See underestimate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “to perceive as having lower value”",
"word": "overestimate"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "understate"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under-",
"3": "estimate"
},
"expansion": "under- + estimate",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From under- + estimate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "underestimates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "underestimating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "underestimated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "underestimated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "underestimate (third-person singular simple present underestimates, present participle underestimating, simple past and past participle underestimated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 30 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 September 6, Philip Haigh, “£30 billion plan to transform the rail network in Ireland”, in RAIL, number 991, page 25:",
"text": "It recalls the business case for Scotland's reopening of the Borders Railway to Tweedbank, that British Rail closed in 1969. The review says the business case for this was at best borderline, but goes on to say that the case greatly underestimated passenger demand and that the railway Scotland built has capped its capacity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To estimate too low; to perceive (someone or something) as having a lower value, quantity, worth, etc., than what he/she/it actually has."
],
"id": "en-underestimate-en-verb-QMW8VTqQ",
"links": [
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To estimate too low; to perceive (someone or something) as having a lower value, quantity, worth, etc., than what he/she/it actually has."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istaḵaffa",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "اِسْتَخَفَّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istahāna",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "اِسْتَهَانَ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻeragnahatel",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "թերագնահատել"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaacénʹvacʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недаацэ́ньваць"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaacanícʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недаацані́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podcenjávam",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подценя́вам"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podcenjá",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подценя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dīgū",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "低估"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "podcenit"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervurdere"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "onderschatten"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subtaksi"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "aliarvioida"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "sous-estimer"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "unterschätzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypotimó",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "υποτιμώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypoektimó",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "υποεκτιμώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zilzél",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "זִלְזֵל"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "alábecsül"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "sottovalutare"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "sottostimare"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kashōhyōka suru",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "過小評価する"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "anadoru",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "侮る"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nameru",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "舐める"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gwasopyeonggahada",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "과소평가하다"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "ënnerschätzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervurdere"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervurdere"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaniżać"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaniżyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "nie doceniać"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "menosprezar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "fazer pouco"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subevalua"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestima"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedoocénivatʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недооце́нивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedoocenítʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недооцени́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подцењивати"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подценити"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podceňovať"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podceniť"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podcenjevati"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podceniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "underskatta"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervärdera"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "maliitin"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "takkuva añcanā vēyu",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "తక్కువ అంచనా వేయు"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "duu tùuk duu klæn",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "ดูถูกดูแคลน"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "azımsamak"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "hafife almak"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "küçümsemek"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nedoocínjuvaty",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недооці́нювати"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nedoocinýty",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недооціни́ти"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 20 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 19 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 30 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 21 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 17 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 13 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "31 22 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "20 19 61",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "20 19 60",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "18 15 67",
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{
"_dis": "14 13 73",
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "21 16 63",
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{
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{
"_dis": "20 19 61",
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I totally underestimated the task.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Jane Adamson, Othello As Tragedy: Some Problems of Judgement and Feeling, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 12:",
"text": "My point, therefore, in beginning with what everyone knows are the two main views of Othello (and hence Othello) is not to adjudicate between them, nor to dismiss both, nor to fence-sit, but to suggest that each answers to something important in the play – which also means that each underestimates something important as well.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1985 April 27, Sue Hyde, “Sunday Brunch with a Harbor View”, in Gay Community News, page 8:",
"text": "Both egg dishes were accompanied by roasted baby red potatoes and fresh, baked-on-the-premises orange spice muffins with a pot of whipped butter. We cannot underestimate the gustatorial importance of the potato side dish.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 March 12, Jessica Grose, “We’re Spending More Time Alone. Maybe It’s Because We’re Exhausted.”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "I was alone when I read Ward’s piece, horizontal in bed after a long day, and it occurred to me that he might be misdiagnosing some of the reasons people appear to be spending more time alone, possibly underestimating the strength of virtual connections.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perceive or expect (someone or something) to be less significant or difficult than it actually is."
],
"id": "en-underestimate-en-verb-lwBN8xQG",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To perceive or expect (someone or something) to be less significant or difficult than it actually is."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.meɪt/"
},
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "belittle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "make light of"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "misjudge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "misunderestimate"
}
],
"word": "underestimate"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "overestimate"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under-",
"3": "estimate"
},
"expansion": "under- + estimate",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From under- + estimate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "underestimates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "underestimate (plural underestimates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 30 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with under-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An estimate that is too low."
