"空" meaning in Japanese

See in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

  1. Tags: grade-1-kanji, kanji, no-gloss Derived forms: 空穂 (utsubo) (ruby: (うつ), ())
    Sense id: en-空-ja-character-47DEQpj8 Categories (other): Japanese terms with redundant transliterations
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): Grade 1 kanji Disambiguation of Grade 1 kanji: 0 0

Noun

IPA: [so̞ɾa̠] Forms: [canonical] (ruby: (そら)), sora [romanization]
Etymology: ⟨so₁ra⟩ → */sʷora/ → /sora/ From Old Japanese, presumably from Proto-Japonic *sora. Found in the Kojiki c. 712 CE. Etymology templates: {{IPAfont|⟨so₁ra⟩}} ⟨so₁ra⟩, {{IPAchar-lite|/sʷora/}} /sʷora/, {{IPAchar-lite|/sora/}} /sora/, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Old Japanese, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|is family=1}} Old Japanese, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Old Japanese, {{str left|ja|1}} j, {{langname-lite|ja}} Japanese, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Old Japanese, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|is family=1}} Old Japanese, {{!}} |, {{str left|ja|1}} j, {{langname-lite|ja}} Japanese, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Old Japanese, {{str left|ojp|1}} o, {{langname-lite|ojp|is family=1}} Old Japanese, {{!}} |, {{der-lite/lang|ja|ojp|inherited|sort=そら}} Old Japanese, {{inh-lite|ja|ojp|-|sort=そら}} Old Japanese, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|is family=1}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|ja|1}} j, {{langname-lite|ja}} Japanese, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|is family=1}} Proto-Japonic, {{!}} |, {{str left|ja|1}} j, {{langname-lite|ja}} Japanese, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|allow etym=1|allow family=}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro|is family=1}} Proto-Japonic, {{!}} |, {{der-lite/lang|ja|jpx-pro|inherited|sort=そら}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|*sora|1}} *, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro}} Proto-Japonic, {{str len-lite/core|*sora||ones}} 5, {{str len-lite|*sora}} 5, {{str left|*sora|2}} *s, {{str left|*sora|1}} *, {{str index-lite/logic|* *s*|*}} s, {{str_index-lite|*sora|2}} s, {{str left|*sora|3}} *so, {{str left|*sora|2}} *s, {{str index-lite/logic|* *so*|*s}} o, {{str_index-lite|*sora|3}} o, {{str left|*sora|4}} *sor, {{str left|*sora|3}} *so, {{str index-lite/logic|* *sor*|*so}} r, {{str_index-lite|*sora|4}} r, {{str left|*sora|5}} *sora, {{str left|*sora|4}} *sor, {{str index-lite/logic|* *sora*|*sor}} a, {{str_index-lite|*sora|5}} a, {{str sub-lite/2|*sora|5}} sora, {{str sub-lite|*sora|2}} sora, {{str left|jpx-pro|1}} j, {{langname-lite|jpx-pro}} Proto-Japonic, {{str left|*sora|1}} *, {{str len-lite/core|*sora||ones}} 5, {{str len-lite|*sora}} 5, {{str left|*sora|2}} *s, {{str left|*sora|1}} *, {{str index-lite/logic|* *s*|*}} s, {{str_index-lite|*sora|2}} s, {{str left|*sora|3}} *so, {{str left|*sora|2}} *s, {{str index-lite/logic|* *so*|*s}} o, {{str_index-lite|*sora|3}} o, {{str left|*sora|4}} *sor, {{str left|*sora|3}} *so, {{str index-lite/logic|* *sor*|*so}} r, {{str_index-lite|*sora|4}} r, {{str left|*sora|5}} *sora, {{str left|*sora|4}} *sor, {{str index-lite/logic|* *sora*|*sor}} a, {{str_index-lite|*sora|5}} a, {{str sub-lite/2|*sora|5}} sora, {{str sub-lite|*sora|2}} sora, {{m-lite|jpx-pro|*sora|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|pos=|sc=|tr=|ts=}} *sora, {{inh-lite|ja|jpx-pro|*sora|sort=そら}} Proto-Japonic *sora, {{C.E.|nodots=1}} CE, {{CE}} CE Head templates: {{ja-noun|そら}} 空(そら) • (sora)
  1. the sky Synonyms: Derived forms: 空色 (sorairo) (ruby: (そら), (いろ)), 空で (sorade) (ruby: (そら)), 青空 (aozora) (ruby: (あお), (ぞら)), 冬空 (fuyuzora) (ruby: (ふゆ), (ぞら)), 寒空 (samuzora) (ruby: (さむ), (ぞら))
    Sense id: en-空-ja-noun-6ZFUnITO Categories (other): Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: [kɯ̟ᵝː] Forms: [canonical] (ruby: (くう)), [romanization]
Etymology: From Middle Chinese 空 (MC khuwng|khuwngH). The Buddhist senses are a translation of Sanskrit शून्यता (śūnyatā). Etymology templates: {{str left|ltc|1}} l, {{langname-lite|ltc|allow etym=1|allow family=1}} Middle Chinese, {{str left|ltc|1}} l, {{langname-lite|ltc|is family=1}} Middle Chinese, {{str left|ltc|1}} l, {{langname-lite|ltc|allow etym=1|allow family=1}} Middle Chinese, {{str left|ja|1}} j, {{langname-lite|ja}} Japanese, {{str left|ltc|1}} l, {{langname-lite|ltc|allow etym=1|allow family=1}} Middle Chinese, {{str left|ltc|1}} l, {{langname-lite|ltc|is family=1}} Middle Chinese, {{!}} |, {{der-lite/lang|ja|ltc|allow family=1|sort=くう}} Middle Chinese, {{str left|ltc|1}} l, {{langname-lite|ltc|is family=1}} Middle Chinese, {{der-lite|ja|ltc|-|sort=くう}} Middle Chinese, {{ltc-l|空}} 空 (MC khuwng|khuwngH), {{der|ja|sa|शून्यता|sort=くう}} Sanskrit शून्यता (śūnyatā) Head templates: {{ja-noun|くう}} 空(くう) • (kū)
  1. empty air
    Sense id: en-空-ja-noun-WjQhXVcp
  2. meaninglessness
    Sense id: en-空-ja-noun-siymG1Rw
  3. (Buddhism) sunyata: emptiness, vacuity, awareness, openness, thusness Categories (topical): Buddhism
    Sense id: en-空-ja-noun-C5MXz1E8 Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 0 2 43 44 2 4 2 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 2 0 2 46 45 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 2 0 3 43 43 2 4 2 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 5 0 6 34 36 5 9 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 2 31 32 1 32 1 Topics: Buddhism, lifestyle, religion
  4. (Buddhism) void: one of the 五大 (godai, literally “great five”) and the highest of the five elements Categories (topical): Buddhism
    Sense id: en-空-ja-noun-okmY-Qyg Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with multiple readings, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 0 2 0 2 43 44 2 4 2 Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 2 0 2 46 45 2 3 2 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 2 0 3 43 43 2 4 2 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with multiple readings: 5 0 6 34 36 5 9 5 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 2 31 32 1 32 1 Topics: Buddhism, lifestyle, religion
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3 Derived forms: 空間 (kūkan) (ruby: (くう), (かん)), 空気 (kūki) (ruby: (くう), ()), 空虚 (kūkyo) (ruby: (くう), (きょ)), 空軍 (kūgun) (ruby: (くう), (ぐん)), 空港 (kūkō) (ruby: (くう), (こう)), 空席 (kūseki) (ruby: (くう), (せき)), 空前 (kūzen) (ruby: (くう), (ぜん)), 空想 (kūsō) (ruby: (くう), (そう)), 空中 (kūchū) (ruby: (くう), (ちゅう)), 空洞 (kūdō) (ruby: (くう), (どう)), 空白 (kūhaku) (ruby: (くう), (はく)), 空腹 (kūfuku) (ruby: (くう), (ふく)), 空輸 (kūyu) (ruby: (くう), ()), 空欄 (kūran) (ruby: (くう), (らん)), 架空 (kakū) (ruby: (), (くう)), 虚空 (kokū) (ruby: (), (くう)), 航空 (kōkū) (ruby: (こう), (くう)), 真空 (shinkū) (ruby: (しん), (くう)), 上空 (jōkū) (ruby: (じょう), (くう)), 航空便 (kōkūbin) (ruby: (こう), (くう), 便(びん))

Prefix

