"wino" meaning in English

See wino in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈwaɪnəʊ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wino (wine).wav , En-us-wino.oga Forms: winos [plural], winoes [plural]
Rhymes: -aɪnəʊ Etymology: From wine + -o (“person with characteristic”). Etymology templates: {{suffix|en|wine|o|t2=person with characteristic}} wine + -o (“person with characteristic”) Head templates: {{en-noun|s|winoes}} wino (plural winos or winoes)
  1. (derogatory) A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard. Tags: derogatory Categories (topical): Alcoholism Synonyms: alcoholic, drunk#Noun, drunkard
    Sense id: en-wino-en-noun-TD1JEnkD Disambiguation of Alcoholism: 32 32 21 15 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English heteronyms, English terms suffixed with -ino, Pages with 4 entries, Terms with Mandarin translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 12 40 36 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 16 17 36 31 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ino: 18 18 35 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 14 14 34 30 6 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 15 15 32 37
  2. (derogatory) A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard.
    (derogatory, especially) Such a drunkard who is homeless.
    Tags: derogatory, especially Categories (topical): Alcoholism Synonyms: alcoholic, drunk#Noun, drunkard Translations (alcoholic (pejorative)): ožrala [masculine] (Czech), sac à vin [masculine] (French), alcoolo (French), Alki [masculine] (German), Weinsäufer [masculine] (German), Weinsäuferin [feminine] (German), Saufbruder [masculine] (German), Saufschwester [feminine] (German), Wermutpenner [masculine] (German), Wermutpennerin [feminine] (German), Spriti [masculine] (German), alcolizzato [masculine] (Italian), spugna (Italian), beone (Italian), ubriacone (Italian), ubriaco [masculine] (Italian), catavinos [feminine, masculine] (Spanish), guaino (english: N Mexico) [slang] (Spanish), briago [Mexico, slang] (Spanish), borrachín [masculine] (Spanish), borracho [masculine] (Spanish) Translations (homeless alcoholic): clochard [masculine] (French), clodo [masculine] (French)
    Sense id: en-wino-en-noun-Nk6PtbKr Disambiguation of Alcoholism: 32 32 21 15 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English heteronyms, English terms suffixed with -ino, Pages with 4 entries, Terms with Mandarin translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 12 40 36 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 16 17 36 31 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ino: 18 18 35 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 14 14 34 30 6 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 15 15 32 37 Disambiguation of 'alcoholic (pejorative)': 43 54 3 Disambiguation of 'homeless alcoholic': 20 73 6
  3. (informal) A wine enthusiast. Tags: informal Categories (topical): Alcoholism, People Synonyms: oenophile
    Sense id: en-wino-en-noun-yNK0SR5E Disambiguation of Alcoholism: 32 32 21 15 Disambiguation of People: 25 25 45 6 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English heteronyms, English terms suffixed with -ino, English terms suffixed with -o, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 12 40 36 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 16 17 36 31 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ino: 18 18 35 29 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -o: 25 25 51 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 11 11 46 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 14 14 34 30 6 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 10 40 34 4 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 23 28 49 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 14 14 40 32 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 20 20 59 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 19 19 62 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 15 15 32 37 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 19 19 62
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: vinaceous, vinous, wininess, winy
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /ˈwiːnəʊ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wino (physics).wav , En-us-wino2.oga Forms: winos [plural]
Rhymes: -iːnəʊ Etymology: From W boson + -ino. Etymology templates: {{suffix|en|W boson|ino}} W boson + -ino Head templates: {{en-noun}} wino (plural winos)
  1. (physics) A hypothetical particle that is the superpartner of the W boson. Categories (topical): Physics, Alcoholism Translations (superpartner of the W boson): 超W子 (Chinese Mandarin), wino [masculine] (French)
    Sense id: en-wino-en-noun-f5~Q1gul Disambiguation of Alcoholism: 32 32 21 15 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English heteronyms, English terms suffixed with -ino, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Mandarin translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 12 12 40 36 Disambiguation of English heteronyms: 16 17 36 31 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ino: 18 18 35 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 14 14 34 30 6 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 10 40 34 4 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 15 15 32 37 Topics: natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

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        "1": "en",
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      "expansion": "wine + -o (“person with characteristic”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
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  "etymology_text": "From wine + -o (“person with characteristic”).",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
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          "ref": "2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 43:",
          "text": "My grandmother was a Puerto Rican wino from Spanish Harlem named Migdalia, but everybody called her Mimi. My moms and Aunt Dru were her only kids. Mimi was a tall, light-skinned woman with long wavy hair and high cheekbones. She drank cheap wine and laughed all day long.",
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        "(derogatory) A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard."
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        {
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          "text": "Near-synonyms: bum, hobo; see also Thesaurus:vagabond"
        },
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          "ref": "2012, Stephen King, 11/22/63, page 782:",
          "text": "I came out in an alley where a couple of winos were picking through a trash bin.",
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        "Such a drunkard who is homeless."
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        "(derogatory) A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard.",
        "(derogatory, especially) Such a drunkard who is homeless."
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          "word": "drunk#Noun"
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          "code": "fr",
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          "word": "sac à vin"
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          "code": "de",
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          ],
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        },
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          "_dis1": "43 54 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
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          ],
          "word": "Spriti"
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          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
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          ],
          "word": "alcolizzato"
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          "_dis1": "43 54 3",
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          "_dis1": "20 73 6",
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          "word": "clochard"
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      "glosses": [
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      ],
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          "wine"
        ],
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          "enthusiast"
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        "(informal) A wine enthusiast."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oenophile"
        }
      ],
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      ]
    }
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      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪnəʊ/"
    },
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      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28wine%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28wine%29.wav.mp3",
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    },
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-us-wino.oga"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪnəʊ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wino"
}

