"quinine" meaning in English

See quinine in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /kwɪˈniːn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈkwɪn.iːn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/ [General-American], /ˈkwɪn.aɪn/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-quinine.wav , En-us-quinine.oga [US] Forms: quinines [plural]
Rhymes: -iːn, -aɪn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn Etymology: The noun is either: * derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or * borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)). Spanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”). The verb is derived from the noun. Etymology templates: {{vern|red cinchona}} red cinchona, {{taxlink|Cinchona pubescens|species}} Cinchona pubescens, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{der|en|es|quina|t=quinine}} Spanish quina (“quinine”), {{clipping|es|quinaquina|nocap=1|nocat=1|t=Cinchona bark}} clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”), {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{bor|en|fr|quinine}} French quinine, {{glossary|feminine}} feminine, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{cog|es|quinaquina}} Spanish quinaquina, {{cog|fr|quinquina}} French quinquina, {{der|en|qu|kina-kina}} Quechua kina-kina, {{glossary|reduplication}} reduplication, {{glossary|verb}} verb Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} quinine (countable and uncountable, plural quinines)
  1. (pharmacology) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Pharmaceutical drugs, Alkaloids Categories (lifeform): Madder family plants Derived forms: quinine bark, quinine bush, quinine flower, quinine test [archaic], quinine tree, quininic, quininism [obsolete], quininize [obsolete] Translations (alkaloid used to treat malaria): քինին (kʻinin) (Armenian), хинин (hinin) [masculine] (Bulgarian), quinina [feminine] (Catalan), 奎寧 (Chinese Mandarin), 奎宁 (kuíníng) (Chinese Mandarin), chinin [masculine] (Czech), kinin (Danish), kinine (Dutch), kinino (Esperanto), ĥinino (Esperanto), kinin [neuter] (Faroese), kiniini (Finnish), quinine [feminine] (French), quinina [feminine] (Galician), ქინინი (kinini) (Georgian), Chinin [neuter] (German), kùnî [masculine] (Hausa), कुनैन (kunain) [masculine] (Hindi), kínín [neuter] (Icelandic), quinino (Ido), quinín [masculine] (Irish), chinino (Italian), キニーネ (kinīne) (Japanese), kinin [masculine, neuter] (Norwegian Bokmål), kinin [masculine, neuter] (Norwegian Nynorsk), chinina (Polish), quinina [feminine] (Portuguese), quinino [masculine] (Portuguese), chinină [feminine] (Romanian), хини́н (xinín) [masculine] (Russian), кѝнӣн [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), kìnīn [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), chinín (Slovak), kinín [masculine] (Slovene), quinina [feminine] (Spanish), kwinini (Swahili), kinin [neuter] (Swedish), kinina (Tagalog), kinin (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-quinine-en-noun-5cBw8oLR Disambiguation of Alkaloids: 95 5 Disambiguation of Madder family plants: 93 7 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ine (chemistry), Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Faroese translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hausa translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swahili translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 92 8 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ine (chemistry): 84 16 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 87 13 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 90 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 92 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 92 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 93 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 94 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 83 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 92 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Faroese translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 86 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 93 7 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 88 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hausa translations: 92 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 93 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 93 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 90 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 97 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 92 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 88 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Swahili translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 92 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 91 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 92 8 Topics: medicine, pharmacology, sciences Related terms: quina, quinacridone, quinacrine, quinaldine, quinamicine [archaic], quinamidine [archaic], quinaquina, quinamine, quinate, quinazoline, -quine, quinetum [obsolete], quinhydrone, quinia [obsolete], quinic, quinicine, quinide, quinidia [archaic], quinidine, quinina [archaic], quinism [historical], quinizarin, quinoid, quinoidine [archaic], quinol, quinoline, quinolizine, quinologist [historical], quinology [archaic, historical], quinolone, quinone, quinonoid, quinotannic acid [archaic], quinova red, quinovatannic acid [archaic], quinovate [archaic], quinovic, quinovin [archaic], quinovite [archaic], quinovose, quinoxaline, quinoyl, quinquina, Jesuit's bark

Verb

IPA: /kwɪˈniːn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈkwɪn.iːn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/ [General-American], /ˈkwɪn.aɪn/ [General-American] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-quinine.wav , En-us-quinine.oga [US] Forms: quinines [present, singular, third-person], quinining [participle, present], quinined [participle, past], quinined [past]
Rhymes: -iːn, -aɪn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn Etymology: The noun is either: * derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or * borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)). Spanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”). The verb is derived from the noun. Etymology templates: {{vern|red cinchona}} red cinchona, {{taxlink|Cinchona pubescens|species}} Cinchona pubescens, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{der|en|es|quina|t=quinine}} Spanish quina (“quinine”), {{clipping|es|quinaquina|nocap=1|nocat=1|t=Cinchona bark}} clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”), {{glossary|suffix}} suffix, {{bor|en|fr|quinine}} French quinine, {{glossary|feminine}} feminine, {{glossary|noun}} noun, {{cog|es|quinaquina}} Spanish quinaquina, {{cog|fr|quinquina}} French quinquina, {{der|en|qu|kina-kina}} Quechua kina-kina, {{glossary|reduplication}} reduplication, {{glossary|verb}} verb Head templates: {{en-verb}} quinine (third-person singular simple present quinines, present participle quinining, simple past and past participle quinined)
  1. (transitive, archaic) To treat (someone) with quinine. Tags: archaic, transitive Synonyms: quininize [obsolete] Derived forms: quinined [adjective]
    Sense id: en-quinine-en-verb-L6ZHqNXg

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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        {
          "word": "quinine bark"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinine bush"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinine flower"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
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          "word": "quinine test"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinine tree"
        },
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        {
          "ref": "1821, The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts, volume 10:",
          "text": "The alkali of yellow bark may be distinguished from cinchonine by the name of quinine.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1828, The Medical Guide, Quinine, cinchonine, and sulphate of quinine:",
          "text": "The quinine, being more potent than cinchonine, is generally preferred.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 102:",
          "text": "In spite of quinine, the men sickened day by day. Many of them, fine, strong, active fellows, who had never known what a day's sickness meant, went down before the malarious mist that gathered in the jungles.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC:",
          "text": "He hadn't the faintest idea what to do with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC, part IV, page 363:",
          "text": "“Die? Yes, they’ll all die—all these men. No bandages, no salves, no quinine, no chloroform. Oh, God, for some morphia! Just a little morphia for the worst ones. Just a little chloroform. God damn the Yankees! God damn the Yankees!”",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1979, Lucile H. Brockway, Science and Colonial Expansion, New Haven, Conn., London: Yale University Press, published 2002, →ISBN, page 127:",