IPA: [ka̠ɾa̠] Forms: [canonical] (ruby: (から)), kara [romanization]
Etymology: Cognate with 殻 (kara, “shell”). Etymology templates: {{m|ja|殻||shell|tr=kara}} 殻 (kara, “shell”) Head templates: {{ja-noun|から}} 空(から) • (kara)
  1. something empty Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-空-ja-prefix-dTCAu4Ht
  2. ineffectual Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-空-ja-prefix-3g43Cugj Categories (other): Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 0 100 0 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 0 2 31 32 1 32 1
  3. false Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-空-ja-prefix-~LzxZZCN
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 空揚げ (karāge) (ruby: (から), ()), カラオケ (karaoke), 空元気 (karagenki) (ruby: (から), (げん), ()), 空手 (karate) (ruby: (から), ()), 空箱 (karabako) (ruby: (から), (ばこ)), 空っぽ (karappo) (ruby: (から))
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for 空 meaning in Japanese (20.4kB)

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Grade 1 kanji",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "utsubo",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "うつ"
            ],
            [
              "穂",
              "ぼ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "空穂"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "grade-1-kanji",
        "kanji",
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨so₁ra⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨so₁ra⟩",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/sʷora/"
      },
      "expansion": "/sʷora/",
      "name": "IPAchar-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/sora/"
      },
      "expansion": "/sora/",
      "name": "IPAchar-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "inherited",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "der-lite/lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "inherited",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "der-lite/lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ones"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite/core"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*s*",
        "2": "*"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*so*",
        "2": "*s"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sor*",
        "2": "*so"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "*sora",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sora*",
        "2": "*sor"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite/2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ones"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite/core"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*s*",
        "2": "*"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*so*",
        "2": "*s"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sor*",
        "2": "*so"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "*sora",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sora*",
        "2": "*sor"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite/2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "*sora",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*sora",
      "name": "m-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*sora",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *sora",
      "name": "inh-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "⟨so₁ra⟩ → */sʷora/ → /sora/\nFrom Old Japanese, presumably from Proto-Japonic *sora.\nFound in the Kojiki c. 712 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "空",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "そら"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sora",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "空(そら) • (sora)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "sorairo",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "そら"
            ],
            [
              "色",
              "いろ"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "空色"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sorade",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "そら"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "空で"
        },
        {
          "roman": "aozora",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "青",
              "あお"
            ],
            [
              "空",
              "ぞら"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "青空"
        },
        {
          "roman": "fuyuzora",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "冬",
              "ふゆ"
            ],
            [
              "空",
              "ぞら"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "冬空"
        },
        {
          "roman": "samuzora",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "寒",
              "さむ"
            ],
            [
              "空",
              "ぞら"
            ]
          ],
          "word": "寒空"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "the sky"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-noun-6ZFUnITO",
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "天"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "そら"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[so̞ɾa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kojiki",
    "Old Japanese language",
    "Proto-Japonic language"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karāge",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "揚",
          "あ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空揚げ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karaoke",
      "word": "カラオケ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karagenki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "元",
          "げん"
        ],
        [
          "気",
          "き"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空元気"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karate",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "手",
          "て"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空手"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karabako",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "箱",
          "ばこ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空箱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "karappo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空っぽ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "殻",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shell",
        "tr": "kara"
      },
      "expansion": "殻 (kara, “shell”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with 殻 (kara, “shell”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "空",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kara",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "から"
      },
      "expansion": "空(から) • (kara)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "empty box",
          "roman": "karabako",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "から"
