See rebuff in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "French rebuffer",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "Middle French rebuffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rebiffer",
"t": "to rise up, revolt"
},
"expansion": "French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ribuffare"
},
"expansion": "Italian ribuffare",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From obsolete French rebuffer, from Middle French rebuffer (compare French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)), from Italian ribuffare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rebuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rebuff (plural rebuffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He was surprised by her quick rebuff to his proposal.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:",
"text": "And it is symptomatic of the many paradoxes of Lederer's life that of all the people in the room, Brotherhood is the one whom he would most wish to serve, if ever he had the opportunity, even though — or perhaps because — his occasional efforts to ingratiate himself with his adopted hero have met with iron rebuff.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 April 13, Stephen Collinson, “Michigan vaccine rebuff puts Biden and a top ally in a dicey political spot”, in CNN:",
"text": "His administration’s blunt rebuff of a plea by his ally and Michigan’s Democratic Gov. Gretchen Whitmer for an increased supply of vaccines to combat a Covid-19 spike represents the kind of tough decision the President and his team will increasingly face on the exit road from the crisis.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 August 15, Reuters, “US, Brazil float new Venezuela election despite government, opposition rebuffs”, in Fox News:",
"text": "U.S. President Joe Biden said on Thursday that he would support a new election in Venezuela, after Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva also floated the idea, despite rebuffs from Venezuela's ruling party and its opposition which both claim victory in the July 28 contest.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden resistance or refusal."
],
"id": "en-rebuff-en-noun-1ePswGol",
"links": [
[
"resistance",
"resistance"
],
[
"refusal",
"refusal"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neočakvan otkaz",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "неочакван отказ"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huíjué",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "回绝"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odmítnutí"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zavržení"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "torjunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rebuffade"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abfuhr"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zurückweisung"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rifiuto"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ricusa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ricusazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ripulsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigetto"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "repulsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "whakapeka"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "whakahoe"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otpór",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отпо́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkáz",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отка́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diùltadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rechazo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "avvisande"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "ret"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "tersleme"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 68 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 70 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 47 28 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with re-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 79 19",
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"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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{
"_dis": "2 70 17 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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{
"_dis": "1 74 12 12",
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"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 71 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 73 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 77 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 77 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 76 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 63 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 80 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 80 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 67 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 77 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 80 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 76 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 83 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 78 18",
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"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 78 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 77 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "the strong rebuff of some tumultuous cloud",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Repercussion, or beating back."
],
"id": "en-rebuff-en-noun-X~O5m6c6"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈbʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
}
],
"word": "rebuff"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "French rebuffer",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "Middle French rebuffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rebiffer",
"t": "to rise up, revolt"
},
"expansion": "French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ribuffare"
},
"expansion": "Italian ribuffare",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From obsolete French rebuffer, from Middle French rebuffer (compare French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)), from Italian ribuffare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rebuffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rebuff (third-person singular simple present rebuffs, present participle rebuffing, simple past and past participle rebuffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 September 22, Stephen Roberts, “The writings on the wall...”, in RAIL, number 940, page 71:",
"text": "The plaque (2014) doesn't tell you that Leonard [Woolf] had initially been rebuffed. His intended proposal was refused by Virginia [Woolf to be], who then had a change of heart.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 October 23, Brian Stelter, “CBS News rebuffs Trump’s legal threat over ‘60 Minutes’ interview”, in CNN:",
"text": "Lawyers for CBS News are rebuffing a legal threat from Donald Trump over the network’s “60 Minutes” interview with Kamala Harris, telling the former president his demands are based on a “faulty premise.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2025 February 14, Marshall Cohen, “The almighty Musk: How the world’s richest man became Washington’s most powerful bureaucrat”, in CNN:",
"text": "“If you have rule of the bureaucrat — if the bureaucracy is in charge, then what meaning does democracy actually have?” Musk said during his 30-minute appearance with Trump, where he rebuffed critics who said he’s the one undermining democratic institutions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To refuse; to offer sudden or harsh resistance; to turn down or shut out."
],
"id": "en-rebuff-en-verb-hoNiMkOA",
"links": [
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
],
[
"resistance",
"resistance"
],
[
"turn down",
"turn down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To refuse; to offer sudden or harsh resistance; to turn down or shut out."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rebuffal"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkazvam",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "отказвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljam",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "отхвърлям"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odmítnout"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "torjua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "rejeter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "refuser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "Abfuhr erteilen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "zurückweisen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "elutasít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "visszautasít"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "ricusare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "respingere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "rifiutare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "ripudiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "reclinare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "hoe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "whakapeka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "whakahoe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkázyvatʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отка́зывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkazátʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отказа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvergátʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отверга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "reject",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvérgnutʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отве́ргнуть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "davátʹ otpór",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дава́ть отпо́р"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "datʹ otpór",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дать отпо́р"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "diùlt"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "rechazar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "recusar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "desairar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "reddetmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "terslemek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "cự tuyệt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈbʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
}
],
"word": "rebuff"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "re-",
"3": "buff"
},
"expansion": "re- + buff",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From re- + buff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rebuffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rebuff (third-person singular simple present rebuffs, present participle rebuffing, simple past and past participle rebuffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To buff again."
