"下さる" meaning in Japanese

See 下さる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: [kɯ̟da̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]
Etymology: Paradigmatic shift of 下(くだ)さる (kudasaru) from the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) to the 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”). First attested in 歌舞伎 (kabuki) from 1693. Etymology templates: {{etymid|ja|modern}}, {{ja-r|下さる|くださる}} 下(くだ)さる (kudasaru) Head templates: {{ja-verb|くださる|type=1s}} 下(くだ)さる • (kudasaru) godan (stem 下(くだ)さり (kudasari) or 下(くだ)さい (kudasai), past 下(くだ)さった (kudasatta)) Forms: 下さる [canonical] (ruby: (くだ)), kudasaru [romanization], 下さり [stem] (ruby: (くだ)), 下さい [stem] (ruby: (くだ)), 下さった [past] (ruby: (くだ)), no-table-tags [table-tags], 下さら [error-unrecognized-form], くださら [error-unrecognized-form], kudasara [error-unrecognized-form], 下さい [error-unrecognized-form], 下さり [error-unrecognized-form], ください [error-unrecognized-form], くださり [error-unrecognized-form], kudasai [error-unrecognized-form], kudasari [error-unrecognized-form], 下さる [error-unrecognized-form], くださる [error-unrecognized-form], kudasaru [error-unrecognized-form], 下され [error-unrecognized-form], くだされ [error-unrecognized-form], kudasare [error-unrecognized-form], 下さられる [passive], くださられる [passive], kudasarareru [passive], 下さらせる [causative], 下さらす [causative], くださらせる [causative], くださらす [causative], kudasaraseru [causative], kudasarasu [causative], 下される [potential], くだされる [potential], kudasareru [potential], 下さろう [volitional], くださろう [volitional], kudasarō [volitional], 下さらない [negative], くださらない [negative], kudasaranai [negative], 下さらず [continuative, negative], くださらず [continuative, negative], kudasarazu [continuative, negative], 下さいます [formal], くださいます [formal], kudasaimasu [formal], 下さった [perfective], くださった [perfective], kudasatta [perfective], 下さって [conjunctive], くださって [conjunctive], kudasatte [conjunctive], 下されば [conditional, hypothetical], くだされば [conditional, hypothetical], kudasareba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. (honorific) to give Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-jKZk8JaJ Categories (other): Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 13 13 14 13 22 25
  2. (honorific) to receive (particularly food and/or drink) Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-fvuycLIK Categories (other): Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 13 13 14 13 22 25 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 10 12 14 12 20 21 12
  3. (honorific) to feel great Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-nGNqN2ic Categories (other): Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 13 13 14 13 22 25 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 10 12 14 12 20 21 12
  4. (honorific) (chiefly in the negative form) to be worthless or boring; to be tasteless Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-3jKT9f9s Categories (other): Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese verbs without transitivity Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 13 13 14 13 22 25 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 10 12 14 12 20 21 12
  5. (honorific) (only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient
    Used after the 〜て form of a verb.
    Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-0DrzQlKr Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese verbs without transitivity, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 4 4 7 5 34 34 11 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 13 13 14 13 22 25 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 10 12 14 12 20 21 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 5 5 6 5 33 33 14 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 4 5 4 31 38 15
  6. (honorific) (only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient
    Used either after a native noun prefixed with お (o-) or after a Sino-Japanese noun prefixed with 御 (go-).
