See 塔 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 塔 meaning in Japanese (15.4kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
},
{
"form": "墖",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Common kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a five-ring or five-level stone stupa",
"roman": "gorin no sekitō",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"輪",
"りん"
],
[
"石",
"せき"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"輪",
"りん"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "五輪の石塔, 五輪の塔"
},
{
"roman": "buttō",
"word": "仏塔: a Buddhist reliquary stupa"
},
{
"word": "a Buddhist temple pagoda"
},
{
"word": "stupa"
},
{
"english": "a five-storey pagoda",
"roman": "gojū no tō",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"のとう"
],
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "五重塔, 五重の塔"
},
{
"roman": "sekitō",
"word": "石塔: a stone pagoda"
},
{
"word": "a Buddhist tombstone"
},
{
"english": "a three-storey pagoda",
"roman": "sanjū no tō",
"ruby": [
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"のとう"
],
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "三重塔, 三重の塔"
},
{
"roman": "tōya",
"word": "塔屋: a penthouse"
},
{
"word": "a structure on top of a building"
},
{
"word": "possibly the top of the elevator shaft"
},
{
"word": "the stairs"
},
{
"word": "ventilation equipment"
},
{
"word": "or a water tower"
},
{
"roman": "tōbana",
"word": "塔花: genus Clinopodium"
},
{
"word": "including wild mints and basils"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Clinopodium gracile",
"word": "slender wild basil"
},
{
"english": "a tower crane",
"roman": "tōgata kurēn",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"型",
"がた"
]
],
"word": "塔型クレーン"
},
{
"english": "the Taklamakan Desert",
"roman": "Takuramakan sabaku",
"ruby": [
[
"塔克拉瑪",
"タクラマ"
],
[
"干",
"カン"
],
[
"砂",
"さ"
],
[
"漠",
"ばく"
]
],
"word": "塔克拉瑪干砂漠"
},
{
"english": "job title for the caretaker of a Buddhist cemetery",
"roman": "tassu",
"ruby": [
[
"塔主",
"たっす"
],
[
"塔司",
"たっす"
]
],
"word": "塔主, 塔司"
},
{
"roman": "tatchū",
"word": "塔頭"
},
{
"roman": "tatchū",
"word": "塔中: in Zen Buddhism"
},
{
"word": "the location of a stupa for a past master"
},
{
"word": "founder"
},
{
"word": "the title of the monk in charge of that stupa"
},
{
"word": "a small chapel within a larger temple"
},
{
"roman": "tatchō",
"word": "塔頭: an old grave"
},
{
"word": "a graveyard"
},
{
"word": "a cemetery"
},
{
"roman": "sotōba",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"婆",
"ば"
]
],
"word": "塔婆: a stupa: short for 卒塔婆"
},
{
"roman": "tōbyō",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"廟",
"びょう"
]
],
"word": "塔廟: a Buddhist reliquary stupa"
},
{
"english": "a tower telescope, a tower observatory",
"roman": "tōbōenkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"塔望",
"とうぼう"
],
[
"遠鏡",
"えんきょう"
]
],
"word": "塔望遠鏡"
},
{
"english": "the Tarim Basin",
"roman": "Tarimu",
"ruby": [
[
"塔里木",
"タリム"
]
],
"word": "塔里木"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pagoda, tower, steeple"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-character-LshU~PY8",
"links": [
[
"pagoda",
"pagoda"
],
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "the stacked floor of a pagoda",
"roman": "tō no koshi",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"層",
"こし"
]
],
"word": "塔の層"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "hot spring",
"roman": "Tō no Sawa onsen",
"word": "塔ノ沢温泉: an onsen in Hakone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "Kanagawa Prefecture"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "塔",
"tr": "tō"
},
"expansion": "塔 (tō)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "塔",
"2": "tower, pagoda, spire"
},
"expansion": "塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "卒塔婆",
"tr": "sotoba, sotōba"
},
"expansion": "卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "स्तूप",
"4": "",
"5": "heap",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tapu/ > /taɸu/ > */tawu/ > /tau/ > /tɔː/ > /toː/\nFrom Middle Chinese 塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”).\nAn abbreviation for 卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba), a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "塔",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tafu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "たふ",
"roman": "tafu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とう",
"hhira": "たふ"
},
"expansion": "塔(とう) • (tō) ^(←たふ (tafu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "build a tower from the bottom up",
"roman": "tō wa shita kara kume",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"組",
"く"
]
],
"word": "塔は下から組め: → no good building without a good foundation"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Two Towers",
"roman": "Futatsu no Tō",
"ruby": [
[
"二",
"ふた"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"text": "二つの塔"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tower (structure)"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-t5h3WIV~",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 29 25 8 0 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 26 4 0 28 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 25 4 0 28 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-suc9R~AN",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"pagoda",
"pagoda"
],
[
"stupa",
"stupa"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "ja:Christianity",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 29 25 8 0 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 26 4 0 28 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 25 4 0 28 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a steeple, spire"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-pe47UG7u",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
],
[
"spire",