            ],
            [
              "箱",
              "ばこ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "空箱"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "something empty"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-prefix-dTCAu4Ht",
      "links": [
        [
          "empty",
          "empty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "0 100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 31 32 1 32 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "in vain",
          "roman": "karaburi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "から"
            ],
            [
              "振",
              "ぶ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "空振り"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ineffectual"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-prefix-3g43Cugj",
      "links": [
        [
          "ineffectual",
          "ineffectual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "false vigor, bravado",
          "roman": "karagenki",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "から"
            ],
            [
              "元",
              "げん"
            ],
            [
              "気",
              "き"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "空元気"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "false"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-prefix-~LzxZZCN",
      "links": [
        [
          "false",
          "false"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "から"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠ɾa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūkan",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "間",
          "かん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空間"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "気",
          "き"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空気"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūkyo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "虚",
          "きょ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空虚"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūgun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "軍",
          "ぐん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空軍"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūkō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "港",
          "こう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空港"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūseki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "席",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空席"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūzen",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "前",
          "ぜん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空前"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūsō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "想",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空想"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūchū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空中"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūdō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "洞",
          "どう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空洞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūhaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "白",
          "はく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空白"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūfuku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "腹",
          "ふく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空腹"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūyu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "輸",
          "ゆ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空輸"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kūran",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "欄",
          "らん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空欄"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kakū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "架",
          "か"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "架空"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kokū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "虚",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "虚空"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kōkū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "航",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "航空"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "shinkū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "真",
          "しん"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "真空"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "jōkū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "上空"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kōkūbin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "航",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "便",
          "びん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "航空便"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "allow family": "1",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der-lite/lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "空"
      },
      "expansion": "空 (MC khuwng|khuwngH)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "शून्यता",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शून्यता (śūnyatā)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 空 (MC khuwng|khuwngH).\nThe Buddhist senses are a translation of Sanskrit शून्यता (śūnyatā).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "空",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "空(くう) • (kū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "empty air"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-noun-WjQhXVcp",
      "links": [
        [
          "empty",
          "empty"
        ],
        [
          "air",
          "air"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "meaninglessness"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-noun-siymG1Rw",
      "links": [
        [
          "meaninglessness",
          "meaninglessness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Buddhism",
          "orig": "ja:Buddhism",
          "parents": [
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 0 2 43 44 2 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 0 2 46 45 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 0 3 43 43 2 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 0 6 34 36 5 9 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 31 32 1 32 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sunyata: emptiness, vacuity, awareness, openness, thusness"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-noun-C5MXz1E8",
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "sunyata",
          "sunyata"
        ],
        [
