"orgulous" meaning in English

See orgulous in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈɔːɡjʊləs/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈɔɹɡjələs/ [General-American] Audio: en-us-orgulous.ogg Forms: more orgulous [comparative], most orgulous [superlative]
Etymology: From Middle English orgulous, orgeilous, from Old French orgueilleus, orgoillus (“proud”), from orgoill, orgueil (“pride”), from Old Low Frankish *urgol (“pride”). Cognate with Old High German urguol (“excellent”), Old English orgel (“pride”), perhaps from a Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō, equivalent to or- (“out”) *gōl (“boast; showiness; pomp; splendor”), related to Old English galan (“to sing”) (whence Modern English gale). Also perhaps partly from Old French orgoill, from Vulgar Latin *orgōllia, *orgōlla, from Frankish *orgōllja, from the same Proto-Germanic source. Cognate with Old High German urguol, urguoli, urgilo (“pride”) and Spanish orgullo. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|orgulous}} Middle English orgulous, {{der|en|fro|orgueilleus}} Old French orgueilleus, {{der|en|frk|*urgol||pride}} Frankish *urgol (“pride”), {{cog|goh|urguol||excellent}} Old High German urguol (“excellent”), {{cog|ang|orgel||pride}} Old English orgel (“pride”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*uzgōljō}} Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō, {{af|en|or-|t1=out}} or- (“out”), {{cog|ang|galan||to sing}} Old English galan (“to sing”), {{der|en|fro|orgoill}} Old French orgoill, {{der|en|VL.|*orgōllia, *orgōlla}} Vulgar Latin *orgōllia, *orgōlla, {{der|en|frk|*uʀgōllju|*orgōllja}} Frankish *orgōllja, {{der|en|gem-pro|-}} Proto-Germanic, {{cog|goh|urguol}} Old High German urguol, {{cog|es|orgullo}} Spanish orgullo Head templates: {{en-adj}} orgulous (comparative more orgulous, superlative most orgulous)
  1. Proud; haughty; disdainful. Translations (proud, haughty): գոռոզ (goṙoz) (Armenian), ամբարտավան (ambartavan) (Armenian), hoogmoedig (Dutch), hooghartig (Dutch), ylpeä (Finnish), koppava (Finnish), fier (French), hautain (French), dédaigneux (French), méprisant (French), orgueilleux [masculine] (French), vaniteux [masculine] (French), stolz (German), orgoglioso [masculine] (Italian), altezzoso (Italian), fiero (Italian), 誇り高き (hokoritakaki) (Japanese), 거만(倨慢)하다 (geomanhada) (Korean), orgulhoso [masculine] (Portuguese), го́рдый (górdyj) (Russian), orgulloso (Spanish), högmodig (Swedish), högfärdig (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-orgulous-en-adj-~T2qk5fy Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Norwegian translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 74 2 14 11 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 77 2 12 9 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 53 13 18 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 67 9 13 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 53 0 19 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 51 13 19 16 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 55 0 21 24 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 55 6 16 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 66 0 13 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 66 0 13 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 53 13 18 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian translations: 51 13 19 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 51 13 19 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 53 13 18 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 66 0 13 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 63 0 16 21 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 54 13 19 15 Disambiguation of 'proud, haughty': 83 12 4 1
  2. Ostentatious; showy. Translations (ostentatious, showy): komea (Finnish), näyttävä (Finnish), ostentatoire (French), ostentato (Italian), appariscente (Italian), vistoso (Italian), 派手な (hadena) (Japanese)
    Sense id: en-orgulous-en-adj-C7NoYxyC Disambiguation of 'ostentatious, showy': 5 92 2 1
  3. Swollen; augmented; excessive. Translations (swollen, augmented, excessive): vergroot (Dutch), overmatige (Dutch), paisunut (Finnish), koppava (Finnish), excessif (French), ampoulé (French), ergänzt (German), übermäßige (German), aumentato (Italian), eccessivo (Italian), smodato (Italian), aumentada (Spanish), excesiva (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-orgulous-en-adj-w7hC4Y6o Disambiguation of 'swollen, augmented, excessive': 2 2 94 2
  4. Threatening; dangerous. Translations (threatening, dangerous): truende (Danish), farlig (Danish), bedreigend (Dutch), gevaarlijk (Dutch), uhkaava (Finnish), menaçant (French), dangereux (French), bedrohlich (German), gefährlich (German), minaccioso (Italian), pericoloso (Italian), truende (Norwegian), farlig (Norwegian), خطرناک (Persian), ameaçador (Portuguese), amenazante (Spanish), peligroso (Spanish), hotande (Swedish), farlig (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-orgulous-en-adj-GI615Ks~ Categories (other): English terms prefixed with or- Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with or-: 14 6 33 46 Disambiguation of 'threatening, dangerous': 0 1 2 97
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: orgueilous Derived forms: orgulously Related terms: orgueil

Download JSONL data for orgulous meaning in English (13.9kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "orgulously"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "orgulous"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English orgulous",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "orgueilleus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French orgueilleus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*urgol",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pride"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *urgol (“pride”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "urguol",
        "3": "",
        "4": "excellent"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German urguol (“excellent”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "orgel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pride"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English orgel (“pride”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uzgōljō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "or-",
        "t1": "out"
      },
      "expansion": "or- (“out”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "galan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to sing"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English galan (“to sing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "orgoill"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French orgoill",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*orgōllia, *orgōlla"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *orgōllia, *orgōlla",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*uʀgōllju",