"spire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) a steeple, spire"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a turret"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-CVC5NvbT",
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a castle or fortification) a turret"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a castle or fortification"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とー"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Pagoda",
"ja:塔"
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "塔",
"tr": "tō"
},
"expansion": "塔 (tō)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "塔",
"2": "tower, pagoda, spire"
},
"expansion": "塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "卒塔婆",
"tr": "sotoba, sotōba"
},
"expansion": "卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "स्तूप",
"4": "",
"5": "heap",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tapu/ > /taɸu/ > */tawu/ > /tau/ > /tɔː/ > /toː/\nFrom Middle Chinese 塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”).\nAn abbreviation for 卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba), a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "塔",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tafu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "たふ",
"roman": "tafu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "とう",
"hhira": "たふ"
},
"expansion": "塔(とう) • (-tō) ^(←たふ (tafu)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a tower"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-suffix-h9reBad9",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) a tower"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"usually"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 29 25 8 0 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 26 4 0 28 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 25 4 0 28 5 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-suffix-suc9R~AN",
"links": [
[
"pagoda",
"pagoda"
],
[
"stupa",
"stupa"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhist) a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"Buddhist",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a steeple, spire"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-suffix-pe47UG7u",
"links": [
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
],
[
"spire",
"spire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christian) a steeple, spire"
],
"tags": [
"Christian",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a turret (of a castle or fortification)"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-suffix-5x-A7McJ",
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とー"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Pagoda",
"ja:塔"
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance",
"roman": "Araragimai",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"あららぎ"
],
[
"舞",
"まい"
]
],
"word": "塔舞"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "阿良良伎"
},
"expansion": "阿良良伎",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蘭"
},
"expansion": "蘭",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hardneck garlic"
},
"expansion": "hardneck garlic",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "塔"
},
"expansion": "塔",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "斎宮"
},
"expansion": "斎宮",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First appears in the Engishiki compilation of laws created in the early 900s, spelled phonetically in kanji as 阿良良伎 (araragi). Spelled as 蘭, araragi literally means “wild onion” and refers to the wild rocambole, possibly hardneck garlic, notable for its tall green stalk sticking straight up. Used as a euphemism for 塔 (tafu at the time), as that word's Buddhist connotations were viewed as taboo in contexts having to do with the religious center of Itsuki no Miya (斎宮, also known as Saikū).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "塔",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"あららぎ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "araragi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あららぎ"
},
"expansion": "塔(あららぎ) • (araragi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "the wild rocambole",
"roman": "araragi",
"ruby": [
[
"蘭",
"あららぎ"
]
],
"word": "蘭"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tower"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-h9reBad9",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, euphemistic) a tower"
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Cartomancy",
"orig": "ja:Cartomancy",
"parents": [
"Divination",
"Occult",
"Forteana",
"Religion",
"Pseudoscience",
"Culture",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the tower, the sixteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-Fn7~nSds",
"links": [
[
"tarot",
"tarot"
],
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"trump",
"trump"
],
[
"major arcana",
"major arcana"
],
[
"card",
"card"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(tarot) the tower, the sixteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences",
"tarot"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(Araragimai): the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance",
"word": "塔舞"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 3 13 9 3 7 20 28 0 9 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 13 12 2 11 18 26 0 7 3 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 9 8 3 2 20 33 0 8 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 13 12 2 11 18 24 0 12 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"short for 塔舞 (Araragimai): the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance"
],
"id": "en-塔-ja-noun-lzxC0x8p",
"links": [
[
"塔舞",
"塔舞#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɾa̠ɾa̠ɡʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Engishiki",
"Saikū",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"categories": [