          "text": "I propose that the availability of increased stores of quinine under British control had a similar facilitating effect on the British colonial expansion into Africa in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Olivia Williams, “Gin is the Tonic”, in Gin Glorious Gin: How Mother’s Ruin Became the Spirit of London, London: Headline Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 163:",
          "text": "So far, the daily dose of quinine had been bitter and very unpalatable. […] To make the medicine go down more easily, colonialists occasionally mixed the powder with sugar, water and gin.",
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it."
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          "chemical formula"
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          "derive"
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        [
          "cinchona",
          "cinchona"
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          "bark",
          "bark#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "plants",
          "plant#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Cinchona",
          "Cinchona#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "treat",
          "treat#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "malaria",
          "malaria"
        ],
        [
          "ingredient",
          "ingredient"
        ],
        [
          "tonic water",
          "tonic water"
        ],
        [
          "presents",
          "present#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "colourless",
          "colourless"
        ],
        [
          "powder",
          "powder#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "drug",
          "drug#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "contain",
          "contain"
        ],
        [
          "chemical compound",
          "chemical compound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pharmacology) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "quina"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinacridone"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinacrine"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinaldine"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinamicine"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinamidine"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinaquina"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinamine"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinate"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinazoline"
        },
        {
          "word": "-quine"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "quinetum"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinhydrone"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "quinia"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinic"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinicine"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinide"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinidia"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinidine"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinina"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quinism"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinizarin"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinoid"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinoidine"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinol"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinoline"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinolizine"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quinologist"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic",
            "historical"
          ],
          "word": "quinology"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinolone"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinone"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinonoid"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinotannic acid"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinova red"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinovatannic acid"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinovate"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinovic"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinovin"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "quinovite"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinovose"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinoxaline"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinoyl"
        },
        {
          "word": "quinquina"
        },
        {
          "word": "Jesuit's bark"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pharmacology",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "kʻinin",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "քինին"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "hinin",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "хинин"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "quinina"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "奎寧"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "kuíníng",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "奎宁"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kinine"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kinino"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "ĥinino"
        },
        {
          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kiniini"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "quinine"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "quinina"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "kinini",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "ქინინი"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Chinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "ha",
          "lang": "Hausa",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kùnî"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "kunain",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "कुनैन"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kínín"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "quinino"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "quinín"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "chinino"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "kinīne",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "キニーネ"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "chinina"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "quinina"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "quinino"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "chinină"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "xinín",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "хини́н"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "кѝнӣн"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kìnīn"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "chinín"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kinín"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "quinina"
        },
        {
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kwinini"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "kinin"
        },
        {
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kinina"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
          "word": "kinin"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kwɪˈniːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.iːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.aɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-quinine.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-quinine.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga/En-us-quinine.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "quinine"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "red cinchona"
      },
      "expansion": "red cinchona",
      "name": "vern"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Cinchona pubescens",
        "2": "species"
      },
      "expansion": "Cinchona pubescens",
      "name": "taxlink"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "quina",
        "t": "quinine"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish quina (“quinine”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "quinaquina",
        "nocap": "1",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t": "Cinchona bark"
      },
      "expansion": "clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "quinine"
      },
      "expansion": "French quinine",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "feminine"
      },
      "expansion": "feminine",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "quinaquina"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish quinaquina",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "quinquina"
      },
      "expansion": "French quinquina",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "qu",
        "3": "kina-kina"
