See 向 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 向 meaning in Japanese (7.8kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kyōgo",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"後",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "向後"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kyōkō",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"後",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "向後"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮日",
"roman": "kyōjitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
]
],
"word": "向日"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kyōjikki",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"日",
"じっ"
],
[
"葵",
"き"
]
],
"word": "向日葵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮者",
"roman": "kyōsha",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
]
],
"word": "向者"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮前",
"roman": "kyōzen",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"前",
"ぜん"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"前",
"ぜん"
]
],
"word": "向前"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮明",
"roman": "kyōmei",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"明",
"めい"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"明",
"めい"
]
],
"word": "向明"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮来",
"roman": "kyōrai",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"来",
"らい"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"来",
"らい"
]
],
"word": "向来"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōgaku",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"学",
"がく"
]
],
"word": "向学"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōkan",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"寒",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "向寒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōgo",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"後",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "向後"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮日",
"roman": "kōjitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
],
[
"嚮",
"こう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
]
],
"word": "向日"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōjikki",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"日",
"じっ"
],
[
"葵",
"き"
]
],
"word": "向日葵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōsho",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"暑",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "向暑"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōjō",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "向上"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kōsei",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"性",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "向性"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "嚮背",
"roman": "kōhai",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"背",
"はい"
],
[
"嚮",
"こう"
],
[
"背",
"はい"
]
],
"word": "向背"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gohai",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"ご"
],
[
"拝",
"はい"
]
],
"word": "向拝"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "himawari",
"ruby": [
[
"向日葵",
"ひまわり"
]
],
"word": "向日葵"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "mukōsangen ryōdonari",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"むこう"
],
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"軒",
"げん"
],
[
"両",
"りょう"
],
[
"隣",
"どなり"
]
],
"word": "向三軒両隣"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "意嚮",
"roman": "ikō",
"ruby": [
[
"意",
"い"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"意",
"い"
],
[
"嚮",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "意向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ikkō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "一向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "回向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ekō",
"word": "廻向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "外向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kikō",
"ruby": [
[
"葵",
"き"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "葵向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "keikō",
"ruby": [
[
"傾",
"けい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "傾向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "gekō",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "下向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sankō",
"ruby": [
[
"参",
"さん"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "参向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"志",
"し"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "志向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"指",
"し"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "指向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shukō",
"ruby": [
[
"趣",
"しゅ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "趣向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shukkō",
"ruby": [
[
"出",
"しゅっ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "出向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sūkō",
"ruby": [
[
"趨",
"すう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "趨向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "seikō",
"ruby": [
[
"性",
"せい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "性向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "taikō",
"ruby": [
[
"対",
"たい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "対向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tamuke",
"ruby": [
[
"手",
"た"
],
[
"向",
"むけ"
]
],
"word": "手向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tenkō",
"ruby": [
[
"転",
"てん"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "転向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dōkō",
"ruby": [
[
"動",
"どう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "動向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "naikō",
"ruby": [
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "内向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hakkō",
"ruby": [
[
"発",
"はっ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "発向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hinata",
"ruby": [
[
"日向",
"ひなた"
]
],
"word": "日向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fūkō",
"ruby": [
[
"風",
"ふう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "風向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "henkō",
"ruby": [
[
"偏",
"へん"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "偏向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hōkō",
"ruby": [
[
"方",
"ほう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "方向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "makkō",
"ruby": [
[
"真",
"ま"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "真っ向"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yōgō",
"ruby": [
[
"影",
"よう"
],
[
"向",
"ごう"
]
],
"word": "影向"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"yonder"
],
"id": "en-向-ja-character-kz9bMjZe",
"links": [
[
"yonder",
"yonder"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"facing"
],
"id": "en-向-ja-character-sxnGF3Sw",
"links": [
[
"facing",
"facing"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "向"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "向",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"むかい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Mukai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "mukafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "むかひ",
"roman": "mukafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "むかい",
"hhira": "むかひ"
},
"expansion": "向(むかい) • (Mukai) ^(←むかひ (mukafi)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese surnames",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 35 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Grade 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 35 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 32 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 34 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 32 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 32 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"id": "en-向-ja-name-v2O7m9sM",
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "向"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 3 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading こう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading かう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading きやう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading む-かひ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading む-かふ",
