See retch in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*recchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *recchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrǣċan",
"t": "to clear the throat, hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrākijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrēkijaną",
"t": "to clear one's throat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kreg-",
"t": "to caw, crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrækja",
"t": "to hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "räöke",
"t": "to induce vomiting"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "reckn",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "recken",
"id": "retch",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "German recken (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rachen",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "German Rachen (“throat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *recchen, *rechen (attested in arechen), hræcen (“to cough up”), from Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan, from Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”). Cognate with Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”), Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”), Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”) and German recken (“to retch, gag”). Also related with German Rachen (“throat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "retch (third-person singular simple present retches, present participle retching, simple past and past participle retched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
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{
"_dis": "38 30 32",
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"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819–1824, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London, (please specify |canto=I to XVII):",
"text": "Here he grew inarticulate with retching.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or experience an unsuccessful effort to vomit; to strain or spasm, as if to vomit; to gag or nearly vomit."
],
"id": "en-retch-en-verb-0ALneke9",
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
],
[
"gag",
"gag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To make or experience an unsuccessful effort to vomit; to strain or spasm, as if to vomit; to gag or nearly vomit."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1836, The Medico-chirurgical Review, and Journal of Practical Medicine, page 462:",
"text": "[…] in a couple of hours they were seized with violent retching; the contents of their stomachs were mixed with blood, mucus, and froth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1891, Cincinnati Medical Advance, page 101:",
"text": "[…] severe, with a heavy retching; the contents of the stomach would come up rather easily at first, but as it continued the retching became more severe. By the straining to vomit, all the symptoms were […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 April 7, Rob Gittins, The Poet and the Private Eye, Y Lolfa, →ISBN:",
"text": "[…] retching the contents of his breakfast – his fabled raw eggs and beer by the look of it – up onto the sidewalk. But some sort of salvation seemed to be at hand in the shape of a young woman who now came up to the retching poet.[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 June 4, Jake E. Sampson, The Resurrectionist, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 37:",
"text": "“What manner of being are you?” I cried. The creature's black tar viscera flew from the lacerated stump, covering Mary and myself in the fluid. I recall instantly retching the contents of my stomach, while simultaneously […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 11, Tony Bertauski, Maze: The Essence of Sunny Grimm, Tony Bertauski:",
"text": "Retching the contents from his lungs. The uncomfortable warble of voices called for help, greeting him at the floor. He was laid on a gurney, the slimy contents wiped from his face. The sting of needles inserted in his arms.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To vomit; to make or experience a successful effort to vomit."
],
"id": "en-retch-en-verb-ySQ4F9ng",
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, loosely) To vomit; to make or experience a successful effort to vomit."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
},
{
"homophone": "wretch"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "reach"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gadi mi se",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "гади ми се"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "povdiga mi se",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "повдига ми се"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dávit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "gylpe"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "kokhalzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "braken"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "kakoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "arquexar"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "würgen"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "öklendezik"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "avere conati di vomito"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "pūtanetane"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "whakapoutiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "pūkanekane"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ogix",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "огих"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "haler au tchoeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "öğürmek",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "اوكورمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"note": "rwać (impersonal, the person afflicted is put in accusative)",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "engulhar"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pytátʹsja",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "пыта́ться рыгнуть"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "на̀пињати се на повраћање"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "nàpinjati se na povraćanje"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "tener arcadas"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "basquear"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "hulka"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "pagsuka"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "öğürmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "45 55",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "ọe"
}
],
"word": "retch"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*recchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *recchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrǣċan",
"t": "to clear the throat, hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrākijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrēkijaną",
"t": "to clear one's throat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kreg-",
"t": "to caw, crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrækja",
"t": "to hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "räöke",
"t": "to induce vomiting"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "reckn",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "recken",
"id": "retch",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "German recken (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rachen",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "German Rachen (“throat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *recchen, *rechen (attested in arechen), hræcen (“to cough up”), from Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan, from Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”). Cognate with Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”), Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”), Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”) and German recken (“to retch, gag”). Also related with German Rachen (“throat”).",
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"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"_dis": "34 38 28",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "36 31 33",
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"parents": [],
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],
"glosses": [
"An unsuccessful effort to vomit."
