See rote in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rote",
"t": "custom, habit, wont, condition, state"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rote"
},
"expansion": "Old French rote",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rota",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”), further origin unknown. Found in the Middle English phrase bi rote (“by heart, according to form, expertly”), c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with Old French rote/rute (“route”), or Latin rota (“wheel”) (see rotary), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "-"
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"expansion": "rote (uncountable)",
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 43 27 11",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "21 43 23 12",
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{
"_dis": "19 37 27 18",
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{
"_dis": "14 48 25 13",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "18 41 26 15",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "19 47 25 9",
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"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "17 49 27 7",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "16 48 21 15",
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"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "18 47 26 10",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "17 35 35 13",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "17 48 25 10",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "15 51 20 15",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "14 43 27 15",
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"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "21 44 23 12",
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"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "17 47 26 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rotelike"
},
{
"word": "rotely"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The pastoral scenes from those commercials don’t bear too much resemblance to the rote of daily life on a farm.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He could perform by rote any of his roles in Shakespeare.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mechanical routine; a fixed, habitual, repetitive, or mechanical course of procedure."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-noun-1Dx9TRCm",
"links": [
[
"routine",
"routine"
],
[
"fixed",
"fixed"
],
[
"habitual",
"habitual"
],
[
"repetitive",
"repetitive"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "drill and kill"
},
{
"word": "memoriter"
},
{
"word": "muscle memory"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "roteness"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naizustjavane",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наизустяване"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "aprendre de cor"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "機械學習"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīxièxuéxí",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "机械学习"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "死記硬背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sǐjìyìngbèi",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "死记硬背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "死讀書"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sǐdúshū",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "死读书"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "biflování"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "memorování"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "herhaling"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "parkerigado"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "ulkoa (by rote)"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "apprentissage par cœur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Auswendiglernen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shinún",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שִׁנּוּן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "raṭṭā",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "रट्टा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "rote learning",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "magolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "bemagolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "biflázás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "be",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "mechanikus/gépies/értelmetlentanulás",
"sense": "process of committing to memory"
},
{
"alt": "あんきがくしゅう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "anki-gakushū",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "暗記学習"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tuti-vâri",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "طوطیواری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "powtarzanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "repetycja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapamiętywanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "memorização"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaúčivanije",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зау́чивание"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaúčivanije naizústʹ",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зау́чивание наизу́сть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubrjóžka",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зубрёжка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "de memoria"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "de memorieta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "memorismo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "memorización"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "memorera"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "valliñcu",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "వల్లించు"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "ezber"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sleur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "rutiini"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Routine"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gewohnheit"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "rutin"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "slentrian"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "slentrianmässig"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
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{
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"3": "rote",
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"expansion": "Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "unknown",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Old French rote",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "rota",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”), further origin unknown. Found in the Middle English phrase bi rote (“by heart, according to form, expertly”), c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with Old French rote/rute (“route”), or Latin rota (“wheel”) (see rotary), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more rote",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most rote",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
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{
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"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 35 35 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000, Ami Klin with Fred R. Volkmar and Sara S. Sparrow, Asperger syndrome, page 316:",
"text": "The former may be seen as a more rote form of learning, contrasting with the latter which appears to include \"executive\" aspects",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"By repetition or practice."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-adj-MP0iLaDR",
"translations": [
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "memorístico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "memorista"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
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},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
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],
"word": "rote"
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"etymology_number": 1,
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"3": "rote",
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"name": "inh"
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"2": "rota",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”), further origin unknown. Found in the Middle English phrase bi rote (“by heart, according to form, expertly”), c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with Old French rote/rute (“route”), or Latin rota (“wheel”) (see rotary), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rotes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "roting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