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  "etymology_text": "From W boson + -ino.",
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          "_dis": "15 15 32 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 32 21 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Alcoholism",
          "orig": "en:Alcoholism",
          "parents": [
            "Drinking",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A hypothetical particle that is the superpartner of the W boson."
      ],
      "id": "en-wino-en-noun-f5~Q1gul",
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "superpartner",
          "superpartner"
        ],
        [
          "W boson",
          "W boson"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) A hypothetical particle that is the superpartner of the W boson."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "superpartner of the W boson",
          "word": "超W子"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "superpartner of the W boson",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "wino"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwiːnəʊ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wino (physics).wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-wino2.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/En-us-wino2.oga/En-us-wino2.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/En-us-wino2.oga"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːnəʊ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wino"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms suffixed with -ino",
    "English terms suffixed with -o",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪnəʊ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪnəʊ/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/iːnəʊ",
    "Rhymes:English/iːnəʊ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "en:Alcoholism",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "wine",
        "3": "o",
        "t2": "person with characteristic"
      },
      "expansion": "wine + -o (“person with characteristic”)",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From wine + -o (“person with characteristic”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "winos",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "winoes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "winoes"
      },
      "expansion": "wino (plural winos or winoes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "vinaceous"
    },
    {
      "word": "vinous"
    },
    {
      "word": "wininess"
    },
    {
      "word": "winy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English derogatory terms",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2006, Noire [pseudonym], Thug-A-Licious: An Urban Erotic Tale, New York, N.Y.: One World, Ballantine Books, →ISBN, page 43:",
          "text": "My grandmother was a Puerto Rican wino from Spanish Harlem named Migdalia, but everybody called her Mimi. My moms and Aunt Dru were her only kids. Mimi was a tall, light-skinned woman with long wavy hair and high cheekbones. She drank cheap wine and laughed all day long.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "wine",
          "wine"
        ],
        [
          "alcohol",
          "alcohol"
        ],
        [
          "drunkard",
          "drunkard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory) A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "alcoholic"
        },
        {
          "word": "drunk#Noun"
        },
        {
          "word": "drunkard"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English derogatory terms",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Near-synonyms: bum, hobo; see also Thesaurus:vagabond"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Stephen King, 11/22/63, page 782:",
          "text": "I came out in an alley where a couple of winos were picking through a trash bin.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard.",
        "Such a drunkard who is homeless."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "wine",
          "wine"
        ],
        [
          "alcohol",
          "alcohol"
        ],
        [
          "drunkard",
          "drunkard"
        ],
        [
          "homeless",
          "homeless"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(derogatory) A chronic or heavy drinker of cheap wine or other alcohol; especially, a drunkard.",
        "(derogatory, especially) Such a drunkard who is homeless."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "alcoholic"
        },
        {
          "word": "drunk#Noun"
        },
        {
          "word": "drunkard"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English informal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A wine enthusiast."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wine",
          "wine"
        ],
        [
          "enthusiast",
          "enthusiast"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal) A wine enthusiast."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oenophile"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwaɪnəʊ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wino (wine).wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28wine%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28wine%29.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28wine%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28wine%29.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-wino.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/En-us-wino.oga/En-us-wino.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/En-us-wino.oga"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪnəʊ"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ožrala"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "sac à vin"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "word": "alcoolo"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Alki"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Weinsäufer"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Weinsäuferin"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Saufbruder"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Saufschwester"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Wermutpenner"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Wermutpennerin"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Spriti"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "alcolizzato"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "word": "spugna"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "word": "beone"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "word": "ubriacone"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ubriaco"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "catavinos"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "english": "N Mexico",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "guaino"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "Mexico",
        "slang"
      ],
      "word": "briago"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "borrachín"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "alcoholic (pejorative)",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "borracho"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "homeless alcoholic",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "clochard"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "homeless alcoholic",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "clodo"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wino"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English heteronyms",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ino",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/iːnəʊ",
    "Rhymes:English/iːnəʊ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "en:Alcoholism",
    "en:People"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "W boson",
        "3": "ino"
      },
      "expansion": "W boson + -ino",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From W boson + -ino.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "winos",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "wino (plural winos)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A hypothetical particle that is the superpartner of the W boson."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "superpartner",
          "superpartner"
        ],
        [
          "W boson",
          "W boson"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) A hypothetical particle that is the superpartner of the W boson."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈwiːnəʊ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wino (physics).wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wino_%28physics%29.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-wino2.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/En-us-wino2.oga/En-us-wino2.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/En-us-wino2.oga"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːnəʊ"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "superpartner of the W boson",
      "word": "超W子"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "superpartner of the W boson",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "wino"
    }
  ],
  "word": "wino"
}

Download raw JSONL data for wino meaning in English (8.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.