      },
      "expansion": "Quechua kina-kina",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "reduplication"
      },
      "expansion": "reduplication",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is either:\n* derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or\n* borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)).\nSpanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "quinines",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "quinining",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "quinined",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "quinined",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "quinine (third-person singular simple present quinines, present participle quinining, simple past and past participle quinined)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "qui‧nine"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "adjective"
          ],
          "word": "quinined"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To treat (someone) with quinine."
      ],
      "id": "en-quinine-en-verb-L6ZHqNXg",
      "links": [
        [
          "treat",
          "treat#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "quinine",
          "quinine#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, archaic) To treat (someone) with quinine."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "quininize"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kwɪˈniːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.iːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.aɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-quinine.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-quinine.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga/En-us-quinine.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "quinine"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Quechua",
    "English terms suffixed with -ine (chemistry)",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪn",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪn/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/iːn",
    "Rhymes:English/iːn/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hausa translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swahili translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "en:Alkaloids",
    "en:Madder family plants"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "quinine bark"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinine bush"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinine flower"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinine test"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinine tree"
    },
    {
      "word": "quininic"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "quininism"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "quininize"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "red cinchona"
      },
      "expansion": "red cinchona",
      "name": "vern"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Cinchona pubescens",
        "2": "species"
      },
      "expansion": "Cinchona pubescens",
      "name": "taxlink"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "quina",
        "t": "quinine"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish quina (“quinine”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "quinaquina",
        "nocap": "1",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t": "Cinchona bark"
      },
      "expansion": "clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "quinine"
      },
      "expansion": "French quinine",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "feminine"
      },
      "expansion": "feminine",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "quinaquina"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish quinaquina",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "quinquina"
      },
      "expansion": "French quinquina",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "qu",
        "3": "kina-kina"
      },
      "expansion": "Quechua kina-kina",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "reduplication"
      },
      "expansion": "reduplication",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is either:\n* derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or\n* borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)).\nSpanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "quinines",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "quinine (countable and uncountable, plural quinines)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "qui‧nine"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "quina"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinacridone"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinacrine"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinaldine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinamicine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinamidine"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinaquina"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinamine"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinate"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinazoline"
    },
    {
      "word": "-quine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "quinetum"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinhydrone"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "quinia"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinic"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinicine"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinide"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinidia"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinidine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinina"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "quinism"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinizarin"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinoid"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinoidine"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinol"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinoline"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinolizine"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "quinologist"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "quinology"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinolone"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinone"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinonoid"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinotannic acid"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinova red"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinovatannic acid"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinovate"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinovic"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinovin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "quinovite"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinovose"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinoxaline"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinoyl"
    },
    {
      "word": "quinquina"
    },
    {
      "word": "Jesuit's bark"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Pharmaceutical drugs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1821, The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts, volume 10:",
          "text": "The alkali of yellow bark may be distinguished from cinchonine by the name of quinine.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1828, The Medical Guide, Quinine, cinchonine, and sulphate of quinine:",
          "text": "The quinine, being more potent than cinchonine, is generally preferred.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 102:",
          "text": "In spite of quinine, the men sickened day by day. Many of them, fine, strong, active fellows, who had never known what a day's sickness meant, went down before the malarious mist that gathered in the jungles.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC:",
          "text": "He hadn't the faintest idea what to do with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC, part IV, page 363:",
          "text": "“Die? Yes, they’ll all die—all these men. No bandages, no salves, no quinine, no chloroform. Oh, God, for some morphia! Just a little morphia for the worst ones. Just a little chloroform. God damn the Yankees! God damn the Yankees!”",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1979, Lucile H. Brockway, Science and Colonial Expansion, New Haven, Conn., London: Yale University Press, published 2002, →ISBN, page 127:",
          "text": "I propose that the availability of increased stores of quinine under British control had a similar facilitating effect on the British colonial expansion into Africa in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Olivia Williams, “Gin is the Tonic”, in Gin Glorious Gin: How Mother’s Ruin Became the Spirit of London, London: Headline Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 163:",
