a gap or space.\n* Compound of 貴間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”), referring to the most important part of the body. However, the use of 間 (ma) in this way is again problematic. Moreover, 貴 (ate, “noble”) appears in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter dating to the 900s CE, while 頭 (atama) with a sense of fontanelle appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō dated 938 CE, leaving insufficient time for either the semantic or phonetic drift required.\nHistorically, this term first appears with a sense of fontanelle, in reference to the soft place on the top of an infant's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused. As such, a more likely derivation might be as a compound of 当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) + 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "atama",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あたま"
},
"expansion": "頭(あたま) • (atama)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "bright, intelligent",
"roman": "atama ga ii",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"良",
"い"
]
],
"word": "頭が良い"
},
{
"english": "stupid, intellectually challenged",
"roman": "atama ga warui",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"悪",
"わる"
]
],
"word": "頭が悪い"
},
{
"roman": "atama ga katai",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"固",
"かた"
]
],
"word": "頭が固い"
},
{
"roman": "atama ni kuru",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"来",
"く"
]
],
"word": "頭に来る"
},
{
"roman": "atama ga kireru",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"切",
"き"
]
],
"word": "頭が切れる"
},
{
"roman": "atama ni ukabu",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"浮",
"う"
]
],
"word": "頭に浮かぶ"
},
{
"roman": "atama ni ireru",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"入",
"い"
]
],
"word": "頭に入れる"
},
{
"roman": "atama ga okashī",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
]
],
"word": "頭がおかしい"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "My head hurts.",
"roman": "Atama ga itai.",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"あたま"
],
[
"痛",
"いた"
]
],
"text": "頭が痛い。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"head (body part)"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "びんた"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with archaic senses",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"ja:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"the fontanelle part of the skull"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"fontanelle",
"fontanelle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy, archaic, possibly obsolete) the fontanelle part of the skull"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete",
"possibly"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "あたま"
},
{
"other": "あたま"
},
{
"ipa": "[a̠ta̠ma̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Head",
"Old Japanese language",
"The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter",
"Wamyō Ruijushō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明",
"ja:頭"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
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{
"args": {
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"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "1"
},
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"name": "str left"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Old Japanese",
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
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{
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{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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"name": "str left"
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
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},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {
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{
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{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "inherited",
"sort": "かしら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かしら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Found as a standalone noun in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in the Kojiki, dating to 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かしら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-kashira",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter",
"2": "かしら"
},
"expansion": "頭(かしら) • (-kashira)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a head, as when counting people, or cattle or other livestock"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
],
[
"livestock",
"livestock"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かしら"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɕiɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Old Japanese language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "oldest person",
"roman": "toshigashira",
"ruby": [
[
"年",
"とし"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "年頭"
},
{
"english": "kneecap",
"roman": "hizagashira",
"ruby": [
[
"膝",
"ひざ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "膝頭"
},
{
"english": "maegashira, rank-and-file sumo wrestler",
"ruby": [
[
"前",
"まえ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "前頭"
},
{
"roman": "kashiramoji",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かしら"
],
[
"文",
"も"
],
[
"字",
"じ"
]
],
"word": "頭文字"
},
{
"roman": "deaigashira",
"ruby": [
[
"出会",
"であ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "出会い頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'net' radical",
"roman": "ami-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"網",
"あみ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "網頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'thread' radical",
"roman": "ito-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"糸",
"いと"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "糸頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'old' radical",
"roman": "oi-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"老",
"おい"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "老頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'hair' radical",
"roman": "kami-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"髪",
"かみ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "髪頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'pig's head' radical",
"roman": "kei-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"彑",
"けい"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "彑頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'tiger' radical",
"roman": "tora-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"虎",
"とら"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "虎頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'winter' radical",
"roman": "fuyu-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"冬",
"ふゆ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "冬頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'eight' radical",
"roman": "hachi-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"八",
"はち"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "八頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'dotted tent' radical",
"roman": "hatsu-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"発",
