See いる in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for いる meaning in Japanese (15.3kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "いる"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*wu",
"sort": "いる"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *wu",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/wiru/ → /iru/\nFrom Old Japanese. Found in the Nihon Shoki, completed around 720 CE. from Proto-Japonic *wu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "iru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "wiru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"roman": "i",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "いた",
"roman": "ita",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "いる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "iru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "いれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "いよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "いろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "iyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "iro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "いられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "irareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "いさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "いさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "isaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "isasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "いられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "いれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "irareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ireru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "いよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "iyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "いない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "いぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "いん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "inai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "inu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "いず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "izu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "います",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "imasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "いた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "いて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "いれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "wiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wiyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "wizu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "wiredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "wireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "wiba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "witu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "winu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "witari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "wimu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "いる",
"hhira": "ゐる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "いる • (iru) ^(←ゐる (wiru)?)intransitive ichidan (stem い (i), past いた (ita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "1u-w"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 2 20 21 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "literally, “[This] is Suzuki; is Tanaka present?”",
"ruby": [
[
"鈴",
"すず"
],
[
"木",
"き"
],
[
"田",
"た"
],
[
"中",
"なか"
]
],
"text": "鈴木ですが、田中さんいますか？\nSuzuki desu ga, Tanaka-san imasu ka?\nThis is Suzuki calling; may I speak to Tanaka?"
},
{
"english": "I can't do anything if you aren't here/there",
"roman": "anata ga inai to nani mo dekinai",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なに"
]
],
"text": "あなたがいないと何もできない"
},
{
"english": "the summer you were there [with me; by my side]",
"roman": "kimi ga ita natsu",
"ruby": [
[
"君",
"きみ"
],
[
"夏",
"なつ"
]
],
"text": "君がいた夏"
},
{
"english": "the summer [I] was with you",
"roman": "kimi to ita natsu",
"ruby": [
[
"君",
"きみ"
],
[
"夏",
"なつ"
]
],
"text": "君といた夏"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist, to be"
],
"id": "en-いる-ja-verb-ja:be",
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of animate objects) to exist, to be"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animate objects"
],
"senseid": [
"ja:be"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you have a boyfriend?",
"roman": "Kareshi imasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"かれ"
],
[
"氏",
"し"
]
],
"text": "彼氏いますか？"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to have"
],
"id": "en-いる-ja-verb-11K4IPdV",
"links": [
[
"have",
"have"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of animate objects) to have"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animate objects"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 2 20 21 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Are you eating breakfast [now]?",
"roman": "Asagohan o tabete imasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"朝",
"あさ"
],
[
"飯",
"はん"
],
[
"食",
"た"
]
],
"text": "朝ご飯を食べていますか？"
},
{
"english": "literally, “Is this something that I can be quiet about!?”",
"ruby": [
[
"黙",
"だま"
]
],
"text": "黙っていられるもんか！\nDamatte irareru mon ka!\nLike hell this is something I can silently let pass!"