"Common kanji",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading とう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading たふ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading たふ",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading とう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading あららぎ",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading おか",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading てら",
"Japanese kanji with kun readings missing okurigana designation",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 塔",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "a five-ring or five-level stone stupa",
"roman": "gorin no sekitō",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"輪",
"りん"
],
[
"石",
"せき"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"輪",
"りん"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "五輪の石塔, 五輪の塔"
},
{
"roman": "buttō",
"word": "仏塔: a Buddhist reliquary stupa"
},
{
"word": "a Buddhist temple pagoda"
},
{
"word": "stupa"
},
{
"english": "a five-storey pagoda",
"roman": "gojū no tō",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"のとう"
],
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "五重塔, 五重の塔"
},
{
"roman": "sekitō",
"word": "石塔: a stone pagoda"
},
{
"word": "a Buddhist tombstone"
},
{
"english": "a three-storey pagoda",
"roman": "sanjū no tō",
"ruby": [
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"のとう"
],
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"重",
"じゅう"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"word": "三重塔, 三重の塔"
},
{
"roman": "tōya",
"word": "塔屋: a penthouse"
},
{
"word": "a structure on top of a building"
},
{
"word": "possibly the top of the elevator shaft"
},
{
"word": "the stairs"
},
{
"word": "ventilation equipment"
},
{
"word": "or a water tower"
},
{
"roman": "tōbana",
"word": "塔花: genus Clinopodium"
},
{
"word": "including wild mints and basils"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Clinopodium gracile",
"word": "slender wild basil"
},
{
"english": "a tower crane",
"roman": "tōgata kurēn",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"型",
"がた"
]
],
"word": "塔型クレーン"
},
{
"english": "the Taklamakan Desert",
"roman": "Takuramakan sabaku",
"ruby": [
[
"塔克拉瑪",
"タクラマ"
],
[
"干",
"カン"
],
[
"砂",
"さ"
],
[
"漠",
"ばく"
]
],
"word": "塔克拉瑪干砂漠"
},
{
"english": "job title for the caretaker of a Buddhist cemetery",
"roman": "tassu",
"ruby": [
[
"塔主",
"たっす"
],
[
"塔司",
"たっす"
]
],
"word": "塔主, 塔司"
},
{
"roman": "tatchū",
"word": "塔頭"
},
{
"roman": "tatchū",
"word": "塔中: in Zen Buddhism"
},
{
"word": "the location of a stupa for a past master"
},
{
"word": "founder"
},
{
"word": "the title of the monk in charge of that stupa"
},
{
"word": "a small chapel within a larger temple"
},
{
"roman": "tatchō",
"word": "塔頭: an old grave"
},
{
"word": "a graveyard"
},
{
"word": "a cemetery"
},
{
"roman": "sotōba",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"婆",
"ば"
]
],
"word": "塔婆: a stupa: short for 卒塔婆"
},
{
"roman": "tōbyō",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"廟",
"びょう"
]
],
"word": "塔廟: a Buddhist reliquary stupa"
},
{
"english": "a tower telescope, a tower observatory",
"roman": "tōbōenkyō",
"ruby": [
[
"塔望",
"とうぼう"
],
[
"遠鏡",
"えんきょう"
]
],
"word": "塔望遠鏡"
},
{
"english": "the Tarim Basin",
"roman": "Tarimu",
"ruby": [
[
"塔里木",
"タリム"
]
],
"word": "塔里木"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "“Jōyō” kanji",
"tags": [
"common"
]
},
{
"form": "墖",
"tags": [
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pagoda, tower, steeple"
],
"links": [
[
"pagoda",
"pagoda"
],
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
]
],
"tags": [
"kanji",
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 塔",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "the stacked floor of a pagoda",
"roman": "tō no koshi",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"層",
"こし"
]
],
"word": "塔の層"
},
{
"english": "hot spring",
"roman": "Tō no Sawa onsen",
"word": "塔ノ沢温泉: an onsen in Hakone"
},
{
"word": "Kanagawa Prefecture"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"2": "塔",
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},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "塔",
"2": "tower, pagoda, spire"
},
"expansion": "塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "卒塔婆",
"tr": "sotoba, sotōba"
},
"expansion": "卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "स्तूप",
"4": "",
"5": "heap",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tapu/ > /taɸu/ > */tawu/ > /tau/ > /tɔː/ > /toː/\nFrom Middle Chinese 塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”).\nAn abbreviation for 卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba), a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "塔",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tafu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "たふ",
"roman": "tafu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "とう",
"hhira": "たふ"
},
"expansion": "塔(とう) • (tō) ^(←たふ (tafu)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "build a tower from the bottom up",
"roman": "tō wa shita kara kume",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
],
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"組",
"く"
]
],
"word": "塔は下から組め: → no good building without a good foundation"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The Two Towers",
"roman": "Futatsu no Tō",
"ruby": [
[
"二",
"ふた"
],
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"text": "二つの塔"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tower (structure)"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"pagoda",
"pagoda"
],
[
"stupa",
"stupa"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"a steeple, spire"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
],
[
"spire",