"はつ"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "発頭"
},
{
"english": "top 'person' radical",
"roman": "hito-gashira",
"ruby": [
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"頭",
"がしら"
]
],
"word": "人頭"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "o",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "inherited",
"sort": "かしら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かしら"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Found as a standalone noun in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in the Kojiki, dating to 712 CE.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かしら"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kashira",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かしら"
},
"expansion": "頭(かしら) • (kashira)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"頭: the head as a whole"
],
"links": [
[
"頭",
"頭#Japanese"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"頭: boss, leader"
],
"links": [
[
"頭",
"頭#Japanese"
],
[
"boss",
"boss"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"頭: top part of a Chinese character"
],
"links": [
[
"頭",
"頭#Japanese"
],
[
"Chinese character",
"Chinese character"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"頭, 首: the head of a doll"
],
"links": [
[
"頭",
"頭#Japanese"
],
[
"首",
"首#Japanese"
],
[
"head",
"head"
],
[
"doll",
"doll"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かしら"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɕiɾa̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Kojiki",
"Man'yōshū",
"Old Japanese language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かぶり",
"2": "",
"3": "covering; hat, crown"
},
"expansion": "かぶり (kaburi, “covering; hat, crown”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "被り",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "被",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "被り",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "被",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "被り",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "被り",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "冠",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "冠",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "冠",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "冠",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "冠",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "冠",
"name": "m-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with and shift in meaning from かぶり (kaburi, “covering; hat, crown”), spelled in kanji as 被り or 冠.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かぶり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaburi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かぶり"
},
"expansion": "頭(かぶり) • (kaburi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "shake one's head (in denial)",
"roman": "kaburi o furu",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かぶり"
],
[
"振",
"ふ"
]
],
"word": "頭を振る"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かぶり"
},
{
"other": "かぶり"
},
{
"other": "かぶり"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠bɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to tilt one's head; to dress or act in a strange or eccentric way to attract one's attention; to perform kabuki",
"roman": "kabuku",
"ruby": [
[
"傾",
"かぶ"
]
],
"word": "傾く"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "株",
"2": "かぶ",
"3": "stump; root"
},
"expansion": "株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lump",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "e",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lump",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lump"
},
"expansion": "lump",
"name": "m-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with 株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”), from a general sense of lump.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"かぶ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kabu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かぶ"
},
"expansion": "頭(かぶ) • (kabu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) head"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ka̠bɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "粒",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "粒",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "粒",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "粒",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "粒",
"3": "",
"4": "round thing",
"pos": "such as a grain",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubu"
},
"expansion": "粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禿ぶ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "禿",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "禿ぶ",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "禿",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "禿ぶ",
"3": "",
"4": "to go bald",
"pos": "from the idea of one's head becoming round",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubu"
},
"expansion": "禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubura",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "円ら",
"3": "",
"4": "round",
"pos": "adjective",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubura"
},
"expansion": "円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "潰れる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "潰",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "潰れる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "潰",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubureru",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "潰れる",
"3": "",
"4": "to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubureru"
},
"expansion": "潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "円ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "円",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tsubura",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "t",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "円ら",
"3": "",
"4": "round",
"pos": "adjective",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "tsubura"
},
"expansion": "円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/a/"
},
"expansion": "/a/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/i/"
},
"expansion": "/i/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ら",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ら",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ら",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ら",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "ら",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "頭",
"sc": "Jpan"
},
"expansion": "頭",
"name": "lang-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ちぶる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ち",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "r",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ちぶる",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "ち",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chiburu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "ちぶる",
"3": "",
"alt": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "Jpan",
"t": "head",
"tr": "chiburu",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "ちぶる (chiburu, “head”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "ちぶる",
"3": "",