},
{
"english": "I'm telling you, I haven't done anything.",
"roman": "Nani mo shitenē tte.",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なに"
]
],
"text": "何もしてねーって。"
},
{
"english": "The children are playing.",
"roman": "Kodomo ga asonde iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"こ"
],
[
"供",
"ども"
],
[
"遊",
"あそ"
]
],
"text": "子供が遊んでいる。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi), after a verb in the て (-te) conjunctive form. Note that ている (-te iru) colloquially shortens to てる (-teru), ていた (-te ita) colloquially shortens to てた (-teta), etc.",
"Indicates a progressive or continuative tense: to be doing"
],
"id": "en-いる-ja-verb-fI53c3qg",
"links": [
[
"補助動詞",
"補助動詞#Japanese"
],
[
"て",
"て#Japanese"
],
[
"conjunctive form",
"Appendix:Japanese verbs#Other forms"
],
[
"いる",
"いる#Japanese"
],
[
"-te iru",
"-te iru#Japanese"
],
[
"てる",
"てる#Japanese"
],
[
"いた",
"いた#Japanese"
],
[
"-te ita",
"-te ita#Japanese"
],
[
"てた",
"てた#Japanese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 2 20 21 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Are you eating breakfast these days?",
"roman": "Asagohan o tabete imasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"朝",
"あさ"
],
[
"飯",
"はん"
],
[
"食",
"た"
]
],
"text": "朝ご飯を食べていますか？"
},
{
"text": "This is equivalent to using the simple non-past form of verbs (e.g. 食べますか (tabemasu ka) = 食べていますか (tabete imasu ka))."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi), after a verb in the て (-te) conjunctive form. Note that ている (-te iru) colloquially shortens to てる (-teru), ていた (-te ita) colloquially shortens to てた (-teta), etc.",
"Indicates a regular, repetitive action."
],
"id": "en-いる-ja-verb-1NeITVyW",
"links": [
[
"補助動詞",
"補助動詞#Japanese"
],
[
"て",
"て#Japanese"
],
[
"conjunctive form",
"Appendix:Japanese verbs#Other forms"
],
[
"いる",
"いる#Japanese"
],
[
"-te iru",
"-te iru#Japanese"
],
[
"てる",
"てる#Japanese"
],
[
"いた",
"いた#Japanese"
],
[
"-te ita",
"-te ita#Japanese"
],
[
"てた",
"てた#Japanese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 2 20 21 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 3 20 20 33 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 2 20 20 32 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 1 22 23 42 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 2 21 21 31 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 2 21 21 30 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 2 20 20 31 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There is a picture hanging on the wall.",
"roman": "Kabe ni wa e ga kakatte iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"壁",
"かべ"
],
[
"絵",
"え"
]
],
"text": "壁には絵がかかっている。"
},
{
"english": "The pig is fat.",
"roman": "Buta ga koete iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"豚",
"ぶた"
],
[
"肥",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "豚が肥えている。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi), after a verb in the て (-te) conjunctive form. Note that ている (-te iru) colloquially shortens to てる (-teru), ていた (-te ita) colloquially shortens to てた (-teta), etc.",
"Indicates a state resulting from the action."
],
"id": "en-いる-ja-verb-XHc7vkua",
"links": [
[
"補助動詞",
"補助動詞#Japanese"
],
[
"て",
"て#Japanese"
],
[
"conjunctive form",
"Appendix:Japanese verbs#Other forms"
],
[
"いる",
"いる#Japanese"
],
[
"-te iru",
"-te iru#Japanese"
],
[
"てる",
"てる#Japanese"
],
[
"いた",
"いた#Japanese"
],
[
"-te ita",
"-te ita#Japanese"
],
[
"てた",
"てた#Japanese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "When he looked at it, there sat a very lovely human being about three sun long.",
"ref": "c. late 9th–mid-10th century, Taketori Monogatari それを見れば、三寸ばかりなる人いと美しうて居たり。 Sore wo mireba, sansun bakari naru fito ito utukusiute witari (Classical pronunciation)",
"ruby": [
[
"見",
"み"
],
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"寸",
"すん"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"美",
"うつく"
],
[
"居",
"ゐ"
]
],
"text": "Sore o mireba, sansun bakari naru hito ito utsukushūte itari. (modern pronunciation)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sit"
],
"id": "en-いる-ja-verb-XSeCVgAL",
"links": [
[
"sit",
"sit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) to sit"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いる"
},
{
"note": "Mishima",
"other": "[íꜜrù]"
},
{
"ipa": "[iɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "oru",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "おる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "of inanimate objects: to be",
"roman": "aru",
"word": "ある"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mishima Island, Yamaguchi",
"Nihon Shoki",
"Tokyo dialect"
],
"word": "いる"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms historically spelled with ゐ",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese type 2 verbs",
"Japanese verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "いる"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "jpx-pro",
"3": "*wu",