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}
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"args": {},
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"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 34 46 7",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "17 35 35 13",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1744, Zachary Grey, ann., Hudibras, in Three Parts, Written in the Time of the Late Wars: Corrected and Amended. With Large Annotations, and a Preface, by Zachary Grey, LL.D., vol. 2. Dublin: […] Robert Owen […] and William Brien […]. page 92",
"text": "The Model of it was, That a third Part of the Senate or Parliament, ſhould rote out by Ballot every Year; […]."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-verb-0pF0kowB",
"links": [
[
"rotation",
"rotation"
],
[
"succession",
"succession"
],
[
"rotate",
"rotate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 35 35 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "[Volumnia to Corolianus] \"Because that it lies you on to speak/ to th' people, not by your own instruction,/ Nor by th' matter which your heart prompts you,/ But with such words that are but roted in/ your tongue,...\" Coriolanus III.ii.52-55"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To learn or repeat by rote."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-verb-cT-ZLldg",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To learn or repeat by rote."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
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{
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}
],
"word": "rote"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rót",
"4": "",
"5": "tossing, pitching (of sea)",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rót n (“tossing, pitching (of sea)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "routen",
"t": "to roar, bellow, storm, rage, howl"
},
"expansion": "Middle English routen (“to roar, bellow, storm, rage, howl”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse rót n (“tossing, pitching (of sea)”), perhaps related to rauta (“to roar”); see hrjóta. Compare Middle English routen (“to roar, bellow, storm, rage, howl”).",
"head_templates": [
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{
"_dis": "18 23 36 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 26 36 18 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 23 40 17 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 29 37 16 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 29 38 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The roar of the surf; the sound of waves breaking on the shore."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-noun-Ajw-gXM4",
"links": [
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"surf",
"surf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The roar of the surf; the sound of waves breaking on the shore."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šum na priboja",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "шум на прибоя"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hřmění příboje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "breken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "(aaltojen) pauhu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "brus"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "dån"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
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{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rote"
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"expansion": "Middle English rote",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rote"
},
"expansion": "Old French rote",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
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"3": "rotte"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rotte",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crowd",
"3": "",
"4": "a kind of violin"
},
"expansion": "English crowd (“a kind of violin”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote, from Old French rote, probably of German origin; compare Middle High German rotte, and English crowd (“a kind of violin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rotes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rote (plural rotes)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Musical instruments",
"orig": "en:Musical instruments",
"parents": [
"Music",
"Tools",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Technology",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "extracting mistuned dirges from their harps, crowds, and rotes",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-noun-5xCVLTjb",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"guitar",
"guitar"
],
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
],
[
"hurdy-gurdy",
"hurdy-gurdy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of crowd."
],
"id": "en-rote-en-noun-aj~q~rop",
"links": [
[
"crowd",
"crowd#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "crowd"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rotelike"
},
{
"word": "rotely"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "rote",
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"expansion": "Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Old French rote",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rota",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”), further origin unknown. Found in the Middle English phrase bi rote (“by heart, according to form, expertly”), c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with Old French rote/rute (“route”), or Latin rota (“wheel”) (see rotary), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "rote (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "drill and kill"
},
{
"word": "memoriter"
},
{
"word": "muscle memory"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The pastoral scenes from those commercials don’t bear too much resemblance to the rote of daily life on a farm.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "He could perform by rote any of his roles in Shakespeare.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Mechanical routine; a fixed, habitual, repetitive, or mechanical course of procedure."
],
"links": [
[
"routine",
"routine"
],
[
"fixed",
"fixed"
],
[
"habitual",
"habitual"
],
[
"repetitive",
"repetitive"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
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{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "roteness"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "naizustjavane",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "наизустяване"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "aprendre de cor"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "機械學習"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīxièxuéxí",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "机械学习"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "死記硬背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sǐjìyìngbèi",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"word": "死记硬背"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "死讀書"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sǐdúshū",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "死读书"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "biflování"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "memorování"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "herhaling"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "parkerigado"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "ulkoa (by rote)"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "apprentissage par cœur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Auswendiglernen"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "shinún",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "שִׁנּוּן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "raṭṭā",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "रट्टा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "rote learning",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "magolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "bemagolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "biflázás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "be",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "mechanikus/gépies/értelmetlentanulás",
"sense": "process of committing to memory"
},
{