"4": "head",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "chiburu"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”)",
"name": "cog-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Cognate with 粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain), 禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round), 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective), 潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”).\nSome sources derive this as a shift from 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective). However, the phonology and semantics for this do not fit (changing /a/ to /i/, and repurposing the adjectivizing suffix ら to instead form a noun). The modern verb tsubureru had the form tsuburu in older stages of the language. The tsuburi reading for 頭 may more likely represent a nominalization derived from this older verb, following normal patterns for creating nouns from verbs.\nCompare Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"つぶり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsuburi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つぶり"
},
"expansion": "頭(つぶり) • (tsuburi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝbɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Okinawan language",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 6,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "/b/"
},
"expansion": "/b/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/m/"
},
"expansion": "/m/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From tsuburi above. Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"つむり"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumuri",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つむり"
},
"expansion": "頭(つむり) • (tsumuri)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hair of the head"
],
"links": [
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "つむり"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝɾʲi]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "head; otsumu, mainly used of an infant",
"ruby": [
[
"御",
"お"
],
[
"頭",
"つむ"
]
],
"word": "御頭"
}
],
"etymology_number": 7,
"etymology_text": "Shortened from tsumuri above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"つむ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tsumu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "つむ"
},
"expansion": "頭(つむ) • (tsumu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[t͡sɨᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "skull",
"ruby": [
[
"髑",
"され"
],
[
"髏",
"こうべ"
]
],
"word": "髑髏"
}
],
"etymology_number": 8,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "/kamipe/"
},
"expansion": "/kamipe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/kampe/"
},
"expansion": "/kampe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/kaube/"
},
"expansion": "/kaube/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/kɔːbe/"
},
"expansion": "/kɔːbe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/koːbe/"
},
"expansion": "/koːbe/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kami",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "k",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上",
"3": "",
"4": "upper",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kami"
},
"expansion": "上 (kami, “upper”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "髪",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "髪",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "髪",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "髪",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kami",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "k",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "髪",
"3": "",
"4": "hair",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kami"
},
"expansion": "髪 (kami, “hair”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "方",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "方",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "方",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "方",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pe",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "p",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "方",
"3": "",
"4": "location, direction",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "pe"
},
"expansion": "方 (pe, “location, direction”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "頭",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kabu",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "k",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "",
"3": "頭",
"4": "head",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "kabu"
},
"expansion": "頭 (kabu, “head”)",
"name": "m-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "上",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "上",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "u",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "上",
"3": "",
"4": "up",
"sc": "Jpan",
"tr": "ue"
},
"expansion": "上 (ue, “up”)",
"name": "m-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kamipe/ → /kampe/ → /kaube/ → /kɔːbe/ → /koːbe/\nCompound of either 上 (kami, “upper”) or 髪 (kami, “hair”) (likely cognates) with the suffix 方 (pe, “location, direction”).\nAlternatively, may be an alteration from 頭 (kabu, “head”) + 上 (ue, “up”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"こうべ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kōbe",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kaube",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "かうべ",
"roman": "kaube",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こうべ",
"hhira": "かうべ"
},
"expansion": "頭(こうべ) • (kōbe) ^(←かうべ (kaube)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "こーべ"
},
{
"other": "こーべ"
},
{
"other": "こーべ"
},
{
"ipa": "[ko̞ːbe̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms prefixed with ど",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 9,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ど",
"3": "頭",
"pos1": "often used ironically as a derogatory prefix",
"sort": "とたま'",
"t1": "super-",
"t2": "head",
"tr1": "do",
"tr2": "atama"
},
"expansion": "ど (do-, “super-”, often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) + 頭 (atama, “head”)",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Contraction of ど (do-, “super-”, often used ironically as a derogatory prefix) + 頭 (atama, “head”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"どたま"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dotama",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "どたま"
},
"expansion": "頭(どたま) • (dotama)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese derogatory terms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"head",
"head"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) head"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "どたま"
},
{
"ipa": "[do̞ta̠ma̠]"
}
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with づ",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 10,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "/du/"
},
"expansion": "/du/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/d͡zu/"
},
"expansion": "/d͡zu/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/zu/"
},
"expansion": "/zu/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"allow family": "1",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭 (MC duw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "呉音",
