See speculation in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"alt": "on spec",
"english": "on speculation",
"word": "Creating a work with the hope of selling it"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "on commission",
"word": "as opposed to creating a work for hire"
}
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"2": "inh",
"3": "enm>speculation>thinking",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMiddle English speculation\nEnglish speculation",
"name": "etymon"
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{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "speculacioun"
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"expansion": "Middle English speculacioun",
"name": "inh"
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"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "speculation"
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"expansion": "Old French speculation",
"name": "der"
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"2": "spéculation"
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"expansion": "French spéculation",
"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "LL.",
"3": "speculātiō",
"4": "speculātiō, speculātiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin speculātiō, speculātiōnem",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "speculor"
},
"expansion": "Latin speculor",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "speculate",
"3": "ion",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "speculate + -ion",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nMiddle English speculation\nEnglish speculation\nFrom Middle English speculacioun, speculation, from Old French speculation (compare French spéculation), from Late Latin speculātiō, speculātiōnem, from Latin speculor.\nMorphologically speculate + -ion",
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"form": "speculations",
"tags": [
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}
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"expansion": "speculation (countable and uncountable, plural speculations)",
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"spec‧u‧la‧tion"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:",
"text": "Thou hast no speculation in those eyes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The faculty of sight."
],
"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-SZ9~78Yg",
"links": [
[
"sight",
"sight"
]
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"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The faculty of sight."
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"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
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"sense": "power of sight",
"word": "näkö"
}
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{
"ref": "1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview, published 2001, page 115:",
"text": "[T]he expression of exultation and content on their animated faces, is one of my most delicious speculations.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of looking at something; examination, observation."
],
"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-GWv0nWbQ",
"links": [
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"looking",
"looking"
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[
"examination",
"examination"
],
[
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"observation"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An act of looking at something; examination, observation."
],
"tags": [
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"obsolete",
"uncountable"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 82 2 3 2 3 3 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "examination by the eye",
"word": "tarkastelu"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Thenceforth to speculations high or deep I turned my thoughts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Humours and Dispositions of the Laputians Described. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part III (A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdribb, Luggnagg, and Japan), pages 16–17:",
"text": "It ſeems, the Minds of theſe People are ſo taken up with intenſe Speculations, that they neither can ſpeak, nor attend to the Diſcourſes of others, without being rouzed by ſome external Taction upon the Organs of Speech and Hearing; for which reaſon, thoſe Perſons who are able to afford it always keep a Flapper (the Original is Climenole) in their Family, as one of their Domeſticks, nor ever walk abroad or make Viſits without him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012 December 3, Caroline Davies, The Guardian:",
"text": "The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have ended months of intense speculation by announcing they are expecting their first child, but were forced to share their news earlier than hoped because of the Duchess's admission to hospital on Monday.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process or act of thinking or meditating on a subject."
],
"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-U1Tkp1q0",
"links": [
[
"thinking",
"thinking"
],
[
"meditating",
"meditating"
]
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"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razmišlénie",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "размишле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "ca",
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"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulació"
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{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "pohdinta"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "mietiskely"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "järkeily"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "päättely"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "spekulaatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "fr",
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"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spéculation"
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"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "kōrero takuahi"
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"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spekulasjon"
},
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"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
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],
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"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "pl",
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"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spekulacja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "pt",
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"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "ru",
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"roman": "razmyšlénije",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "размышле́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 6 38 17 7 3 7 2 19",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
}
]
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{
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{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Philosophy",
"orig": "en:Philosophy",
"parents": [
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"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-wMLXMcgs",
"links": [
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"philosophy"
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"a priori"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) The act or process of reasoning a priori from premises given or assumed."