          "text": "So far, the daily dose of quinine had been bitter and very unpalatable. […] To make the medicine go down more easily, colonialists occasionally mixed the powder with sugar, water and gin.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pharmacology",
          "pharmacology"
        ],
        [
          "alkaloid",
          "alkaloid"
        ],
        [
          "chemical formula",
          "chemical formula"
        ],
        [
          "derive",
          "derive"
        ],
        [
          "cinchona",
          "cinchona"
        ],
        [
          "bark",
          "bark#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "plants",
          "plant#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "genus",
          "genus"
        ],
        [
          "Cinchona",
          "Cinchona#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "used",
          "use#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "treat",
          "treat#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "malaria",
          "malaria"
        ],
        [
          "ingredient",
          "ingredient"
        ],
        [
          "tonic water",
          "tonic water"
        ],
        [
          "presents",
          "present#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "colourless",
          "colourless"
        ],
        [
          "powder",
          "powder#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "drug",
          "drug#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "contain",
          "contain"
        ],
        [
          "chemical compound",
          "chemical compound"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pharmacology) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pharmacology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kwɪˈniːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.iːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.aɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-quinine.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-quinine.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga/En-us-quinine.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "kʻinin",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "քինին"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "hinin",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хинин"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "quinina"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "奎寧"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "kuíníng",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "奎宁"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kinine"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kinino"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "ĥinino"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kiniini"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "quinine"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "quinina"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "kinini",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "ქინინი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Chinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ha",
      "lang": "Hausa",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kùnî"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "kunain",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "कुनैन"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kínín"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "quinino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "quinín"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "chinino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "kinīne",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "キニーネ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "chinina"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "quinina"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "quinino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "chinină"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "xinín",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "хини́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "кѝнӣн"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kìnīn"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "chinín"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kinín"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "quinina"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kwinini"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "kinin"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kinina"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "alkaloid used to treat malaria",
      "word": "kinin"
    }
  ],
  "word": "quinine"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Quechua",
    "English terms suffixed with -ine (chemistry)",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪn",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪn/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:English/iːn",
    "Rhymes:English/iːn/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Faroese translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hausa translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swahili translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tagalog translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "en:Alkaloids",
    "en:Madder family plants"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "quinined"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "red cinchona"
      },
      "expansion": "red cinchona",
      "name": "vern"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Cinchona pubescens",
        "2": "species"
      },
      "expansion": "Cinchona pubescens",
      "name": "taxlink"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "es",
        "3": "quina",
        "t": "quinine"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish quina (“quinine”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "quinaquina",
        "nocap": "1",
        "nocat": "1",
        "t": "Cinchona bark"
      },
      "expansion": "clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "suffix",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "quinine"
      },
      "expansion": "French quinine",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "feminine"
      },
      "expansion": "feminine",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "noun",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "quinaquina"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish quinaquina",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "quinquina"
      },
      "expansion": "French quinquina",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "qu",
        "3": "kina-kina"
      },
      "expansion": "Quechua kina-kina",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "reduplication"
      },
      "expansion": "reduplication",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "verb",
      "name": "glossary"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The noun is either:\n* derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or\n* borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)).\nSpanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "quinines",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "quinining",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "quinined",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "quinined",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "quinine (third-person singular simple present quinines, present participle quinining, simple past and past participle quinined)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "qui‧nine"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To treat (someone) with quinine."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "treat",
          "treat#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "quinine",
          "quinine#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, archaic) To treat (someone) with quinine."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "obsolete"
          ],
          "word": "quininize"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kwɪˈniːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.iːn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwaɪ.naɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkwɪn.aɪn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-quinine.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-quinine.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-quinine.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga/En-us-quinine.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/En-us-quinine.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-iːn"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪn stripped-by-parse_pron_post_template_fn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "quinine"
}

Download raw JSONL data for quinine meaning in English (20.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.