"3": "goon"
},
"expansion": "goon",
"name": "ll"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/du/ → /d͡zu/ → /zu/\nFrom Middle Chinese 頭 (MC duw). The goon reading, so likely an earlier borrowing.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "zu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "づ",
"roman": "du",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ず",
"hhira": "づ"
},
"expansion": "頭(ず) • (zu) ^(←づ (du)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "haughty",
"roman": "zu ga takai",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"ず"
],
[
"高",
"たか"
]
],
"word": "頭が高い"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ず"
},
{
"ipa": "[d͡zɨᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle Chinese language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"allow family": "1",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭 (MC duw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢音",
"3": "kan'on"
},
"expansion": "kan'on",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/d/"
},
"expansion": "/d/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/t/"
},
"expansion": "/t/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 頭 (MC duw). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Mandarin reading tóu, Cantonese tau⁴, Min Nan tao⁵.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "counter",
"2": "とう"
},
"expansion": "頭(とう) • (-tō)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "counter",
"related": [
{
"roman": "ittō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "一頭"
},
{
"roman": "nitō",
"ruby": [
[
"二",
"に"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "二頭"
},
{
"roman": "santō",
"ruby": [
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "三頭"
},
{
"roman": "yontō",
"ruby": [
[
"四",
"よん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "四頭"
},
{
"roman": "gotō",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "五頭"
},
{
"roman": "rokutō",
"ruby": [
[
"六",
"ろく"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "六頭"
},
{
"roman": "shichitō",
"ruby": [
[
"七",
"なな"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"七",
"しち"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "七頭七頭"
},
{
"roman": "hachitō",
"ruby": [
[
"八",
"はっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"八",
"はち"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "八頭八頭"
},
{
"roman": "kyūtō",
"ruby": [
[
"九",
"きゅう"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "九頭"
},
{
"roman": "jittō",
"ruby": [
[
"十",
"じゅっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"十",
"じっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "十頭十頭"
},
{
"roman": "hyakutō",
"ruby": [
[
"百",
"ひゃく"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "百頭"
},
{
"roman": "sentō",
"ruby": [
[
"千",
"せん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "千頭"
},
{
"roman": "ichimantō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いち"
],
[
"万",
"まん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "一万頭"
},
{
"roman": "nantō",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "何頭"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Altogether over 1300 head of cattle have been distributed throughout the country.",
"roman": "Awasete sensanbyaku tō amari ga shukka sare, zenkoku kakuchi ni ryūtsū shita.",
"ruby": [
[
"合",
"あ"
],
[
"1300",
"せんさんびゃく"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"余",
"あま"
],
[
"出",
"しゅっ"
],
[
"荷",
"か"
],
[
"全",
"ぜん"
],
[
"国",
"こく"
],
[
"各",
"かく"
],
[
"地",
"ち"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
],
[
"通",
"つう"
]
],
"text": "合わせて 1300 頭余りが出荷され、全国各地に流通した。"
},
{
"english": "three polar bears",
"roman": "santō no Hokkyokuguma",
"ruby": [
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"北",
"ホッ"
],
[
"極",
"キョク"
],
[
"熊",
"グマ"
]
],
"text": "三頭の北極熊"
},
{
"english": "one sheep",
"roman": "ittō no hitsuji",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
],
[
"羊",
"ヒツジ"
]
],
"text": "一頭の羊"
}
],
"glosses": [
"counter for certain relatively large animals, or for livestock animals; \"head\""
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"counter for insects (used only in biology)"
],
"links": [
[
"insect",
"insect"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantonese language",
"Mandarin language",
"Middle Chinese language",
"Min Nan language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese counters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 頭",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
"Pages using lite templates",
"ja:Anatomy",
"ja:Animals",
"yox:Anatomy",
"yox:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kurōdo no tō",
"ruby": [
[
"蔵",
"くろ"
],
[
"人",
"うどの"
],
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "蔵人頭"
},
{
"roman": "tō no chūjō",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とうの"
],
[
"中",
"ちゅう"
],
[
"将",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "頭中将"
},
{
"roman": "tō no ben",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とうの"
],
[
"弁",
"べん"
]
],
"word": "頭弁"
}
],
"etymology_number": 11,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "j",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja"
},
"expansion": "Japanese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "|",
"name": "!"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"allow family": "1",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite/lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "l",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "す'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "頭"
},
"expansion": "頭 (MC duw)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢音",
"3": "kan'on"
},
"expansion": "kan'on",
"name": "ll"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/d/"
},
"expansion": "/d/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "/t/"
},
"expansion": "/t/",
"name": "IPAchar-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "c",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cmn",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "y",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"allow etym": "1",
"allow family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "1"
},
"expansion": "n",
"name": "str left"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"is family": "1"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "langname-lite"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog-lite"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 頭 (MC duw). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Mandarin reading tóu, Cantonese tau⁴, Min Nan tao⁵.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "頭",
"ruby": [
[
"頭",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とう"
},
"expansion": "頭(とう) • (tō)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"head"
],
"links": [
[
"head",
"head"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cantonese language",
"Mandarin language",
"Middle Chinese language",
"Min Nan language"
],
"word": "頭"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "counter",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "counter",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"頭"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "頭",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.