"sort": "いる"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Japonic *wu",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/wiru/ → /iru/\nFrom Old Japanese. Found in the Nihon Shoki, completed around 720 CE. from Proto-Japonic *wu.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "iru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "wiru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"roman": "i",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "いた",
"roman": "ita",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-ichi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "い",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "i",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "いる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "iru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "いれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "いよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "いろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "iyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "iro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "いられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "irareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "いさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "いさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "isaseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "isasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "いられる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "いれる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "irareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ireru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "いよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "iyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "いない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "いぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "いん",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "inai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "inu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "いず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "izu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "います",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "imasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "いた",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "いて",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "いれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "wiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wire",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "wiyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "wizu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "wiredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "wireba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "wiba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wiki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "wikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "witu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "winu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐたり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "witari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "ゐむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "wimu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "いる",
"hhira": "ゐる",
"tr": "intrans",
"type": "2"
},
"expansion": "いる • (iru) ^(←ゐる (wiru)?)intransitive ichidan (stem い (i), past いた (ita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "1u-w"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "literally, “[This] is Suzuki; is Tanaka present?”",
"ruby": [
[
"鈴",
"すず"
],
[
"木",
"き"
],
[
"田",
"た"
],
[
"中",
"なか"
]
],
"text": "鈴木ですが、田中さんいますか？\nSuzuki desu ga, Tanaka-san imasu ka?\nThis is Suzuki calling; may I speak to Tanaka?"
},
{
"english": "I can't do anything if you aren't here/there",
"roman": "anata ga inai to nani mo dekinai",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なに"
]
],
"text": "あなたがいないと何もできない"
},
{
"english": "the summer you were there [with me; by my side]",
"roman": "kimi ga ita natsu",
"ruby": [
[
"君",
"きみ"
],
[
"夏",
"なつ"
]
],
"text": "君がいた夏"
},
{
"english": "the summer [I] was with you",
"roman": "kimi to ita natsu",
"ruby": [
[
"君",
"きみ"
],
[
"夏",
"なつ"
]
],
"text": "君といた夏"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist, to be"
],
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of animate objects) to exist, to be"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animate objects"
],
"senseid": [
"ja:be"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you have a boyfriend?",
"roman": "Kareshi imasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"彼",
"かれ"
],
[
"氏",
"し"
]
],
"text": "彼氏いますか？"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to have"
],
"links": [
[
"have",
"have"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of animate objects) to have"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of animate objects"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Are you eating breakfast [now]?",
"roman": "Asagohan o tabete imasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"朝",
"あさ"
],
[
"飯",
"はん"
],
[
"食",
"た"
]
],
"text": "朝ご飯を食べていますか？"
},
{
"english": "literally, “Is this something that I can be quiet about!?”",
"ruby": [
[
"黙",
"だま"
]
],
"text": "黙っていられるもんか！\nDamatte irareru mon ka!\nLike hell this is something I can silently let pass!"