],
"id": "en-retch-en-noun-POphP0GY",
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "heave"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gadene",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "гадене"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "povdigane",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "повдигане"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arcada"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gān'ǒu",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "乾嘔 /干呕"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "braakneiging"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "haut-le-cœur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "conato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "conato di vomito"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "whakapoutikitanga"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "harâš",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "هراش"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arranco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arcada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "basca"
}
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ɹɛt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retch.wav",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
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{
"homophone": "wretch"
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],
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
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"dialectal"
],
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}
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}
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
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"t": "to care; heed"
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"1": "en",
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"name": "der"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reǵ-",
"t": "straight, right, just"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“straight, right, just”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English recchen (“to care; heed”), from Old English rēċċan, variant of rēċan (“to care; reck”), from Proto-Germanic *rōkijaną (“to care”), from Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“straight, right, just”).",
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{
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"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "retching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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"pos": "verb",
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{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To reck."
],
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"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
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[
"reck",
"reck"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To reck."
],
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{
"word": "retchless"
}
],
"tags": [
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"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
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{
"homophone": "wretch"
}
],
"word": "retch"
}
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"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "recchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English recchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "reċċan",
"t": "to stretch, extend"
},
"expansion": "Old English reċċan (“to stretch, extend”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rakkjan"
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rakkjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rakjaną",
"t": "to straighten, stretch"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃roǵéyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English recchen, from Old English reċċan (“to stretch, extend”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakkjan, from Proto-Germanic *rakjaną (“to straighten, stretch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
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},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raught",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raught",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"past"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"past2": "raught",
"past2_qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "retch (third-person singular simple present retches, present participle retching, simple past and past participle retched or (obsolete) raught)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reach"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 21 14 7 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "24 21 19 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 19 20 5 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of reach"
],
"id": "en-retch-en-verb-EfWIDhdz",
"links": [
[
"reach",
"reach#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Alternative form of reach"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
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{
"homophone": "wretch"
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"word": "retch"
}
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
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"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
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"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "*recchen"
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"expansion": "Middle English *recchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrǣċan",
"t": "to clear the throat, hawk, spit"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrēkijaną",
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"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kreg-",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrækja",
"t": "to hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "räöke",
"t": "to induce vomiting"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "reckn",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "recken",
"id": "retch",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "German recken (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rachen",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "German Rachen (“throat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *recchen, *rechen (attested in arechen), hræcen (“to cough up”), from Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan, from Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”). Cognate with Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”), Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”), Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”) and German recken (“to retch, gag”). Also related with German Rachen (“throat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "retch (third-person singular simple present retches, present participle retching, simple past and past participle retched)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1819–1824, [Lord Byron], Don Juan, London, (please specify |canto=I to XVII):",
"text": "Here he grew inarticulate with retching.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or experience an unsuccessful effort to vomit; to strain or spasm, as if to vomit; to gag or nearly vomit."
],
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
],
[
"strain",
"strain"
],
[
"gag",
"gag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To make or experience an unsuccessful effort to vomit; to strain or spasm, as if to vomit; to gag or nearly vomit."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1836, The Medico-chirurgical Review, and Journal of Practical Medicine, page 462:",
"text": "[…] in a couple of hours they were seized with violent retching; the contents of their stomachs were mixed with blood, mucus, and froth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1891, Cincinnati Medical Advance, page 101:",
"text": "[…] severe, with a heavy retching; the contents of the stomach would come up rather easily at first, but as it continued the retching became more severe. By the straining to vomit, all the symptoms were […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 April 7, Rob Gittins, The Poet and the Private Eye, Y Lolfa, →ISBN:",
"text": "[…] retching the contents of his breakfast – his fabled raw eggs and beer by the look of it – up onto the sidewalk. But some sort of salvation seemed to be at hand in the shape of a young woman who now came up to the retching poet.[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 June 4, Jake E. Sampson, The Resurrectionist, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 37:",
"text": "“What manner of being are you?” I cried. The creature's black tar viscera flew from the lacerated stump, covering Mary and myself in the fluid. I recall instantly retching the contents of my stomach, while simultaneously […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 11, Tony Bertauski, Maze: The Essence of Sunny Grimm, Tony Bertauski:",
"text": "Retching the contents from his lungs. The uncomfortable warble of voices called for help, greeting him at the floor. He was laid on a gurney, the slimy contents wiped from his face. The sting of needles inserted in his arms.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To vomit; to make or experience a successful effort to vomit."