],
"id": "en-underestimate-en-noun-iiTnf-w6",
"links": [
[
"estimate",
"estimate"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "underestimation"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻeragnahatum",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"word": "թերագնահատում"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaacénka",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недаацэ́нка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nedoocénka",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недооце́нка"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "onderschatting"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"word": "alhainen arvio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"word": "aliarviointi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sous-estimation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unterschätzung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sottostima"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sottovalutazione"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "niedocenienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "niedoszacowanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zbyt niskie oszacowanie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedoocénka",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недооце́нка"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "underskattning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "undervärdering"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mɪt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mət/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "underestimate"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"sense": "antonym(s) of “to perceive as having lower value”",
"word": "overestimate"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with under-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "understate"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people"
},
{
"word": "nobody ever went broke underestimating the taste of the American people"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under-",
"3": "estimate"
},
"expansion": "under- + estimate",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From under- + estimate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "underestimates",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "underestimating",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "underestimated",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "underestimated",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "underestimate (third-person singular simple present underestimates, present participle underestimating, simple past and past participle underestimated)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 September 6, Philip Haigh, “£30 billion plan to transform the rail network in Ireland”, in RAIL, number 991, page 25:",
"text": "It recalls the business case for Scotland's reopening of the Borders Railway to Tweedbank, that British Rail closed in 1969. The review says the business case for this was at best borderline, but goes on to say that the case greatly underestimated passenger demand and that the railway Scotland built has capped its capacity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To estimate too low; to perceive (someone or something) as having a lower value, quantity, worth, etc., than what he/she/it actually has."
],
"links": [
[
"perceive",
"perceive"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"value",
"value"
],
[
"quantity",
"quantity"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To estimate too low; to perceive (someone or something) as having a lower value, quantity, worth, etc., than what he/she/it actually has."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I totally underestimated the task.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Jane Adamson, Othello As Tragedy: Some Problems of Judgement and Feeling, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 12:",
"text": "My point, therefore, in beginning with what everyone knows are the two main views of Othello (and hence Othello) is not to adjudicate between them, nor to dismiss both, nor to fence-sit, but to suggest that each answers to something important in the play – which also means that each underestimates something important as well.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1985 April 27, Sue Hyde, “Sunday Brunch with a Harbor View”, in Gay Community News, page 8:",
"text": "Both egg dishes were accompanied by roasted baby red potatoes and fresh, baked-on-the-premises orange spice muffins with a pot of whipped butter. We cannot underestimate the gustatorial importance of the potato side dish.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022 March 12, Jessica Grose, “We’re Spending More Time Alone. Maybe It’s Because We’re Exhausted.”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "I was alone when I read Ward’s piece, horizontal in bed after a long day, and it occurred to me that he might be misdiagnosing some of the reasons people appear to be spending more time alone, possibly underestimating the strength of virtual connections.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perceive or expect (someone or something) to be less significant or difficult than it actually is."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To perceive or expect (someone or something) to be less significant or difficult than it actually is."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.meɪt/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-underestimate.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "belittle"
},
{
"word": "make light of"
},
{
"word": "misjudge"
},
{
"word": "misunderestimate"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istaḵaffa",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "اِسْتَخَفَّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istahāna",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "اِسْتَهَانَ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻeragnahatel",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "թերագնահատել"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaacénʹvacʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недаацэ́ньваць"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaacanícʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недаацані́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podcenjávam",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подценя́вам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podcenjá",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подценя́"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dīgū",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "低估"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "podcenit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervurdere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "onderschatten"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subtaksi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "aliarvioida"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "sous-estimer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "unterschätzen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypotimó",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "υποτιμώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypoektimó",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "υποεκτιμώ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zilzél",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "זִלְזֵל"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "alábecsül"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "sottovalutare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "sottostimare"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kashōhyōka suru",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "過小評価する"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "anadoru",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "侮る"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nameru",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "舐める"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gwasopyeonggahada",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "과소평가하다"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "ënnerschätzen"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervurdere"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervurdere"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zaniżać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zaniżyć"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "nie doceniać"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "menosprezar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "fazer pouco"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subevalua"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestima"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedoocénivatʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недооце́нивать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedoocenítʹ",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недооцени́ть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "подцењивати"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "подценити"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podceňovať"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podceniť"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "podcenjevati"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "podceniti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "subestimar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "underskatta"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "undervärdera"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "maliitin"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "takkuva añcanā vēyu",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "తక్కువ అంచనా వేయు"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "duu tùuk duu klæn",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "ดูถูกดูแคลน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "azımsamak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "hafife almak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"word": "küçümsemek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nedoocínjuvaty",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "недооці́нювати"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nedoocinýty",
"sense": "to perceive as having lower value",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "недооціни́ти"
}
],
"word": "underestimate"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "overestimate"
}
],
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms prefixed with under-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "under-",
"3": "estimate"
},
"expansion": "under- + estimate",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From under- + estimate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "underestimates",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "underestimate (plural underestimates)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An estimate that is too low."
],
"links": [
[
"estimate",
"estimate"
],
[
"low",
"low"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mɪt/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.mət/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-underestimate2.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "underestimation"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻeragnahatum",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"word": "թերագնահատում"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "njedaacénka",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недаацэ́нка"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "nedoocénka",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недооце́нка"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "onderschatting"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"word": "alhainen arvio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"word": "aliarviointi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sous-estimation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Unterschätzung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sottostima"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sottovalutazione"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "niedocenienie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "niedoszacowanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zbyt niskie oszacowanie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nedoocénka",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "недооце́нка"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "underskattning"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "an estimate that is too low",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "undervärdering"
}
],
"word": "underestimate"
}
Download raw JSONL data for underestimate meaning in English (17.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (bb46d54 and 0c3c9f6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.