See vitriol in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vitriol meaning in English (11.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "blue vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "copper vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "elixir of vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "green vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hurl vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "iron vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "oil of vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "red vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Roman vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "salt of vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "spirit of vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vitriolage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vitriolate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vitriol attack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vitriolic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vitriolize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vitriol of Mars"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "white vitriol"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "vitrial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: vitrial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: vitrial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vitriol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Old French vitriol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "vitriolum",
"t": "sulphuric acid"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vitrum",
"t": "glass"
},
"expansion": "vitrum (“glass”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vitriols",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "vitriol (countable and uncountable, plural vitriols)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Any of various metal sulphates."
],
"id": "en-vitriol-en-noun-dljXamkT",
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"sulphate",
"sulphate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Any of various metal sulphates."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zāj",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زَاج"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "zağ"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "metalen sulfat",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "метален сулфат"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vitriool"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vitriolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vihtrilli"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aǯasṗi",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "აჯასპი"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vitrióli",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βιτριόλι"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitrial"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vetriolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "totiäiyn",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "тотияйын"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "zâj",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "زاج"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitríolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuporós",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "купоро́с"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "га̏лица"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "gȁlica"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitriolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "osp",
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azech"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vitriol"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "zok",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "зок"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"raw_tags": [
"Modern Turkish"
],
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "zaç"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "zaç",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "زاج"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kuporos",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "купорос"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 38 17 4 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 29 23 9 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 53 0 0 47 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid)."
],
"id": "en-vitriol-en-noun-6HE2S9uT",
"links": [
[
"Oil of vitriol",
"oil of vitriol"
],
[
"sulphuric acid",
"sulphuric acid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 38 17 4 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 29 23 9 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 November 2, Ken Belson, New York Times, retrieved 2012-11-02",
"text": "For days, online forums sparked with outrage against politicians and race organizers, a tone that turned to vitriol against runners, even from some shaming other runners for being selfish.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bitterly abusive language."
],
"id": "en-vitriol-en-noun-en:language",
"links": [
[
"Bitterly",
"bitterly"
],
[
"abusive",
"abusive"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Bitterly abusive language."
],
"senseid": [
"en:language"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɒl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vitriol"
],
"word": "vitriol"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vitriol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Old French vitriol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "vitriolum",
"t": "sulphuric acid"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vitrum",
"t": "glass"
},
"expansion": "vitrum (“glass”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vitriols",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vitrioling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vitriolling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vitrioled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vitrioled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vitriolled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vitriolled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "vitriolled",
"pres_ptc2": "vitriolling"
},
"expansion": "vitriol (third-person singular simple present vitriols, present participle vitrioling or vitriolling, simple past and past participle vitrioled or vitriolled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To subject to bitter verbal abuse."
],
"id": "en-vitriol-en-verb-SUnVcvK2",
"links": [
[
"verbal",
"verbal"
],
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To subject to bitter verbal abuse."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Metallurgy",
"orig": "en:Metallurgy",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Technology",
"Matter",
"All topics",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 38 17 4 32 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 29 23 9 30 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 53 0 0 47 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle."
],
"id": "en-vitriol-en-verb-JiR4ucdv",
"links": [
[
"metallurgy",
"metallurgy"
],
[
"dip",
"dip"
],
[
"dilute",
"dilute"
],
[
"sulphuric acid",
"sulphuric acid"
],
[
"pickle",
"pickle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, metallurgy) To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"metallurgy",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To vitriolize."