"spire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) a steeple, spire"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a turret"
],
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of a castle or fortification) a turret"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a castle or fortification"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とー"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Pagoda",
"ja:塔"
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese suffixes",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 塔",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "塔",
"tr": "tō"
},
"expansion": "塔 (tō)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "塔",
"2": "tower, pagoda, spire"
},
"expansion": "塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "卒塔婆",
"tr": "sotoba, sotōba"
},
"expansion": "卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "sa",
"3": "स्तूप",
"4": "",
"5": "heap",
"sort": "とう"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/tapu/ > /taɸu/ > */tawu/ > /tau/ > /tɔː/ > /toː/\nFrom Middle Chinese 塔 (MC thap, “tower, pagoda, spire”).\nAn abbreviation for 卒塔婆 (sotoba, sotōba), a transliteration of Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa, “heap”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "塔",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"とう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "-tō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "tafu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "たふ",
"roman": "tafu",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix",
"2": "とう",
"hhira": "たふ"
},
"expansion": "塔(とう) • (-tō) ^(←たふ (tafu)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a tower"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in general) a tower"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"links": [
[
"pagoda",
"pagoda"
],
[
"stupa",
"stupa"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhist) a pagoda, a stupa"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"Buddhist",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a steeple, spire"
],
"links": [
[
"steeple",
"steeple"
],
[
"spire",
"spire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christian) a steeple, spire"
],
"tags": [
"Christian",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a turret (of a castle or fortification)"
],
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "とー"
},
{
"ipa": "[to̞ː]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Pagoda",
"ja:塔"
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 塔",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance",
"roman": "Araragimai",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"あららぎ"
],
[
"舞",
"まい"
]
],
"word": "塔舞"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "阿良良伎"
},
"expansion": "阿良良伎",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "蘭"
},
"expansion": "蘭",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hardneck garlic"
},
"expansion": "hardneck garlic",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "塔"
},
"expansion": "塔",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "斎宮"
},
"expansion": "斎宮",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First appears in the Engishiki compilation of laws created in the early 900s, spelled phonetically in kanji as 阿良良伎 (araragi). Spelled as 蘭, araragi literally means “wild onion” and refers to the wild rocambole, possibly hardneck garlic, notable for its tall green stalk sticking straight up. Used as a euphemism for 塔 (tafu at the time), as that word's Buddhist connotations were viewed as taboo in contexts having to do with the religious center of Itsuki no Miya (斎宮, also known as Saikū).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "塔",
"ruby": [
[
"塔",
"あららぎ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "araragi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "あららぎ"
},
"expansion": "塔(あららぎ) • (araragi)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "the wild rocambole",
"roman": "araragi",
"ruby": [
[
"蘭",
"あららぎ"
]
],
"word": "蘭"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese euphemisms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"a tower"
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, euphemistic) a tower"
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Cartomancy"
],
"glosses": [
"the tower, the sixteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks"
],
"links": [
[
"tarot",
"tarot"
],
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"trump",
"trump"
],
[
"major arcana",
"major arcana"
],
[
"card",
"card"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(tarot) the tower, the sixteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"philosophy",
"sciences",
"tarot"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(Araragimai): the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance",
"word": "塔舞"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese short forms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"short for 塔舞 (Araragimai): the title of a piece of bugaku Japanese court dance"
],
"links": [
[
"塔舞",
"塔舞#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[a̠ɾa̠ɾa̠ɡʲi]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Engishiki",
"Saikū",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "塔"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"塔"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "塔",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"塔"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "塔",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"塔"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "塔",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"塔"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "塔",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"塔"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "塔",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.