See niggard in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for niggard meaning in English (15.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "nigard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nigard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nygard",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "nygard (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly person"
},
"expansion": "nig (“niggardly person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnǫggr",
"3": "",
"4": "miserly, stingy"
},
"expansion": "hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hniggw"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hniggw",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "njugg",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish njugg (“stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "niggla",
"3": "",
"4": "be stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish niggla (“be stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nigla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nigla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnauwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hneaw",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "hneaw (“stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig"
},
"expansion": "nig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "niggle",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "niggle (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Knicker",
"3": "",
"4": "niggard"
},
"expansion": "German Knicker (“niggard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knickerig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly"
},
"expansion": "knickerig (“niggardly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nigger"
},
"expansion": "nigger",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English nigard, nygard (“miser”), from nig (“niggardly person”), possibly of Scandinavian origin;\ncompare Old Icelandic hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”), Old Norse *hniggw, with descendants Swedish njugg (“stingy”), dialectal Swedish niggla (“be stingy”), dialectal Norwegian nigla.\nUltimately from Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz, source of Old English hneaw (“stingy”), replaced by Middle English nig.\nPossibly cognate to niggle (“miser”).\nCompare German Knicker (“niggard”), knickerig (“niggardly”). Unrelated to the word nigger, but see the usage notes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more niggard",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most niggard",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niggard (comparative more niggard, superlative most niggard)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 22 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sparing; stinting; parsimonious."
],
"id": "en-niggard-en-adj-Mip5XkB0",
"links": [
[
"Sparing",
"sparing"
],
[
"stinting",
"stinting"
],
[
"parsimonious",
"parsimonious"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 27 26 7 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 22 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1755, Tobias Smollett, chapter III, in The History and Adventures of the Renowned Don Quixote, translated from the original Spanish of Cervantes, volume II",
"text": "It was, however, the pleasure of his niggard and unhappy fortune, that in seeking a place proper for his accommodation, he and Dapple tumbled into a deep and very dark pit, among a number of old buildings.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1852, William, Robert Chambers, Chambers' Edinburgh Journal",
"text": "[H]is heart swelled within him, as he sat at the head of his own table, on the occasion of the house-warming, dispensing with no niggard hand the gratuitous viands and unlimited beer, which were at once to symbolise and inaugurate the hospitality of his mansion.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Miserly or stingy."
],
"id": "en-niggard-en-adj-kCHHtuNe",
"links": [
[
"Miserly",
"miserly"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡɚd]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡəd]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "niggered"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-niggard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle English",
"Old English",
"Old Icelandic"
],
"word": "niggard"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "nigard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nigard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nygard",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "nygard (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly person"
},
"expansion": "nig (“niggardly person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnǫggr",
"3": "",
"4": "miserly, stingy"
},
"expansion": "hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hniggw"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hniggw",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "njugg",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish njugg (“stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "niggla",
"3": "",
"4": "be stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish niggla (“be stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nigla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nigla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnauwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hneaw",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "hneaw (“stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig"
},
"expansion": "nig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "niggle",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "niggle (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Knicker",
"3": "",
"4": "niggard"
},
"expansion": "German Knicker (“niggard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knickerig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly"
},
"expansion": "knickerig (“niggardly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nigger"
},
"expansion": "nigger",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English nigard, nygard (“miser”), from nig (“niggardly person”), possibly of Scandinavian origin;\ncompare Old Icelandic hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”), Old Norse *hniggw, with descendants Swedish njugg (“stingy”), dialectal Swedish niggla (“be stingy”), dialectal Norwegian nigla.\nUltimately from Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz, source of Old English hneaw (“stingy”), replaced by Middle English nig.\nPossibly cognate to niggle (“miser”).\nCompare German Knicker (“niggard”), knickerig (“niggardly”). Unrelated to the word nigger, but see the usage notes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "niggards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niggard (plural niggards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 27 26 7 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 21 42 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 20 42 8 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 22 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 26 67 0 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1618, John Taylor, The Pennyles Pilgrimage or The Money-lesse Perambulation of John Taylor",
"text": "All his pleasures were social; and while health and fortune smiled upon him, he was no niggard either of his time or talents to those who needed them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1955, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Return of the King, Book VI, Chapter 6 \"Many Partings\"",
"text": "‘No niggard are you, Éomer,’ said Aragorn, ‘to give thus to Gondor the fairest thing in your realm!’"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A miser or stingy person; a skinflint."
],
"id": "en-niggard-en-noun--Ij4OlE6",
"links": [
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
],
[
"skinflint",
"skinflint"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "miser"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1833, Edward Bulwer Lytton, Godolphin\nIt was evening: he ordered a fire and lights; and, leaning his face on his hand as he contemplated the fitful and dusky upbreakings of the flame through the bars of the niggard and contracted grate […]"
},
{
"text": "1851, From a catalog of the Great Exhibition\nCooking apparatus, adapted for an opening eight feet wide, by five feet high, and containing an open-fire roasting range, with sliding spit-racks and winding cheek or niggard;"
},
{
"ref": "1834 May 21, Thomas Carlyle, Jane Welsh Carlyle, Lady Gertrude Hoffmann Bliss, Thomas Carlyle: Letters to His Wife, published 1953, page 100",
"text": "Neither this nor the Brompton house have a kitchen-range (that is, Grate like the Miles's), but only a grate with moveable niggards etc.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, volume 109, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 15",
"text": "A niggard was a movable side to the kitchen grate which could be wound up with a handle so as to make the fire […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A false bottom in a grate, used for saving fuel."