    Tags: honorific
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-1RFBcmNg Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with 1 kanji, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys, Japanese verbs without transitivity, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 4 4 7 5 34 34 11 Disambiguation of Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru: 13 13 14 13 22 25 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 5 5 7 5 32 47 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 3 3 4 3 28 38 21 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with 1 kanji: 8 8 10 8 13 43 10 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 2 3 5 4 28 38 19 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 3 3 4 3 28 38 21 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 10 12 14 12 20 21 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 5 5 6 5 33 33 14 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 4 5 4 31 38 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: くれる (kureru)
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: [kɯ̟da̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]
Etymology: Derived as the passive / potential / spontaneous / honorific conjugation of 下す (kudasu, “to lower something”). Etymology templates: {{etymid|ja|classical}} Head templates: {{ja-verb|くださる|type=shimo ni}} 下(くだ)さる • (kudasaru) ^†nidan Inflection templates: {{ja-conj-bungo|くださ|4-r|f_imp+=下さい:ください}} Forms: 下さる [canonical] (ruby: (くだ)), kudasaru [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], 下さら [irrealis, stem], くださら [irrealis, stem], kudasara [irrealis], 下さり [continuative, stem], くださり [continuative, stem], kudasari [continuative], 下さる [stem, terminative], くださる [stem, terminative], kudasaru [terminative], 下さる [attributive, stem], くださる [attributive, stem], kudasaru [attributive], 下され [realis, stem], くだされ [realis, stem], kudasare [realis], 下され [imperative, stem], 下さい [imperative, stem], くだされ [imperative, stem], ください [imperative, stem], kudasare [imperative], kudasai [imperative], 下さらず [negative], くださらず [negative], kudasarazu [negative], 下されど [contrastive], くだされど [contrastive], kudasaredo [contrastive], 下されば [causative], くだされば [causative], kudasareba [causative], 下さらば [conditional], くださらば [conditional], kudasaraba [conditional], 下さりき [past], くださりき [past], kudasariki [past], 下さりけり [past], くださりけり [past], kudasarikeri [past], 下さりつ [perfect], くださりつ [perfect], kudasaritu [perfect], 下さりぬ [perfect], くださりぬ [perfect], kudasarinu [perfect], 下されり [continuative, perfect], 下さりたり [continuative, perfect], くだされり [continuative, perfect], くださりたり [continuative, perfect], kudasareri [continuative, perfect], kudasaritari [continuative, perfect], 下さらむ [volitional], くださらむ [volitional], kudasaramu [volitional]
  1. classical form of 下される (kudasareru)
    Sense id: en-下さる-ja-verb-H8cfLNyZ Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese verbs without transitivity, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 4 4 7 5 34 34 11 Disambiguation of Japanese verbs without transitivity: 10 12 14 12 20 21 12 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 5 5 6 5 33 33 14 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 4 5 4 31 38 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "modern"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "下さる",
        "2": "くださる"
      },
      "expansion": "下(くだ)さる (kudasaru)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Paradigmatic shift of 下(くだ)さる (kudasaru) from the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) to the 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”).\nFirst attested in 歌舞伎 (kabuki) from 1693.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さり",
      "roman": "kudasari",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さい",
      "roman": "kudasai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さった",
      "roman": "kudasatta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-honorific",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さい",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ください",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下され",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さいます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださいます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasatte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くださる",
        "type": "1s"
      },
      "expansion": "下(くだ)さる • (kudasaru) godan (stem 下(くだ)さり (kudasari) or 下(くだ)さい (kudasai), past 下(くだ)さった (kudasatta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 14 13 22 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[My] teacher gave me a book.",
          "roman": "Sensei wa watashi ni hon o kudasaimashita.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "先",
              "せん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "私",
              "わたし"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "ほん"
            ],
            [
              "下",
              "くだ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "先生は私に本を下さいました。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give"
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-jKZk8JaJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "give",
          "give"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) to give"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 14 13 22 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 12 20 21 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to receive (particularly food and/or drink)"
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-fvuycLIK",
      "links": [
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) to receive (particularly food and/or drink)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 14 13 22 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 12 20 21 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to feel great"
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-nGNqN2ic",
      "links": [
        [
          "feel",
          "feel"
        ],
        [
          "great",
          "great"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) to feel great"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 14 13 22 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 12 20 21 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(chiefly in the negative form) to be worthless or boring; to be tasteless"
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-3jKT9f9s",
      "links": [
        [
          "worthless",
          "worthless"
        ],
        [
          "boring",
          "boring"
        ],
        [
          "tasteless",
          "tasteless"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) (chiefly in the negative form) to be worthless or boring; to be tasteless"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 7 5 34 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 14 13 22 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 12 20 21 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 6 5 33 33 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 4 31 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used after the 〜て form of a verb."
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-0DrzQlKr",
      "links": [
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) (only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used after the 〜て form of a verb."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 7 5 34 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 13 14 13 22 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 7 5 32 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 4 3 28 38 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 10 8 13 43 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 3 5 4 28 38 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 3 4 3 28 38 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 12 20 21 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 6 5 33 33 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 4 31 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used either after a native noun prefixed with お (o-) or after a Sino-Japanese noun prefixed with 御 (go-)."
