See spinster in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spynnestere",
"t": "woman who spins fibre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spynnestere (“woman who spins fibre”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spin",
"3": "ster"
},
"expansion": "spin + -ster",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spynnestere (“woman who spins fibre”), from c. 1350; equivalent to spin + -ster. The semantic development is from a historical notion of unmarried women spinning thread for a living.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spinsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spinster (plural spinsters)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bachelor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bachelorette"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "divorcee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "thornback"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "widow"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1628–1644, Edw[ard] Coke, (please specify |part=1 to 4), London:",
"text": "If […] a woman be named spinster, she may abate […]the same [writ].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A woman who has never been married, especially one past the typical marrying age according to social traditions."
],
"id": "en-spinster-en-noun-mzxV0EN4",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"married",
"married"
],
[
"typical",
"typical"
],
[
"marrying",
"marrying"
],
[
"age",
"age"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) A woman who has never been married, especially one past the typical marrying age according to social traditions."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "old maid"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
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},
{
"_dis": "41 54 0 5 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Female people",
"orig": "en:Female people",
"parents": [
"Female",
"People",
"Gender",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
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},
{
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"kind": "topical",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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},
{
"_dis": "13 42 5 6 33",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Spiders",
"orig": "en:Spiders",
"parents": [
"Arachnids",
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"One who spins (puts a spin on) a political media story so as to give something a favorable or advantageous appearance; a spin doctor, spin merchant or spinmeister."
],
"id": "en-spinster-en-noun-qr1cBOse",
"links": [
[
"spin",
"spin"
],
[
"political",
"political"
],
[
"media",
"media"
],
[
"spin doctor",
"spin doctor"
],
[
"spin merchant",
"spin merchant"
],
[
"spinmeister",
"spinmeister"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 73 3 4 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one who spins a political media story",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spindoctor"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:",
"text": "The spinsters and the knitters in the sun.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone whose occupation was spinning thread."
],
"id": "en-spinster-en-noun-mKfS-IaE",
"links": [
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
],
[
"spinning",
"spinning"
],
[
"thread",
"thread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Someone whose occupation was spinning thread."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "filador"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "filadora"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spinner"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spinster"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spinner"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spinnerin"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "kehrääjä"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fileur"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fileuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiandeiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fiandeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "kézifonónő"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ben sneeuee"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "spynnestere"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "spynnere"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiadeiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fiadeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sučilʹščica",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сучильщица"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 8 74 10 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prjadilʹščica",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "прядильщица"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A woman of evil life and character; so called from being forced to spin in a house of correction."
],
"id": "en-spinster-en-noun-5dOibEgA",
"links": [
[
"house of correction",
"house of correction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A woman of evil life and character; so called from being forced to spin in a house of correction."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A spider; an insect (such as a silkworm) which spins thread."
],
"id": "en-spinster-en-noun-mV8ro5e4",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, dialectal) A spider; an insect (such as a silkworm) which spins thread."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪnstə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spinster.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪnstɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "oujongnooi"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕānis",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَانِس"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qart qıź",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ҡарт ҡыҙ"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "neskazahar"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "starája dzjéva",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стара́я дзе́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stára móma",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ста́ра мо́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conca"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "ojna",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ойна"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎochǔnǚ",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "老處女 /老处女"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèngnǚ",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "剩女"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stará panna"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pebermø"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oude vrijster"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ongehuwde vrouw"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vanatüdruk"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vanhapiika"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vieille fille"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poula"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solteirona"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alte Jungfer"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Junggesellin"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "unverheiratete Frau"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "älteres Fräulein"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gerontokóri",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γεροντοκόρη"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vénkisasszony"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "damzelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vanhatyttö"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bean shingil"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ga",
"english": "aging spinster",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "puisbhean"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zitella"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ja",
"english": "old miss",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ōrudo misu",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "オールドミス"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"alt": "うれのこり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "urenokori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "売れ残り"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haimisu",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ハイミス"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kärıqyz",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "кәріқыз"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oldeu miseu",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "올드 미스"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"alt": "老處女",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nocheonyeo",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "노처녀"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"alt": "老處女",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "rocheonyeo",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "로처녀"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "nāng sāo kǣ",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ນາງສາວແກ່"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "senmergė"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "khb",
"lang": "Lü",
"roman": "ṡaawṫhaw²",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ᦉᦱᧁᦏᧁᧉ"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "stara moma",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стара мома"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ben sneeuee"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "wahine takakau"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "takakau"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "wahine taumaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "maro kau"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "marokore"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "wahine kiritapu"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "attergløyme"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "peppermø"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "peppermøy"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attergløyme"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peparmøy"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stara panna"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solteira"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solteirona"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encalhada"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fată bătrână"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stáraja déva",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ста́рая де́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vekovúxa",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "векову́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seana-mhaighdeann"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бабадевојка"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бабадјевојка"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "усѝделица"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "усѝдјелица"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "babadevojka"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "babadjevojka"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "usìdelica"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "usìdjelica"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "sǎao kàae",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "သၢဝ်ၵႄႇ"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schetta"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stará panna"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stara devica"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "lefetwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solterona"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "quedada"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ungmö"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fröken"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "tl",
"english": "old maid",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "pindangga"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "tʉ́ʉa",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "เทื้อ"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ทึนทึก"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "สาวทึนทึก"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "สาวแก่"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "kalmış"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stará díva",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стара́ ді́ва"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "bà cô già"
},
{
"_dis1": "33 21 3 35 9",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hen ferch"
}
],
"word": "spinster"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ster",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lü translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shan translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Sotho translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Female people",
"en:People",
"en:Spiders"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "spynnestere",
"t": "woman who spins fibre"
},
"expansion": "Middle English spynnestere (“woman who spins fibre”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spin",
"3": "ster"
},
"expansion": "spin + -ster",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English spynnestere (“woman who spins fibre”), from c. 1350; equivalent to spin + -ster. The semantic development is from a historical notion of unmarried women spinning thread for a living.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "spinsters",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "spinster (plural spinsters)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bachelor"
},
{
"word": "bachelorette"
},
{
"word": "divorcee"
},
{
"word": "thornback"
},
{
"word": "widow"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1628–1644, Edw[ard] Coke, (please specify |part=1 to 4), London:",
"text": "If […] a woman be named spinster, she may abate […]the same [writ].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A woman who has never been married, especially one past the typical marrying age according to social traditions."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"married",
"married"
],
[
"typical",
"typical"
],
[
"marrying",
"marrying"
],
[
"age",
"age"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes derogatory) A woman who has never been married, especially one past the typical marrying age according to social traditions."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "old maid"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One who spins (puts a spin on) a political media story so as to give something a favorable or advantageous appearance; a spin doctor, spin merchant or spinmeister."