],
"id": "en-rebuff-en-verb-DhDiB9jB",
"links": [
[
"buff",
"buff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To buff again."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "repolish"
},
{
"word": "rewax"
},
{
"word": "rewipe"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹiːˈbʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "rebuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "French rebuffer",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "Middle French rebuffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rebiffer",
"t": "to rise up, revolt"
},
"expansion": "French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ribuffare"
},
"expansion": "Italian ribuffare",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From obsolete French rebuffer, from Middle French rebuffer (compare French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)), from Italian ribuffare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rebuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rebuff (plural rebuffs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He was surprised by her quick rebuff to his proposal.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:",
"text": "And it is symptomatic of the many paradoxes of Lederer's life that of all the people in the room, Brotherhood is the one whom he would most wish to serve, if ever he had the opportunity, even though — or perhaps because — his occasional efforts to ingratiate himself with his adopted hero have met with iron rebuff.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 April 13, Stephen Collinson, “Michigan vaccine rebuff puts Biden and a top ally in a dicey political spot”, in CNN:",
"text": "His administration’s blunt rebuff of a plea by his ally and Michigan’s Democratic Gov. Gretchen Whitmer for an increased supply of vaccines to combat a Covid-19 spike represents the kind of tough decision the President and his team will increasingly face on the exit road from the crisis.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 August 15, Reuters, “US, Brazil float new Venezuela election despite government, opposition rebuffs”, in Fox News:",
"text": "U.S. President Joe Biden said on Thursday that he would support a new election in Venezuela, after Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva also floated the idea, despite rebuffs from Venezuela's ruling party and its opposition which both claim victory in the July 28 contest.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden resistance or refusal."
],
"links": [
[
"resistance",
"resistance"
],
[
"refusal",
"refusal"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1667, John Milton, “Book II”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:",
"text": "the strong rebuff of some tumultuous cloud",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Repercussion, or beating back."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈbʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neočakvan otkaz",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "неочакван отказ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huíjué",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "回绝"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odmítnutí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zavržení"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "torjunta"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rebuffade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Abfuhr"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Zurückweisung"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rifiuto"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ricusa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ricusazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ripulsa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rigetto"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "repulsa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "whakapeka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "whakahoe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otpór",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отпо́р"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkáz",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "отка́з"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "diùltadh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refusal",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rechazo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "avvisande"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "ret"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refusal",
"word": "tersleme"
}
],
"word": "rebuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf",
"Rhymes:English/ʌf/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "French rebuffer",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "rebuffer"
},
"expansion": "Middle French rebuffer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "rebiffer",
"t": "to rise up, revolt"
},
"expansion": "French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "ribuffare"
},
"expansion": "Italian ribuffare",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From obsolete French rebuffer, from Middle French rebuffer (compare French rebiffer (“to rise up, revolt”)), from Italian ribuffare.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rebuffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rebuff (third-person singular simple present rebuffs, present participle rebuffing, simple past and past participle rebuffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "rebuffal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 September 22, Stephen Roberts, “The writings on the wall...”, in RAIL, number 940, page 71:",
"text": "The plaque (2014) doesn't tell you that Leonard [Woolf] had initially been rebuffed. His intended proposal was refused by Virginia [Woolf to be], who then had a change of heart.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 October 23, Brian Stelter, “CBS News rebuffs Trump’s legal threat over ‘60 Minutes’ interview”, in CNN:",
"text": "Lawyers for CBS News are rebuffing a legal threat from Donald Trump over the network’s “60 Minutes” interview with Kamala Harris, telling the former president his demands are based on a “faulty premise.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2025 February 14, Marshall Cohen, “The almighty Musk: How the world’s richest man became Washington’s most powerful bureaucrat”, in CNN:",
"text": "“If you have rule of the bureaucrat — if the bureaucracy is in charge, then what meaning does democracy actually have?” Musk said during his 30-minute appearance with Trump, where he rebuffed critics who said he’s the one undermining democratic institutions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To refuse; to offer sudden or harsh resistance; to turn down or shut out."
],
"links": [
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
],
[
"resistance",
"resistance"
],
[
"turn down",
"turn down"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To refuse; to offer sudden or harsh resistance; to turn down or shut out."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈbʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff1.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌf"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otkazvam",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "отказвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "othvǎrljam",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "отхвърлям"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "odmítnout"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "torjua"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "rejeter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "refuser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "Abfuhr erteilen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "zurückweisen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "elutasít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "visszautasít"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "ricusare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "respingere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "rifiutare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "ripudiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "reclinare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "hoe"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "whakapeka"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "whakahoe"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkázyvatʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отка́зывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otkazátʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отказа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvergátʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отверга́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "reject",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvérgnutʹ",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отве́ргнуть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "davátʹ otpór",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дава́ть отпо́р"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "datʹ otpór",
"sense": "refuse",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дать отпо́р"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "diùlt"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "rechazar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "recusar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "desairar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "reddetmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "terslemek"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "refuse",
"word": "cự tuyệt"
}
],
"word": "rebuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English terms prefixed with re-",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "re-",
"3": "buff"
},
"expansion": "re- + buff",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From re- + buff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "rebuffs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "rebuffed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "rebuff (third-person singular simple present rebuffs, present participle rebuffing, simple past and past participle rebuffed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "repolish"
},
{
"word": "rewax"
},
{
"word": "rewipe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To buff again."
],
"links": [
[
"buff",
"buff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To buff again."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹiːˈbʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-rebuff2.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "rebuff"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rebuff meaning in English (15.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.