],
"id": "en-vitriol-en-verb-R4ExTmGY",
"links": [
[
"vitriolize",
"vitriolize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, colloquial) To vitriolize."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɒl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vitriol"
],
"word": "vitriol"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"en:Chemistry"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blue vitriol"
},
{
"word": "copper vitriol"
},
{
"word": "elixir of vitriol"
},
{
"word": "green vitriol"
},
{
"word": "hurl vitriol"
},
{
"word": "iron vitriol"
},
{
"word": "oil of vitriol"
},
{
"word": "red vitriol"
},
{
"word": "Roman vitriol"
},
{
"word": "salt of vitriol"
},
{
"word": "spirit of vitriol"
},
{
"word": "vitriolage"
},
{
"word": "vitriolate"
},
{
"word": "vitriol attack"
},
{
"word": "vitriolic"
},
{
"word": "vitriolize"
},
{
"word": "vitriol of Mars"
},
{
"word": "white vitriol"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "vitrial",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Irish: vitrial",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Irish: vitrial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vitriol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Old French vitriol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "vitriolum",
"t": "sulphuric acid"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vitrum",
"t": "glass"
},
"expansion": "vitrum (“glass”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vitriols",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "vitriol (countable and uncountable, plural vitriols)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various metal sulphates."
],
"links": [
[
"metal",
"metal"
],
[
"sulphate",
"sulphate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Any of various metal sulphates."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid)."
],
"links": [
[
"Oil of vitriol",
"oil of vitriol"
],
[
"sulphuric acid",
"sulphuric acid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated) Oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"dated",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 November 2, Ken Belson, New York Times, retrieved 2012-11-02",
"text": "For days, online forums sparked with outrage against politicians and race organizers, a tone that turned to vitriol against runners, even from some shaming other runners for being selfish.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bitterly abusive language."
],
"links": [
[
"Bitterly",
"bitterly"
],
[
"abusive",
"abusive"
],
[
"language",
"language"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Bitterly abusive language."
],
"senseid": [
"en:language"
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɒl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zāj",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زَاج"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "zağ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "metalen sulfat",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "метален сулфат"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vitriool"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vitriolo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vihtrilli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitriol"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "aǯasṗi",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "აჯასპი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Vitriol"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vitrióli",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βιτριόλι"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitrial"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vetriolo"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "totiäiyn",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "тотияйын"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "zâj",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "زاج"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitríolo"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kuporós",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "купоро́с"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "га̏лица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "gȁlica"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vitriolo"
},
{
"code": "osp",
"lang": "Old Spanish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azech"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "vitriol"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "zok",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "зок"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"raw_tags": [
"Modern Turkish"
],
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "zaç"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "zaç",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"word": "زاج"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kuporos",
"sense": "various metal sulphates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "купорос"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vitriol"
],
"word": "vitriol"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English 3-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"en:Chemistry"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Middle English vitriol",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "vitriol"
},
"expansion": "Old French vitriol",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "vitriolum",
"t": "sulphuric acid"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "vitrum",
"t": "glass"
},
"expansion": "vitrum (“glass”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English vitriol, from Old French vitriol, from Medieval Latin vitriolum (“sulphuric acid”), from vitrum (“glass”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vitriols",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "vitrioling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vitriolling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "vitrioled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vitrioled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vitriolled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "vitriolled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "vitriolled",
"pres_ptc2": "vitriolling"
},
"expansion": "vitriol (third-person singular simple present vitriols, present participle vitrioling or vitriolling, simple past and past participle vitrioled or vitriolled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To subject to bitter verbal abuse."
],
"links": [
[
"verbal",
"verbal"
],
[
"abuse",
"abuse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To subject to bitter verbal abuse."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Metallurgy"
],
"glosses": [
"To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle."
],
"links": [
[
"metallurgy",
"metallurgy"
],
[
"dip",
"dip"
],
[
"dilute",
"dilute"
],
[
"sulphuric acid",
"sulphuric acid"
],
[
"pickle",
"pickle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, metallurgy) To dip in dilute sulphuric acid; to pickle."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"metallurgy",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To vitriolize."
],
"links": [
[
"vitriolize",
"vitriolize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, colloquial) To vitriolize."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɑl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiɒl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɪtɹiəl/",
"tags": [
"Canada"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vitriol.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vitriol"
],
"word": "vitriol"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.