        "4": "*orgōllja"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *orgōllja",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "urguol"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German urguol",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "orgullo"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish orgullo",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English orgulous, orgeilous, from Old French orgueilleus, orgoillus (“proud”), from orgoill, orgueil (“pride”), from Old Low Frankish *urgol (“pride”). Cognate with Old High German urguol (“excellent”), Old English orgel (“pride”), perhaps from a Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō, equivalent to or- (“out”) *gōl (“boast; showiness; pomp; splendor”), related to Old English galan (“to sing”) (whence Modern English gale). Also perhaps partly from Old French orgoill, from Vulgar Latin *orgōllia, *orgōlla, from Frankish *orgōllja, from the same Proto-Germanic source. Cognate with Old High German urguol, urguoli, urgilo (“pride”) and Spanish orgullo.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more orgulous",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most orgulous",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "orgulous (comparative more orgulous, superlative most orgulous)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "orgueil"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "74 2 14 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 2 12 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 13 18 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "67 9 13 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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        {
          "_dis": "53 0 19 28",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "51 13 19 16",
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        {
          "_dis": "55 0 21 24",
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        {
          "_dis": "55 6 16 23",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "66 0 13 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 0 13 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 13 18 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 13 19 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 13 19 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 13 18 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "66 0 13 20",
          "kind": "other",
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        {
          "_dis": "63 0 16 21",
          "kind": "other",
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          "_dis": "54 13 19 15",
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        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1966, Eric Walter White, Stravinsky the Composer and his Works, University of California Press, page 5",
          "text": "Her nephew describes her as 'an orgulous and despotic woman', and it is clear that he noticed and resented her numerous unkindnesses.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1975, Georgette Heyer, My Lord John, Arrow Books, published 2011, pages 14–15",
          "text": "They knew that my lord of Arundel had grown so orgulous that he had lately dared to marry the Earl of March's sister, without license.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Proud; haughty; disdainful."
      ],
      "id": "en-orgulous-en-adj-~T2qk5fy",
      "links": [
        [
          "Proud",
          "proud"
        ],
        [
          "haughty",
          "haughty"
        ],
        [
          "disdainful",
          "disdainful"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "goṙoz",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "գոռոզ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "ambartavan",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "ամբարտավան"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "hoogmoedig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "hooghartig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "ylpeä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "koppava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "fier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "hautain"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "dédaigneux"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "méprisant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "orgueilleux"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "vaniteux"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "stolz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "orgoglioso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "altezzoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "fiero"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hokoritakaki",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "誇り高き"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "geomanhada",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "거만(倨慢)하다"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "orgulhoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "górdyj",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "го́рдый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "orgulloso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "högmodig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "83 12 4 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "proud, haughty",
          "word": "högfärdig"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Ostentatious; showy."
      ],
      "id": "en-orgulous-en-adj-C7NoYxyC",
      "links": [
        [
          "Ostentatious",
          "ostentatious"
        ],
        [
          "showy",
          "showy"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "komea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "näyttävä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "ostentatoire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "ostentato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "appariscente"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "vistoso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 92 2 1",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "hadena",
          "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
          "word": "派手な"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1967, John T. Sladek, Masterson and the Clerks, reprinted in Best SF Stories from New Worlds 4, edited by Michael Moorcock\nThe smile became an orange balloon, orgulous and threatening.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Swollen; augmented; excessive."
      ],
      "id": "en-orgulous-en-adj-w7hC4Y6o",
      "links": [
        [
          "Swollen",
          "swollen"
        ],
        [
          "augmented",
          "augmented"
        ],
        [
          "excessive",
          "excessive"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "vergroot"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "overmatige"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "paisunut"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "koppava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "excessif"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "ampoulé"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "ergänzt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "übermäßige"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "aumentato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "eccessivo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "smodato"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "aumentada"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 94 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
          "word": "excesiva"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "14 6 33 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with or-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Threatening; dangerous."