          "emptiness",
          "emptiness"
        ],
        [
          "vacuity",
          "vacuity"
        ],
        [
          "awareness",
          "awareness"
        ],
        [
          "openness",
          "openness"
        ],
        [
          "thusness",
          "thusness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) sunyata: emptiness, vacuity, awareness, openness, thusness"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Buddhism",
          "orig": "ja:Buddhism",
          "parents": [
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 0 2 43 44 2 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 0 2 46 45 2 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 0 3 43 43 2 4 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 0 6 34 36 5 9 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 2 31 32 1 32 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "void: one of the 五大 (godai, literally “great five”) and the highest of the five elements"
      ],
      "id": "en-空-ja-noun-okmY-Qyg",
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "五大",
          "五大#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "great",
          "great"
        ],
        [
          "five",
          "five"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) void: one of the 五大 (godai, literally “great five”) and the highest of the five elements"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くう"
    },
    {
      "other": "くう"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝː]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Middle Chinese language"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Grade 1 kanji",
    "Japanese Han characters",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading く",
    "Japanese kanji with goon reading くう",
    "Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こう",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading あ-く",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading あ-ける",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading あな",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading うつ",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading うつ-ける",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading うつ-ろ",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading うつお",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading うつぼ",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading うろ",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading から",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading す-く",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading そら",
    "Japanese kanji with kun reading むな-しい",
    "Japanese kanji with nanori reading たか",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 空",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "utsubo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "うつ"
        ],
        [
          "穂",
          "ぼ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空穂"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "grade-1-kanji",
        "kanji",
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 空",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "sorairo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "そら"
        ],
        [
          "色",
          "いろ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空色"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sorade",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "そら"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空で"
    },
    {
      "roman": "aozora",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "青",
          "あお"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "ぞら"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "青空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "fuyuzora",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "冬",
          "ふゆ"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "ぞら"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "冬空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "samuzora",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "寒",
          "さむ"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "ぞら"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "寒空"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "⟨so₁ra⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "⟨so₁ra⟩",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/sʷora/"
      },
      "expansion": "/sʷora/",
      "name": "IPAchar-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "/sora/"
      },
      "expansion": "/sora/",
      "name": "IPAchar-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ojp",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "inherited",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "der-lite/lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "inherited",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "der-lite/lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ones"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite/core"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*s*",
        "2": "*"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*so*",
        "2": "*s"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sor*",
        "2": "*so"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "*sora",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sora*",
        "2": "*sor"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite/2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "",
        "3": "ones"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite/core"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora"
      },
      "expansion": "5",
      "name": "str len-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "*",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*s*",
        "2": "*"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "s",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "*s",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*so*",
        "2": "*s"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "o",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "3"
      },
      "expansion": "*so",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sor*",
        "2": "*so"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "r",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "*sora",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "4"
      },
      "expansion": "*sor",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*\n*sora*",
        "2": "*sor"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str index-lite/logic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "a",
      "name": "str_index-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "5"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite/2"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*sora",