"Japanese kanji with historical nanori reading しやう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きょう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading さき-に",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-かい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-かう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-き",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-く",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-ける",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-こう",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひさ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むか",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むかう",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むき",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むけ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むこう",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 向",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "kyōgo",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"後",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "向後"
},
{
"roman": "kyōkō",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"後",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "向後"
},
{
"alt": "嚮日",
"roman": "kyōjitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
]
],
"word": "向日"
},
{
"roman": "kyōjikki",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"日",
"じっ"
],
[
"葵",
"き"
]
],
"word": "向日葵"
},
{
"alt": "嚮者",
"roman": "kyōsha",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"者",
"しゃ"
]
],
"word": "向者"
},
{
"alt": "嚮前",
"roman": "kyōzen",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"前",
"ぜん"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"前",
"ぜん"
]
],
"word": "向前"
},
{
"alt": "嚮明",
"roman": "kyōmei",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"明",
"めい"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"明",
"めい"
]
],
"word": "向明"
},
{
"alt": "嚮来",
"roman": "kyōrai",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"きょう"
],
[
"来",
"らい"
],
[
"嚮",
"きょう"
],
[
"来",
"らい"
]
],
"word": "向来"
},
{
"roman": "kōgaku",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"学",
"がく"
]
],
"word": "向学"
},
{
"roman": "kōkan",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"寒",
"かん"
]
],
"word": "向寒"
},
{
"roman": "kōgo",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"後",
"ご"
]
],
"word": "向後"
},
{
"alt": "嚮日",
"roman": "kōjitsu",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
],
[
"嚮",
"こう"
],
[
"日",
"じつ"
]
],
"word": "向日"
},
{
"roman": "kōjikki",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"日",
"じっ"
],
[
"葵",
"き"
]
],
"word": "向日葵"
},
{
"roman": "kōsho",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"暑",
"しょ"
]
],
"word": "向暑"
},
{
"roman": "kōjō",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
]
],
"word": "向上"
},
{
"roman": "kōsei",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"性",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "向性"
},
{
"alt": "嚮背",
"roman": "kōhai",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"背",
"はい"
],
[
"嚮",
"こう"
],
[
"背",
"はい"
]
],
"word": "向背"
},
{
"roman": "gohai",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"ご"
],
[
"拝",
"はい"
]
],
"word": "向拝"
},
{
"roman": "himawari",
"ruby": [
[
"向日葵",
"ひまわり"
]
],
"word": "向日葵"
},
{
"roman": "mukōsangen ryōdonari",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"むこう"
],
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"軒",
"げん"
],
[
"両",
"りょう"
],
[
"隣",
"どなり"
]
],
"word": "向三軒両隣"
},
{
"alt": "意嚮",
"roman": "ikō",
"ruby": [
[
"意",
"い"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
],
[
"意",
"い"
],
[
"嚮",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "意向"
},
{
"roman": "ikkō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いっ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "一向"
},
{
"word": "回向"
},
{
"roman": "ekō",
"word": "廻向"
},
{
"roman": "gaikō",
"ruby": [
[
"外",
"がい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "外向"
},
{
"roman": "kikō",
"ruby": [
[
"葵",
"き"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "葵向"
},
{
"roman": "keikō",
"ruby": [
[
"傾",
"けい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "傾向"
},
{
"roman": "gekō",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "下向"
},
{
"roman": "sankō",
"ruby": [
[
"参",
"さん"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "参向"
},
{
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"志",
"し"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "志向"
},
{
"roman": "shikō",
"ruby": [
[
"指",
"し"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "指向"
},
{
"roman": "shukō",
"ruby": [
[
"趣",
"しゅ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "趣向"
},
{
"roman": "shukkō",
"ruby": [
[
"出",
"しゅっ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "出向"
},
{
"roman": "sūkō",
"ruby": [
[
"趨",
"すう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "趨向"
},
{
"roman": "seikō",
"ruby": [
[
"性",
"せい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "性向"
},
{
"roman": "taikō",
"ruby": [
[
"対",
"たい"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "対向"
},
{
"roman": "tamuke",
"ruby": [
[
"手",
"た"
],
[
"向",
"むけ"
]
],
"word": "手向"
},
{
"roman": "tenkō",
"ruby": [
[
"転",
"てん"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "転向"
},
{
"roman": "dōkō",
"ruby": [
[
"動",
"どう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "動向"
},
{
"roman": "naikō",
"ruby": [
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "内向"
},
{
"roman": "hakkō",
"ruby": [
[
"発",
"はっ"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "発向"
},
{
"roman": "hinata",
"ruby": [
[
"日向",
"ひなた"
]
],
"word": "日向"
},
{
"roman": "fūkō",
"ruby": [
[
"風",
"ふう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "風向"
},
{
"roman": "henkō",
"ruby": [
[
"偏",
"へん"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "偏向"
},
{
"roman": "hōkō",
"ruby": [
[
"方",
"ほう"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "方向"
},
{
"roman": "makkō",
"ruby": [
[
"真",
"ま"
],
[
"向",
"こう"
]
],
"word": "真っ向"
},
{
"roman": "yōgō",
"ruby": [
[
"影",
"よう"
],
[
"向",
"ごう"
]
],
"word": "影向"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"yonder"
],
"links": [
[
"yonder",
"yonder"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"facing"
],
"links": [
[
"facing",
"facing"
]
],
"tags": [
"grade-3-kanji",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"word": "向"
}
{
"categories": [
"Grade 3 kanji",
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading こう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading かう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading きやう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading む-かひ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading む-かふ",
"Japanese kanji with historical nanori reading しやう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading きょう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading さき-に",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-かい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-かう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-き",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-く",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-ける",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading む-こう",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading しょう",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひさ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むか",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むかう",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むき",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むけ",
"Japanese kanji with nanori reading むこう",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 向",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Japanese terms written with one Han script character"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "向",
"ruby": [
[
"向",
"むかい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Mukai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "mukafi",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "むかひ",
"roman": "mukafi",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "むかい",
"hhira": "むかひ"
},
"expansion": "向(むかい) • (Mukai) ^(←むかひ (mukafi)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese surnames",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"glosses": [
"a surname"
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"word": "向"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"向"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "向",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"向"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "向",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.