See 改善 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "kaiaku",
"ruby": [
[
"改悪",
"かいあく"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of “improvement”",
"word": "改悪"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "改善",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かいぜん"
},
"expansion": "改(かい)善(ぜん) • (kaizen)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jōtatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"上達",
"じょうたつ"
]
],
"word": "上達"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kairyō",
"ruby": [
[
"改良",
"かいりょう"
]
],
"word": "改良"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 36 3 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 22 18 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 4 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 36 2 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"improvement, an action taken to improve"
],
"id": "en-改善-ja-noun-FIuuZYW4",
"links": [
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 36 3 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 22 18 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 4 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 36 2 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"improvement, a spontaneous change for the better"
],
"id": "en-改善-ja-noun-8tOmdPDz"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かいぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠izẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "改善"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "改善する",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "改善し",
"roman": "kaizen shi",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "改善した",
"roman": "kaizen shita",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "改善し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改善する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改善すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改善せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "改善しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "改善させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "改善しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "改善しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "改善した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "改善して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "改善すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 22 18 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to improve, to make better"
],
"id": "en-改善-ja-verb-tzseOgR-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to improve, to make better"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 36 3 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 22 18 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 35 4 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 35 4 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 36 2 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the symptoms improve",
"roman": "shōjō ga kaizen suru",
"ruby": [
[
"症状",
"しょうじょう"
],
[
"改善",
"かいぜん"
]
],
"text": "症状が改善する",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for something to improve on its own"
],
"id": "en-改善-ja-verb-XuXcB-bt",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) for something to improve on its own"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かいぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠izẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "改善"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "kaiaku",
"ruby": [
[
"改悪",
"かいあく"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of “improvement”",
"word": "改悪"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "改善",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かいぜん"
},
"expansion": "改(かい)善(ぜん) • (kaizen)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "jōtatsu",
"ruby": [
[
"上達",
"じょうたつ"
]
],
"word": "上達"
},
{
"roman": "kairyō",
"ruby": [
[
"改良",
"かいりょう"
]
],
"word": "改良"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"improvement, an action taken to improve"
],
"links": [
[
"improvement",
"improvement"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"improvement, a spontaneous change for the better"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かいぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠izẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "改善"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "改善する",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "改善し",
"roman": "kaizen shi",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "改善した",
"roman": "kaizen shita",
"ruby": [
[
"改",
"かい"
],
[
"善",
"ぜん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "改善し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改善する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改善すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "改善せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "改善しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "改善させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "改善しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "改善しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "改善します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "改善した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "改善して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "改善すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "かいぜんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kaizen sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to improve, to make better"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to improve, to make better"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the symptoms improve",
"roman": "shōjō ga kaizen suru",
"ruby": [
[
"症状",
"しょうじょう"
],
[
"改善",
"かいぜん"
]
],
"text": "症状が改善する",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for something to improve on its own"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) for something to improve on its own"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かいぜん"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠izẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "改善"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 改善 meaning in Japanese (7.2kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"改善"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "改善",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.