        "2": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "sora",
      "name": "str sub-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "jpx-pro",
        "2": "*sora",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*sora",
      "name": "m-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "jpx-pro",
        "3": "*sora",
        "sort": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Japonic *sora",
      "name": "inh-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "nodots": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "C.E."
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "CE",
      "name": "CE"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "⟨so₁ra⟩ → */sʷora/ → /sora/\nFrom Old Japanese, presumably from Proto-Japonic *sora.\nFound in the Kojiki c. 712 CE.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "空",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "そら"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sora",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "そら"
      },
      "expansion": "空(そら) • (sora)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the sky"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sky",
          "sky"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "天"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "そら"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[so̞ɾa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kojiki",
    "Old Japanese language",
    "Proto-Japonic language"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 空",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "karāge",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "揚",
          "あ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空揚げ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karaoke",
      "word": "カラオケ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karagenki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "元",
          "げん"
        ],
        [
          "気",
          "き"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空元気"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karate",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "手",
          "て"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空手"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karabako",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ],
        [
          "箱",
          "ばこ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空箱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karappo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空っぽ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "殻",
        "3": "",
        "4": "shell",
        "tr": "kara"
      },
      "expansion": "殻 (kara, “shell”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Cognate with 殻 (kara, “shell”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "空",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "から"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kara",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "から"
      },
      "expansion": "空(から) • (kara)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "empty box",
          "roman": "karabako",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "から"
            ],
            [
              "箱",
              "ばこ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "空箱"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "something empty"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "empty",
          "empty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "in vain",
          "roman": "karaburi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "から"
            ],
            [
              "振",
              "ぶ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "空振り"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ineffectual"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ineffectual",
          "ineffectual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "false vigor, bravado",
          "roman": "karagenki",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "空",
              "から"
            ],
            [
              "元",
              "げん"
            ],
            [
              "気",
              "き"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "空元気"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "false"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "false",
          "false"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "から"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ka̠ɾa̠]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese single-kanji terms",
    "Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
    "Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms spelled with 空",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "kūkan",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "間",
          "かん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空間"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "気",
          "き"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空気"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūkyo",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "虚",
          "きょ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空虚"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūgun",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "軍",
          "ぐん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空軍"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūkō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "港",
          "こう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空港"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūseki",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "席",
          "せき"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空席"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūzen",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "前",
          "ぜん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空前"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūsō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "想",
          "そう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空想"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūchū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "中",
          "ちゅう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空中"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūdō",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "洞",
          "どう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空洞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūhaku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "白",
          "はく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空白"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūfuku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "腹",