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
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"philosophy",
"sciences"
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"_dis1": "1 4 5 70 3 2 6 4 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"word": "päättely"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 5 70 3 2 6 4 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spekulation"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 5 70 3 2 6 4 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Betrachtung"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 5 70 3 2 6 4 5",
"code": "pl",
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"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spekulacja"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 4 5 70 3 2 6 4 5",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекуля́ція"
}
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"ref": "1690, William Temple, Miscellanea. The Second Part. […], London: […] T. M. for Ri[chard] and Ra[lph] Simpson, […], →OCLC, page 23:",
"text": "[N]ear the Age of Socrates lived their Great and Renowned Confutius, who began the ſame Deſign, of reclaiming Men from the uſeless and endleſs Speculations of Nature, to thoſe of Morality.",
"type": "quote"
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"text": "To his speculations on these subjects he gave the lofty name of the \"Oracles of Reason\".",
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"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-3-3FbaJj",
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{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "bg",
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"roman": "predpoložénie",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
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"word": "предположе́ние"
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"code": "nl",
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"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
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"word": "giswerk"
},
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"code": "nl",
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"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
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"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "fi",
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"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "johtopäätös"
},
{
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"code": "fr",
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"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
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"word": "spéculation"
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"code": "de",
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"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Spekulation"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "spekulasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "mi",
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"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "pūmāramarama"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "mi",
"english": "without foundation, idle",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "kōrero takuahi"
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{
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"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
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"word": "especulação"
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{
"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpoložénije",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предположе́ние"
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"_dis1": "3 9 5 9 47 4 9 4 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
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"word": "especulación"
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"investment"
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"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekulacija",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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"word": "спекулация"
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{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulació"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "spekulaatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "spekulatiivinen investointi"
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{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "riskisijoitus"
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{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spéculation"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spekulation"
},
{
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"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "spekulasi"
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{
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"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amhantraíocht"
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{
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"code": "it",
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"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "speculazione"
},
{
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"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōki",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "投機"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spekulacja"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекуля́ция"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spekulírovanije",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "спекули́рование"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "spekulation"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "спекуля́ція"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 8 3 4 7 52 14 5 7",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "gešeftjárstvo",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
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"word": "ґешефтя́рство"
}
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1776, Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations:",
"text": "Sudden fortunes, indeed, are sometimes made in such places, by what is called the trade of speculation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, Francis Amasa Walker, Political Economy:",
"text": "Speculation, while confined within moderate limits, is the agent for equalizing supply and demand, and rendering the fluctuations of price less sudden and abrupt than they would otherwise be.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act or practice of buying land, goods, shares, etc., in expectation of selling at a higher price, or of selling with the expectation of repurchasing at a lower price; a trading on anticipated fluctuations in price, as distinguished from trading in which the profit expected is the difference between the retail and wholesale prices, or the difference of price in different markets."
],
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{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekulacija",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекулация"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "keinottelu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulaatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulatiivinen investointi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulasi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 4 13 3 7 54 9 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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"word": "спекуля́ція"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A card game in which the players buy from one another trumps or whole hands, upon a chance of getting the highest trump dealt, which entitles the holder to the pool of stakes."
],
"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-OoKWkJ2K",
"links": [
[
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"card game"
],
[
"trump",
"trump"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Programming",
"orig": "en:Programming",
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"Software engineering",
"Technology",
"Computer science",
"Engineering",
"Software",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Applied sciences",
"Media",
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"Communication"
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"glosses": [
"The process of anticipating which branch of code will be chosen and executing it in advance."
],
"id": "en-speculation-en-noun-ksY4hdE2",
"links": [
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[
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[
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"code"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) The process of anticipating which branch of code will be chosen and executing it in advance."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-speculation.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/En-us-speculation.ogg/En-us-speculation.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/En-us-speculation.ogg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
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"speculation (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "speculation"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
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"derived": [
{
"alt": "on spec",
"english": "on speculation",
"word": "Creating a work with the hope of selling it"
},
{
"english": "on commission",
"word": "as opposed to creating a work for hire"
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "inh",
"3": "enm>speculation>thinking",
"id": "thinking",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMiddle English speculation\nEnglish speculation",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "speculacioun"
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"expansion": "Middle English speculacioun",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "speculation"
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"expansion": "Old French speculation",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "spéculation"
},
"expansion": "French spéculation",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "speculātiō",
"4": "speculātiō, speculātiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin speculātiō, speculātiōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "speculor"
},
"expansion": "Latin speculor",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "speculate",
"3": "ion",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "speculate + -ion",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nMiddle English speculation\nEnglish speculation\nFrom Middle English speculacioun, speculation, from Old French speculation (compare French spéculation), from Late Latin speculātiō, speculātiōnem, from Latin speculor.\nMorphologically speculate + -ion",
"forms": [
{
"form": "speculations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "speculation (countable and uncountable, plural speculations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"spec‧u‧la‧tion"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:",
"text": "Thou hast no speculation in those eyes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The faculty of sight."
],
"links": [
[
"sight",
"sight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The faculty of sight."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview, published 2001, page 115:",
"text": "[T]he expression of exultation and content on their animated faces, is one of my most delicious speculations.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of looking at something; examination, observation."