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-1RFBcmNg",
      "links": [
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ],
        [
          "お",
          "お#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "御",
          "御#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) (only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used either after a native noun prefixed with お (o-) or after a Sino-Japanese noun prefixed with 御 (go-)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くださる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟da̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kureru",
      "word": "くれる"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "kabuki"
  ],
  "word": "下さる"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "classical"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived as the passive / potential / spontaneous / honorific conjugation of 下す (kudasu, “to lower something”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下され",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下され",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さい",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ください",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaredo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaraba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasariki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaritu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaritari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaramu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くださる",
        "type": "shimo ni"
      },
      "expansion": "下(くだ)さる • (kudasaru) ^†nidan",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くださ",
        "2": "4-r",
        "f_imp+": "下さい:ください"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 7 5 34 34 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 14 12 20 21 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 5 6 5 33 33 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 4 31 38 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "classical form of 下される (kudasareru)"
      ],
      "id": "en-下さる-ja-verb-H8cfLNyZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "下される",
          "下される#Japanese"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くださる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟da̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "下さる"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese godan verbs",
    "Japanese godan verbs ending with -ru",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nidan verbs",
    "Japanese respectful language",
    "Japanese shimo nidan verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "modern"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "下さる",
        "2": "くださる"
      },
      "expansion": "下(くだ)さる (kudasaru)",
      "name": "ja-r"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Paradigmatic shift of 下(くだ)さる (kudasaru) from the 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) to the 四段活用 (yodan katsuyō, “quadrigrade conjugation”).\nFirst attested in 歌舞伎 (kabuki) from 1693.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さり",
      "roman": "kudasari",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さい",
      "roman": "kudasai",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さった",
      "roman": "kudasatta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-honorific",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さい",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ください",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下され",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださられる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaraseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下される",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださろう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaranai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さいます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださいます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasatta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasatte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くださる",
        "type": "1s"
      },
      "expansion": "下(くだ)さる • (kudasaru) godan (stem 下(くだ)さり (kudasari) or 下(くだ)さい (kudasai), past 下(くだ)さった (kudasatta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[My] teacher gave me a book.",
          "roman": "Sensei wa watashi ni hon o kudasaimashita.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "先",
              "せん"
            ],
            [
              "生",
              "せい"
            ],
            [
              "私",
              "わたし"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "ほん"
            ],
            [
              "下",
              "くだ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "先生は私に本を下さいました。",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to give"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "give",
          "give"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) to give"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to receive (particularly food and/or drink)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "receive",
          "receive"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) to receive (particularly food and/or drink)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to feel great"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "feel",
          "feel"
        ],
        [
          "great",
          "great"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) to feel great"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(chiefly in the negative form) to be worthless or boring; to be tasteless"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "worthless",
          "worthless"
        ],
        [
          "boring",
          "boring"
        ],
        [
          "tasteless",
          "tasteless"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) (chiefly in the negative form) to be worthless or boring; to be tasteless"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used after the 〜て form of a verb."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) (only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used after the 〜て form of a verb."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese honorific terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used either after a native noun prefixed with お (o-) or after a Sino-Japanese noun prefixed with 御 (go-)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ],
        [
          "お",
          "お#Japanese"
        ],
        [
          "御",
          "御#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(honorific) (only useed in the following conjunctions below) to do something for the recipient; shows respect from the speaker to the recipient",
        "Used either after a native noun prefixed with お (o-) or after a Sino-Japanese noun prefixed with 御 (go-)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くださる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟da̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "kureru",
      "word": "くれる"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "kabuki"
  ],
  "word": "下さる"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nidan verbs",
    "Japanese respectful language",
    "Japanese shimo nidan verbs",
    "Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese verbs",
    "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "classical"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived as the passive / potential / spontaneous / honorific conjugation of 下す (kudasu, “to lower something”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "下",
          "くだ"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-conj-bungo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださら",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasara",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "irrealis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "stem",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "attributive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下され",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "realis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下され",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さい",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ください",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasare",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされど",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaredo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "contrastive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaraba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりき",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasariki",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりけり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarikeri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりつ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaritu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりぬ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasarinu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下されり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さりたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くだされり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださりたり",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasareri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaritari",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "下さらむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くださらむ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kudasaramu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くださる",
        "type": "shimo ni"
      },
      "expansion": "下(くだ)さる • (kudasaru) ^†nidan",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くださ",
        "2": "4-r",
        "f_imp+": "下さい:ください"
      },
      "name": "ja-conj-bungo"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "classical form of 下される (kudasareru)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "下される",
          "下される#Japanese"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くださる"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟da̠sa̠ɾɯ̟]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "下さる"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 下さる meaning in Japanese (14.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "下さる"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "下さる",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.