"alt": "あんきがくしゅう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "anki-gakushū",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "暗記学習"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tuti-vâri",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "طوطیواری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "powtarzanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "repetycja"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zapamiętywanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "memorização"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaúčivanije",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зау́чивание"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zaúčivanije naizústʹ",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "зау́чивание наизу́сть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zubrjóžka",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зубрёжка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "de memoria"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "de memorieta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "memorismo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "memorización"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "memorera"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "valliñcu",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "వల్లించు"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "process of committing to memory",
"word": "ezber"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sleur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "rutiini"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Routine"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gewohnheit"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rutina"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "rutin"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "slentrian"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mechanical routine",
"word": "slentrianmässig"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
{
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"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:English/əʊt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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"2": "enm",
"3": "rote",
"t": "custom, habit, wont, condition, state"
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"expansion": "Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Old French rote",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "rota",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”), further origin unknown. Found in the Middle English phrase bi rote (“by heart, according to form, expertly”), c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with Old French rote/rute (“route”), or Latin rota (“wheel”) (see rotary), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more rote",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most rote",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2000, Ami Klin with Fred R. Volkmar and Sara S. Sparrow, Asperger syndrome, page 316:",
"text": "The former may be seen as a more rote form of learning, contrasting with the latter which appears to include \"executive\" aspects",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"By repetition or practice."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
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]
},
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rote.wav",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "memorístico"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "memorista"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rote",
"t": "custom, habit, wont, condition, state"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "rote"
},
"expansion": "Old French rote",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rota",
"3": "",
"4": "wheel"
},
"expansion": "Latin rota (“wheel”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote (“custom, habit, wont, condition, state”), further origin unknown. Found in the Middle English phrase bi rote (“by heart, according to form, expertly”), c. 1300. Some have proposed a relationship either with Old French rote/rute (“route”), or Latin rota (“wheel”) (see rotary), but the OED calls both suggestions groundless. Another explanation might be the metaphorical comparison between anything repetitive and playing the rote.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rotes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "roting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "roted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rote (third-person singular simple present rotes, present participle roting, simple past and past participle roted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1744, Zachary Grey, ann., Hudibras, in Three Parts, Written in the Time of the Late Wars: Corrected and Amended. With Large Annotations, and a Preface, by Zachary Grey, LL.D., vol. 2. Dublin: […] Robert Owen […] and William Brien […]. page 92",
"text": "The Model of it was, That a third Part of the Senate or Parliament, ſhould rote out by Ballot every Year; […]."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate."
],
"links": [
[
"rotation",
"rotation"
],
[
"succession",
"succession"
],
[
"rotate",
"rotate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) To go out by rotation or succession; to rotate."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "[Volumnia to Corolianus] \"Because that it lies you on to speak/ to th' people, not by your own instruction,/ Nor by th' matter which your heart prompts you,/ But with such words that are but roted in/ your tongue,...\" Coriolanus III.ii.52-55"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To learn or repeat by rote."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To learn or repeat by rote."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rote.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rót",
"4": "",
"5": "tossing, pitching (of sea)",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rót n (“tossing, pitching (of sea)”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "routen",
"t": "to roar, bellow, storm, rage, howl"
},
"expansion": "Middle English routen (“to roar, bellow, storm, rage, howl”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse rót n (“tossing, pitching (of sea)”), perhaps related to rauta (“to roar”); see hrjóta. Compare Middle English routen (“to roar, bellow, storm, rage, howl”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "rote (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The roar of the surf; the sound of waves breaking on the shore."
],
"links": [
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"surf",
"surf"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The roar of the surf; the sound of waves breaking on the shore."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rote.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šum na priboja",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "шум на прибоя"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hřmění příboje"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "breken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "(aaltojen) pauhu"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "brus"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "roar of the surf",
"word": "dån"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms with homophones",
"Pages with 14 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt",
"Rhymes:English/əʊt/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rote"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rote",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rote"
},
"expansion": "Old French rote",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "German",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "en",
"3": "rotte"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German rotte",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crowd",
"3": "",
"4": "a kind of violin"
},
"expansion": "English crowd (“a kind of violin”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rote, from Old French rote, probably of German origin; compare Middle High German rotte, and English crowd (“a kind of violin”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rotes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rote (plural rotes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Musical instruments"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819 December 20 (indicated as 1820), Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:",
"text": "extracting mistuned dirges from their harps, crowds, and rotes",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
],
[
"guitar",
"guitar"
],
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
],
[
"hurdy-gurdy",
"hurdy-gurdy"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A kind of guitar, the notes of which were produced by a small wheel or wheel-like arrangement; an instrument similar to the hurdy-gurdy."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of crowd."
],
"links": [
[
"crowd",
"crowd#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "crowd"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹəʊt/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹoʊt/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rote.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rote.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊt"
},
{
"homophone": "wrote"
}
],
"word": "rote"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rote meaning in English (23.1kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"rote"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "rote",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.