"sputum" meaning in English

See sputum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: sputums [plural], sputa [plural]
Etymology: From New Latin, from Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”), from spuere (“to spit”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|NL.|-}} New Latin, {{der|en|la|sputum||that which is spit out, spittle}} Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”) Head templates: {{en-noun|~|s|sputa}} sputum (countable and uncountable, plural sputums or sputa)
  1. (physiology) Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Bodily fluids, Physiology Translations (matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth): πτύσμα (ptúsma) [neuter] (Ancient Greek), խորխ (xorx) (Armenian), ҡаҡырыҡ (qaqırıq) (Bashkir), храчки (hrački) [feminine, plural] (Bulgarian), esput [masculine] (Catalan), sputum [neuter] (Czech), chrchel [masculine] (Czech), yskös (Finnish), esgarro (Galician), lapo [masculine] (Galician), ნერწყვი (nerc̣q̇vi) (Georgian), დორბლი (dorbli) (Georgian), შისველე (šisvele) (Georgian), Sputum [neuter] (German), köpet (Hungarian), váladék (Hungarian), 가래 (garae) (Korean), plwocina [feminine] (Polish), escarro [masculine] (Portuguese), мокрота (mokrota) [feminine] (Russian), esputo [masculine] (Spanish), escupitajo [masculine] (Spanish), gargajo [masculine] (Spanish), lapo [masculine] (Spanish), balaghamu (Swahili), kohozi (Swahili), balgam (Turkish), đờm (Vietnamese), đàm (Vietnamese)

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "sputum",
        "4": "",
        "5": "that which is spit out, spittle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From New Latin, from Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”), from spuere (“to spit”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sputums",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sputa",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~",
        "2": "s",
        "3": "sputa"
      },
      "expansion": "sputum (countable and uncountable, plural sputums or sputa)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bashkir terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Bodily fluids",
          "orig": "en:Bodily fluids",
          "parents": [
            "Body parts",
            "Liquids",
            "Body",
            "Anatomy",
            "Matter",
            "All topics",
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Fundamental",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "Health"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Physiology",
          "orig": "en:Physiology",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Health",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 37 27 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 36 28 2 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2018, Louis Rosenfeld, Four Centuries of Clinical Chemistry:",
          "text": "In the early 1890s the work in the laboratory consisted of postmortems, urinalyses, and examination of sputums.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 February 24, James Hamblin, “You’re Likely to Get the Coronavirus”, in The Atlantic:",
          "text": "At the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, the boy’s sputum sat for a month, waiting for its turn in a slow process of antibody-matching analysis.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus."
      ],
      "id": "en-sputum-en-noun-J8E850aV",
      "links": [
        [
          "physiology",
          "physiology"
        ],
        [
          "expectorate",
          "expectorate"
        ],
        [
          "saliva",
          "saliva"
        ],
        [
          "mucus",
          "mucus"
        ],
        [
          "phlegm",
          "phlegm"
        ],
        [
          "pus",
          "pus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physiology) Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "physiology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "xorx",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "խորխ"
        },
        {
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "qaqırıq",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "ҡаҡырыҡ"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "hrački",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "храчки"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "esput"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "sputum"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chrchel"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "yskös"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "esgarro"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lapo"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "nerc̣q̇vi",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "ნერწყვი"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "dorbli",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "დორბლი"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "šisvele",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "შისველე"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Sputum"
        },
        {
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "ptúsma",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "πτύσμα"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "köpet"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "váladék"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "garae",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "가래"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "plwocina"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "escarro"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mokrota",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "мокрота"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "esputo"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "escupitajo"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gargajo"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lapo"
        },
        {
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "balaghamu"
        },
        {
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "kohozi"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "balgam"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "đờm"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
          "word": "đàm"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "sputum"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "la:Bodily fluids"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "NL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "New Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "sputum",
        "4": "",
        "5": "that which is spit out, spittle"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From New Latin, from Latin sputum (“that which is spit out, spittle”), from spuere (“to spit”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "sputums",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sputa",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~",
        "2": "s",
        "3": "sputa"
      },
      "expansion": "sputum (countable and uncountable, plural sputums or sputa)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bashkir terms with redundant script codes",
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English nouns with irregular plurals",
        "English terms borrowed from New Latin",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English terms derived from New Latin",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
        "Terms with Armenian translations",
        "Terms with Bashkir translations",
        "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with Galician translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swahili translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
        "en:Bodily fluids",
        "en:Physiology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2018, Louis Rosenfeld, Four Centuries of Clinical Chemistry:",
          "text": "In the early 1890s the work in the laboratory consisted of postmortems, urinalyses, and examination of sputums.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 February 24, James Hamblin, “You’re Likely to Get the Coronavirus”, in The Atlantic:",
          "text": "At the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, the boy’s sputum sat for a month, waiting for its turn in a slow process of antibody-matching analysis.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physiology",
          "physiology"
        ],
        [
          "expectorate",
          "expectorate"
        ],
        [
          "saliva",
          "saliva"
        ],
        [
          "mucus",
          "mucus"
        ],
        [
          "phlegm",
          "phlegm"
        ],
        [
          "pus",
          "pus"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physiology) Matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth, composed of saliva and discharges from the respiratory passages such as mucus, phlegm or pus."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "physiology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "xorx",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "խորխ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "qaqırıq",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "ҡаҡырыҡ"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "hrački",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "храчки"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esput"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "sputum"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chrchel"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "yskös"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "esgarro"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lapo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "nerc̣q̇vi",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "ნერწყვი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "dorbli",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "დორბლი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "šisvele",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "შისველე"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Sputum"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "ptúsma",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "πτύσμα"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "köpet"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "váladék"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "garae",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "가래"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "plwocina"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "escarro"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mokrota",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "мокрота"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "esputo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "escupitajo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gargajo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lapo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "balaghamu"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "kohozi"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "balgam"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "đờm"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "matter coughed up and expectorated from the mouth",
      "word": "đàm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sputum"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sputum meaning in English (7.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.