],
"links": [
[
"spin",
"spin"
],
[
"political",
"political"
],
[
"media",
"media"
],
[
"spin doctor",
"spin doctor"
],
[
"spin merchant",
"spin merchant"
],
[
"spinmeister",
"spinmeister"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1601–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Twelfe Night, or What You Will”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:",
"text": "The spinsters and the knitters in the sun.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Someone whose occupation was spinning thread."
],
"links": [
[
"occupation",
"occupation"
],
[
"spinning",
"spinning"
],
[
"thread",
"thread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Someone whose occupation was spinning thread."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A woman of evil life and character; so called from being forced to spin in a house of correction."
],
"links": [
[
"house of correction",
"house of correction"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A woman of evil life and character; so called from being forced to spin in a house of correction."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A spider; an insect (such as a silkworm) which spins thread."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, dialectal) A spider; an insect (such as a silkworm) which spins thread."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪnstə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-spinster.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-spinster.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈspɪnstɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "oujongnooi"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕānis",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عَانِس"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "qart qıź",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ҡарт ҡыҙ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "neskazahar"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "starája dzjéva",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стара́я дзе́ва"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stára móma",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ста́ра мо́ма"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conca"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "ojna",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ойна"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lǎochǔnǚ",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "老處女 /老处女"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèngnǚ",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "剩女"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stará panna"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pebermø"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oude vrijster"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ongehuwde vrouw"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vanatüdruk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vanhapiika"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vieille fille"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "poula"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solteirona"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "alte Jungfer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Junggesellin"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "unverheiratete Frau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "älteres Fräulein"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gerontokóri",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γεροντοκόρη"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vénkisasszony"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "damzelo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "vanhatyttö"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bean shingil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"english": "aging spinster",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "puisbhean"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zitella"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"english": "old miss",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ōrudo misu",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "オールドミス"
},
{
"alt": "うれのこり",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "urenokori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "売れ残り"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haimisu",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ハイミス"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "kärıqyz",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "кәріқыз"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oldeu miseu",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "올드 미스"
},
{
"alt": "老處女",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "nocheonyeo",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "노처녀"
},
{
"alt": "老處女",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "rocheonyeo",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"North-Korea"
],
"word": "로처녀"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "nāng sāo kǣ",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ນາງສາວແກ່"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "senmergė"
},
{
"code": "khb",
"lang": "Lü",
"roman": "ṡaawṫhaw²",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ᦉᦱᧁᦏᧁᧉ"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "stara moma",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стара мома"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ben sneeuee"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "wahine takakau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "takakau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "wahine taumaro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "maro kau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "marokore"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "wahine kiritapu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "attergløyme"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "peppermø"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "peppermøy"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attergløyme"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peparmøy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stara panna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solteira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solteirona"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encalhada"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fată bătrână"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stáraja déva",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ста́рая де́ва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vekovúxa",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "векову́ха"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "seana-mhaighdeann"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бабадевојка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "бабадјевојка"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "усѝделица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "усѝдјелица"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "babadevojka"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "babadjevojka"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "usìdelica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "usìdjelica"
},
{
"code": "shn",
"lang": "Shan",
"roman": "sǎao kàae",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "သၢဝ်ၵႄႇ"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schetta"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stará panna"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stara devica"
},
{
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "lefetwa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "solterona"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "quedada"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ungmö"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fröken"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"english": "old maid",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "pindangga"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "tʉ́ʉa",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "เทื้อ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "ทึนทึก"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "สาวทึนทึก"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "สาวแก่"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "kalmış"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stará díva",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "стара́ ді́ва"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"word": "bà cô già"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "unmarried woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hen ferch"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "one who spins a political media story",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spindoctor"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "filador"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "filadora"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spinner"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spinster"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spinner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spinnerin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "kehrääjä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fileur"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fileuse"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiandeiro"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fiandeira"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "kézifonónő"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ben sneeuee"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "spynnestere"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"word": "spynnere"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiadeiro"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fiadeira"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sučilʹščica",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сучильщица"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prjadilʹščica",
"sense": "obsolete: occupation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "прядильщица"
}
],
"word": "spinster"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spinster meaning in English (17.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.