],
"links": [
[
"looking",
"looking"
],
[
"examination",
"examination"
],
[
"observation",
"observation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An act of looking at something; examination, observation."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "Thenceforth to speculations high or deep I turned my thoughts.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Humours and Dispositions of the Laputians Described. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part III (A Voyage to Laputa, Balnibarbi, Glubbdubdribb, Luggnagg, and Japan), pages 16–17:",
"text": "It ſeems, the Minds of theſe People are ſo taken up with intenſe Speculations, that they neither can ſpeak, nor attend to the Diſcourſes of others, without being rouzed by ſome external Taction upon the Organs of Speech and Hearing; for which reaſon, thoſe Perſons who are able to afford it always keep a Flapper (the Original is Climenole) in their Family, as one of their Domeſticks, nor ever walk abroad or make Viſits without him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012 December 3, Caroline Davies, The Guardian:",
"text": "The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have ended months of intense speculation by announcing they are expecting their first child, but were forced to share their news earlier than hoped because of the Duchess's admission to hospital on Monday.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The process or act of thinking or meditating on a subject."
],
"links": [
[
"thinking",
"thinking"
],
[
"meditating",
"meditating"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Philosophy"
],
"glosses": [
"The act or process of reasoning a priori from premises given or assumed."
],
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"a priori",
"a priori"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) The act or process of reasoning a priori from premises given or assumed."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1690, William Temple, Miscellanea. The Second Part. […], London: […] T. M. for Ri[chard] and Ra[lph] Simpson, […], →OCLC, page 23:",
"text": "[N]ear the Age of Socrates lived their Great and Renowned Confutius, who began the ſame Deſign, of reclaiming Men from the uſeless and endleſs Speculations of Nature, to thoſe of Morality.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter 19, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:",
"text": "To his speculations on these subjects he gave the lofty name of the \"Oracles of Reason\".",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A conclusion to which the mind comes by speculating; mere theory; notion; conjecture."
],
"links": [
[
"notion",
"notion"
],
[
"conjecture",
"conjecture"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Business",
"en:Finance"
],
"glosses": [
"An investment involving higher-than-normal risk in order to obtain a higher-than-normal return."
],
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"investment",
"investment"
],
[
"risk",
"risk"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(business, finance) An investment involving higher-than-normal risk in order to obtain a higher-than-normal return."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1776, Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations:",
"text": "Sudden fortunes, indeed, are sometimes made in such places, by what is called the trade of speculation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1883, Francis Amasa Walker, Political Economy:",
"text": "Speculation, while confined within moderate limits, is the agent for equalizing supply and demand, and rendering the fluctuations of price less sudden and abrupt than they would otherwise be.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act or practice of buying land, goods, shares, etc., in expectation of selling at a higher price, or of selling with the expectation of repurchasing at a lower price; a trading on anticipated fluctuations in price, as distinguished from trading in which the profit expected is the difference between the retail and wholesale prices, or the difference of price in different markets."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A card game in which the players buy from one another trumps or whole hands, upon a chance of getting the highest trump dealt, which entitles the holder to the pool of stakes."
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"trump",
"trump"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Programming"
],
"glosses": [
"The process of anticipating which branch of code will be chosen and executing it in advance."
],
"links": [
[
"programming",
"programming#Noun"
],
[
"branch",
"branch"
],
[
"code",
"code"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(programming) The process of anticipating which branch of code will be chosen and executing it in advance."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"programming",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-speculation.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/En-us-speculation.ogg/En-us-speculation.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/En-us-speculation.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razmišlénie",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "размишле́ние"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulació"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "pohdinta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "mietiskely"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "järkeily"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "päättely"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "spekulaatio"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spéculation"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"word": "kōrero takuahi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spekulasjon"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spekulasjon"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spekulacja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razmyšlénije",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "размышле́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of thinking or meditation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"word": "päättely"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spekulation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Betrachtung"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spekulacja"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "philosophy: act or process of reasoning from premises given or assumed",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекуля́ція"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predpoložénie",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предположе́ние"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "giswerk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "speculatie"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "johtopäätös"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spéculation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spekulation"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "spekulasi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "pūmāramarama"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "without foundation, idle",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"word": "kōrero takuahi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "predpoložénije",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предположе́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "judgment or conclusion reached by speculating",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekulacija",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекулация"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulació"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "spekulaatio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "spekulatiivinen investointi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "riskisijoitus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spéculation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spekulation"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "spekulasi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "amhantraíocht"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "speculazione"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tōki",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"word": "投機"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spekulacja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекуля́ция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spekulírovanije",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "спекули́рование"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "spekulation"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекуля́ція"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "gešeftjárstvo",
"sense": "business, finance: investment involving higher-than-normal risk",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ґешефтя́рство"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spekulacija",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекулация"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "keinottelu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulaatio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulointi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulatiivinen investointi"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"word": "spekulasi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulação"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "especulación"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spekuljácija",
"sense": "act or practice of investing in expectation of making a profit from future price changes",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спекуля́ція"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "examination by the eye",
"word": "tarkastelu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "power of sight",
"word": "näkö"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"speculation",
"speculation (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "speculation"
}
Download raw JSONL data for speculation meaning in English (19.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.