},
{
"english": "I'm telling you, I haven't done anything.",
"roman": "Nani mo shitenē tte.",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なに"
]
],
"text": "何もしてねーって。"
},
{
"english": "The children are playing.",
"roman": "Kodomo ga asonde iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"こ"
],
[
"供",
"ども"
],
[
"遊",
"あそ"
]
],
"text": "子供が遊んでいる。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi), after a verb in the て (-te) conjunctive form. Note that ている (-te iru) colloquially shortens to てる (-teru), ていた (-te ita) colloquially shortens to てた (-teta), etc.",
"Indicates a progressive or continuative tense: to be doing"
],
"links": [
[
"補助動詞",
"補助動詞#Japanese"
],
[
"て",
"て#Japanese"
],
[
"conjunctive form",
"Appendix:Japanese verbs#Other forms"
],
[
"いる",
"いる#Japanese"
],
[
"-te iru",
"-te iru#Japanese"
],
[
"てる",
"てる#Japanese"
],
[
"いた",
"いた#Japanese"
],
[
"-te ita",
"-te ita#Japanese"
],
[
"てた",
"てた#Japanese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Are you eating breakfast these days?",
"roman": "Asagohan o tabete imasu ka?",
"ruby": [
[
"朝",
"あさ"
],
[
"飯",
"はん"
],
[
"食",
"た"
]
],
"text": "朝ご飯を食べていますか？"
},
{
"text": "This is equivalent to using the simple non-past form of verbs (e.g. 食べますか (tabemasu ka) = 食べていますか (tabete imasu ka))."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi), after a verb in the て (-te) conjunctive form. Note that ている (-te iru) colloquially shortens to てる (-teru), ていた (-te ita) colloquially shortens to てた (-teta), etc.",
"Indicates a regular, repetitive action."
],
"links": [
[
"補助動詞",
"補助動詞#Japanese"
],
[
"て",
"て#Japanese"
],
[
"conjunctive form",
"Appendix:Japanese verbs#Other forms"
],
[
"いる",
"いる#Japanese"
],
[
"-te iru",
"-te iru#Japanese"
],
[
"てる",
"てる#Japanese"
],
[
"いた",
"いた#Japanese"
],
[
"-te ita",
"-te ita#Japanese"
],
[
"てた",
"てた#Japanese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There is a picture hanging on the wall.",
"roman": "Kabe ni wa e ga kakatte iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"壁",
"かべ"
],
[
"絵",
"え"
]
],
"text": "壁には絵がかかっている。"
},
{
"english": "The pig is fat.",
"roman": "Buta ga koete iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"豚",
"ぶた"
],
[
"肥",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "豚が肥えている。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as a 補助動詞 (hojo dōshi), after a verb in the て (-te) conjunctive form. Note that ている (-te iru) colloquially shortens to てる (-teru), ていた (-te ita) colloquially shortens to てた (-teta), etc.",
"Indicates a state resulting from the action."
],
"links": [
[
"補助動詞",
"補助動詞#Japanese"
],
[
"て",
"て#Japanese"
],
[
"conjunctive form",
"Appendix:Japanese verbs#Other forms"
],
[
"いる",
"いる#Japanese"
],
[
"-te iru",
"-te iru#Japanese"
],
[
"てる",
"てる#Japanese"
],
[
"いた",
"いた#Japanese"
],
[
"-te ita",
"-te ita#Japanese"
],
[
"てた",
"てた#Japanese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with obsolete senses",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "When he looked at it, there sat a very lovely human being about three sun long.",
"ref": "c. late 9th–mid-10th century, Taketori Monogatari それを見れば、三寸ばかりなる人いと美しうて居たり。 Sore wo mireba, sansun bakari naru fito ito utukusiute witari (Classical pronunciation)",
"ruby": [
[
"見",
"み"
],
[
"三",
"さん"
],
[
"寸",
"すん"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"美",
"うつく"
],
[
"居",
"ゐ"
]
],
"text": "Sore o mireba, sansun bakari naru hito ito utsukushūte itari. (modern pronunciation)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sit"
],
"links": [
[
"sit",
"sit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) to sit"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "いる"
},
{
"note": "Mishima",
"other": "[íꜜrù]"
},
{
"ipa": "[iɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "oru",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "おる"
},
{
"english": "of inanimate objects: to be",
"roman": "aru",
"word": "ある"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mishima Island, Yamaguchi",
"Nihon Shoki",
"Tokyo dialect"
],
"word": "いる"
}
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "soft-redirect",
"redirects": [
"要る",
"煎る",
"入る",
"鋳る",
"射る",
"沃る",
"率る",
"將る"
],
"word": "いる"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: i",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Japanese]; cleaned text: i",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"いる"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "いる",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.