],
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, loosely) To vomit; to make or experience a successful effort to vomit."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
},
{
"homophone": "wretch"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "reach"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gadi mi se",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "гади ми се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "povdiga mi se",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "повдига ми се"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dávit se"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "gylpe"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "kokhalzen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "braken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "kakoa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "arquexar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "würgen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "öklendezik"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "avere conati di vomito"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "pūtanetane"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "whakapoutiki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "pūkanekane"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "ogix",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "огих"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "haler au tchoeu"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "öğürmek",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "اوكورمك"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"note": "rwać (impersonal, the person afflicted is put in accusative)",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "engulhar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pytátʹsja",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "пыта́ться рыгнуть"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "на̀пињати се на повраћање"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "nàpinjati se na povraćanje"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "tener arcadas"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "basquear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "hulka"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "pagsuka"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "öğürmek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to make an effort to vomit",
"word": "ọe"
}
],
"word": "retch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*recchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *recchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hrǣċan",
"t": "to clear the throat, hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hrākijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrēkijaną",
"t": "to clear one's throat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kreg-",
"t": "to caw, crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hrækja",
"t": "to hawk, spit"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "räöke",
"t": "to induce vomiting"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "reckn",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "recken",
"id": "retch",
"t": "to retch, gag"
},
"expansion": "German recken (“to retch, gag”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rachen",
"t": "throat"
},
"expansion": "German Rachen (“throat”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English *recchen, *rechen (attested in arechen), hræcen (“to cough up”), from Old English hrǣċan (“to clear the throat, hawk, spit”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrākijan, from Proto-Germanic *hrēkijaną (“to clear one's throat”), from Proto-Indo-European *kreg- (“to caw, crow”). Cognate with Icelandic hrækja (“to hawk, spit”), Limburgish räöke (“to induce vomiting”), Bavarian reckn (“to retch, gag”) and German recken (“to retch, gag”). Also related with German Rachen (“throat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "retch (plural retches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "heave"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An unsuccessful effort to vomit."
],
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
},
{
"homophone": "wretch"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "reach"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gadene",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "гадене"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "povdigane",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "повдигане"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arcada"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gān'ǒu",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "乾嘔 /干呕"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "braakneiging"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "haut-le-cœur"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "conato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "conato di vomito"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "whakapoutikitanga"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "harâš",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"word": "هراش"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arranco"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "arcada"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "an unsuccessful effort to vomit",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "basca"
}
],
"word": "retch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "recchen",
"t": "to care; heed"
},
"expansion": "Middle English recchen (“to care; heed”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rēċċan"
},
"expansion": "Old English rēċċan",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rōkijaną",
"t": "to care"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōkijaną (“to care”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reǵ-",
"t": "straight, right, just"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“straight, right, just”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English recchen (“to care; heed”), from Old English rēċċan, variant of rēċan (“to care; reck”), from Proto-Germanic *rōkijaną (“to care”), from Proto-Indo-European *reǵ- (“straight, right, just”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "retch (third-person singular simple present retches, present participle retching, simple past and past participle retched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "retchless"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To reck."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"reck",
"reck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive, obsolete) To reck."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
},
{
"homophone": "wretch"
}
],
"word": "retch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ɛtʃ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "recchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English recchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "reċċan",
"t": "to stretch, extend"
},
"expansion": "Old English reċċan (“to stretch, extend”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*rakkjan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rakkjan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rakjaną",
"t": "to straighten, stretch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rakjaną (“to straighten, stretch”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃roǵéyeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English recchen, from Old English reċċan (“to stretch, extend”), from Proto-West Germanic *rakkjan, from Proto-Germanic *rakjaną (“to straighten, stretch”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃roǵéyeti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "retches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "retching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "retched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raught",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "raught",
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"past2": "raught",
"past2_qual": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "retch (third-person singular simple present retches, present participle retching, simple past and past participle retched or (obsolete) raught)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "reach"
}
],
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of reach"
],
"links": [
[
"reach",
"reach#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) Alternative form of reach"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɛt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-retch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-retch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛtʃ"
},
{
"homophone": "wretch"
}
],
"word": "retch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for retch meaning in English (22.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": rygnutʹ vs. pytátʹsja",
"path": [
"retch"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "retch",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.