      ],
      "id": "en-orgulous-en-adj-GI615Ks~",
      "links": [
        [
          "Threatening",
          "threatening"
        ],
        [
          "dangerous",
          "dangerous"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "truende"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "farlig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "bedreigend"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "gevaarlijk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "uhkaava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "menaçant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "dangereux"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "bedrohlich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "gefährlich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "minaccioso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "pericoloso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "truende"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "farlig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "خطرناک"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "ameaçador"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "amenazante"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "peligroso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "hotande"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 1 2 97",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
          "word": "farlig"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔːɡjʊləs/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔɹɡjələs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-orgulous.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/En-us-orgulous.ogg/En-us-orgulous.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/En-us-orgulous.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "orgueilous"
    }
  ],
  "word": "orgulous"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 3-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Frankish",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms prefixed with or-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "orgulously"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "orgulous"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English orgulous",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "orgueilleus"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French orgueilleus",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*urgol",
        "4": "",
        "5": "pride"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *urgol (“pride”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "urguol",
        "3": "",
        "4": "excellent"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German urguol (“excellent”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "orgel",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pride"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English orgel (“pride”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*uzgōljō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "or-",
        "t1": "out"
      },
      "expansion": "or- (“out”)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "galan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to sing"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English galan (“to sing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "orgoill"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French orgoill",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*orgōllia, *orgōlla"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *orgōllia, *orgōlla",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*uʀgōllju",
        "4": "*orgōllja"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *orgōllja",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "urguol"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German urguol",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "orgullo"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish orgullo",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English orgulous, orgeilous, from Old French orgueilleus, orgoillus (“proud”), from orgoill, orgueil (“pride”), from Old Low Frankish *urgol (“pride”). Cognate with Old High German urguol (“excellent”), Old English orgel (“pride”), perhaps from a Proto-Germanic *uzgōljō, equivalent to or- (“out”) *gōl (“boast; showiness; pomp; splendor”), related to Old English galan (“to sing”) (whence Modern English gale). Also perhaps partly from Old French orgoill, from Vulgar Latin *orgōllia, *orgōlla, from Frankish *orgōllja, from the same Proto-Germanic source. Cognate with Old High German urguol, urguoli, urgilo (“pride”) and Spanish orgullo.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more orgulous",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most orgulous",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "orgulous (comparative more orgulous, superlative most orgulous)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "orgueil"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1966, Eric Walter White, Stravinsky the Composer and his Works, University of California Press, page 5",
          "text": "Her nephew describes her as 'an orgulous and despotic woman', and it is clear that he noticed and resented her numerous unkindnesses.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1975, Georgette Heyer, My Lord John, Arrow Books, published 2011, pages 14–15",
          "text": "They knew that my lord of Arundel had grown so orgulous that he had lately dared to marry the Earl of March's sister, without license.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Proud; haughty; disdainful."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Proud",
          "proud"
        ],
        [
          "haughty",
          "haughty"
        ],
        [
          "disdainful",
          "disdainful"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Ostentatious; showy."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Ostentatious",
          "ostentatious"
        ],
        [
          "showy",
          "showy"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1967, John T. Sladek, Masterson and the Clerks, reprinted in Best SF Stories from New Worlds 4, edited by Michael Moorcock\nThe smile became an orange balloon, orgulous and threatening.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Swollen; augmented; excessive."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Swollen",
          "swollen"
        ],
        [
          "augmented",
          "augmented"
        ],
        [
          "excessive",
          "excessive"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Threatening; dangerous."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Threatening",
          "threatening"
        ],
        [
          "dangerous",
          "dangerous"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔːɡjʊləs/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔɹɡjələs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-orgulous.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/dd/En-us-orgulous.ogg/En-us-orgulous.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/En-us-orgulous.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "orgueilous"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "goṙoz",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "գոռոզ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "ambartavan",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "ամբարտավան"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "hoogmoedig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "hooghartig"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "ylpeä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "koppava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "fier"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "hautain"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "dédaigneux"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "méprisant"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "orgueilleux"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vaniteux"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "stolz"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "orgoglioso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "altezzoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "fiero"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hokoritakaki",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "誇り高き"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "geomanhada",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "거만(倨慢)하다"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "orgulhoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "górdyj",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "го́рдый"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "orgulloso"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "högmodig"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "proud, haughty",
      "word": "högfärdig"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "komea"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "näyttävä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "ostentatoire"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "ostentato"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "appariscente"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "vistoso"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "hadena",
      "sense": "ostentatious, showy",
      "word": "派手な"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "vergroot"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "overmatige"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "paisunut"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "koppava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "excessif"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "ampoulé"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "ergänzt"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "übermäßige"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "aumentato"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "eccessivo"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "smodato"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "aumentada"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "swollen, augmented, excessive",
      "word": "excesiva"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "truende"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "farlig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "bedreigend"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "gevaarlijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "uhkaava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "menaçant"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "dangereux"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "bedrohlich"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "gefährlich"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "minaccioso"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "pericoloso"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "truende"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "farlig"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "خطرناک"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "ameaçador"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "amenazante"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "peligroso"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "hotande"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "threatening, dangerous",
      "word": "farlig"
    }
  ],
  "word": "orgulous"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (e79c026 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.