          "ふく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空腹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūyu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "輸",
          "ゆ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空輸"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kūran",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "欄",
          "らん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "空欄"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kakū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "架",
          "か"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "架空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kokū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "虚",
          "こ"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "虚空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kōkū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "航",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "航空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shinkū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "真",
          "しん"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "真空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jōkū",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "上",
          "じょう"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "上空"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kōkūbin",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "航",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ],
        [
          "便",
          "びん"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "航空便"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "j",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja"
      },
      "expansion": "Japanese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "allow etym": "1",
        "allow family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "|",
      "name": "!"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "allow family": "1",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der-lite/lang"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "2": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "l",
      "name": "str left"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ltc",
        "is family": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "langname-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ltc",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Chinese",
      "name": "der-lite"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "空"
      },
      "expansion": "空 (MC khuwng|khuwngH)",
      "name": "ltc-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "शून्यता",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit शून्यता (śūnyatā)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 空 (MC khuwng|khuwngH).\nThe Buddhist senses are a translation of Sanskrit शून्यता (śūnyatā).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "空",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "空",
          "くう"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kū",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "空(くう) • (kū)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "empty air"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "empty",
          "empty"
        ],
        [
          "air",
          "air"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "meaninglessness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "meaninglessness",
          "meaninglessness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Buddhism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sunyata: emptiness, vacuity, awareness, openness, thusness"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "sunyata",
          "sunyata"
        ],
        [
          "emptiness",
          "emptiness"
        ],
        [
          "vacuity",
          "vacuity"
        ],
        [
          "awareness",
          "awareness"
        ],
        [
          "openness",
          "openness"
        ],
        [
          "thusness",
          "thusness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) sunyata: emptiness, vacuity, awareness, openness, thusness"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "ja:Buddhism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "void: one of the 五大 (godai, literally “great five”) and the highest of the five elements"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "五大",
          "五大#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "great",
          "great"
        ],
        [
          "five",
          "five"
        ],
        [
          "element",
          "element"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Buddhism) void: one of the 五大 (godai, literally “great five”) and the highest of the five elements"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Buddhism",
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くう"
    },
    {
      "other": "くう"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝː]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Middle Chinese language"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "うろ"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "虚"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using lite templates"
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "うつぼ"
  ],
  "word": "空"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "空"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "空",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "空"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "prefix",
  "title": "空",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "空"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "空",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
  "msg": "空/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"categories\": [\"Pages using lite templates\"], \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"うろ\"], \"word\": \"空\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "soft-redirect",
  "title": "空",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
  "msg": "空/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"categories\": [\"Pages using lite templates\"], \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"虚\"], \"word\": \"空\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "soft-redirect",
  "title": "空",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
  "msg": "空/Japanese/soft-redirect: missing \"senses\" in data (must have at least one sense, add empty sense with \"no-gloss\" tag if none otherwise available): {\"categories\": [\"Pages using lite templates\"], \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"lang_code\": \"ja\", \"pos\": \"soft-redirect\", \"redirects\": [\"うつぼ\"], \"word\": \"空\"}",
  "path": [],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "soft-redirect",
  "title": "空",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.