],
"id": "en-niggard-en-noun-JIOd7urI"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡɚd]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡəd]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "niggered"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-niggard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle English",
"Old English",
"Old Icelandic"
],
"word": "niggard"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "nigard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nigard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nygard",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "nygard (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly person"
},
"expansion": "nig (“niggardly person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnǫggr",
"3": "",
"4": "miserly, stingy"
},
"expansion": "hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hniggw"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hniggw",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "njugg",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish njugg (“stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "niggla",
"3": "",
"4": "be stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish niggla (“be stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nigla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nigla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnauwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hneaw",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "hneaw (“stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig"
},
"expansion": "nig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "niggle",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "niggle (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Knicker",
"3": "",
"4": "niggard"
},
"expansion": "German Knicker (“niggard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knickerig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly"
},
"expansion": "knickerig (“niggardly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nigger"
},
"expansion": "nigger",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English nigard, nygard (“miser”), from nig (“niggardly person”), possibly of Scandinavian origin;\ncompare Old Icelandic hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”), Old Norse *hniggw, with descendants Swedish njugg (“stingy”), dialectal Swedish niggla (“be stingy”), dialectal Norwegian nigla.\nUltimately from Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz, source of Old English hneaw (“stingy”), replaced by Middle English nig.\nPossibly cognate to niggle (“miser”).\nCompare German Knicker (“niggard”), knickerig (“niggardly”). Unrelated to the word nigger, but see the usage notes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "niggards",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niggarding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niggarded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "niggarded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niggard (third-person singular simple present niggards, present participle niggarding, simple past and past participle niggarded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 27 26 7 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 22 33 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "niggardise"
},
{
"word": "niggardish"
},
{
"word": "niggardliness"
},
{
"word": "niggardly"
},
{
"word": "niggardness"
},
{
"word": "niggardous"
},
{
"word": "niggardry"
},
{
"word": "niggardship"
},
{
"word": "niggardy"
},
{
"word": "unniggard"
},
{
"word": "unniggardly"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To hoard; to act stingily."
],
"id": "en-niggard-en-verb-ART03EFl",
"links": [
[
"hoard",
"hoard#Verb"
],
[
"stingily",
"stingily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To hoard; to act stingily."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "nig"
},
{
"word": "niggish"
},
{
"word": "niggle"
},
{
"word": "nigon"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "amass"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡɚd]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡəd]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "niggered"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-niggard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Controversies about the word niggardly",
"Middle English",
"Old English",
"Old Icelandic"
],
"word": "niggard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "nigard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nigard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nygard",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "nygard (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly person"
},
"expansion": "nig (“niggardly person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnǫggr",
"3": "",
"4": "miserly, stingy"
},
"expansion": "hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hniggw"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hniggw",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "njugg",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish njugg (“stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "niggla",
"3": "",
"4": "be stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish niggla (“be stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nigla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nigla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnauwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hneaw",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "hneaw (“stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig"
},
"expansion": "nig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "niggle",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "niggle (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Knicker",
"3": "",
"4": "niggard"
},
"expansion": "German Knicker (“niggard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knickerig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly"
},
"expansion": "knickerig (“niggardly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nigger"
},
"expansion": "nigger",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English nigard, nygard (“miser”), from nig (“niggardly person”), possibly of Scandinavian origin;\ncompare Old Icelandic hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”), Old Norse *hniggw, with descendants Swedish njugg (“stingy”), dialectal Swedish niggla (“be stingy”), dialectal Norwegian nigla.\nUltimately from Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz, source of Old English hneaw (“stingy”), replaced by Middle English nig.\nPossibly cognate to niggle (“miser”).\nCompare German Knicker (“niggard”), knickerig (“niggardly”). Unrelated to the word nigger, but see the usage notes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more niggard",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most niggard",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niggard (comparative more niggard, superlative most niggard)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Sparing; stinting; parsimonious."
],
"links": [
[
"Sparing",
"sparing"
],
[
"stinting",
"stinting"
],
[
"parsimonious",
"parsimonious"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1755, Tobias Smollett, chapter III, in The History and Adventures of the Renowned Don Quixote, translated from the original Spanish of Cervantes, volume II",
"text": "It was, however, the pleasure of his niggard and unhappy fortune, that in seeking a place proper for his accommodation, he and Dapple tumbled into a deep and very dark pit, among a number of old buildings.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1852, William, Robert Chambers, Chambers' Edinburgh Journal",
"text": "[H]is heart swelled within him, as he sat at the head of his own table, on the occasion of the house-warming, dispensing with no niggard hand the gratuitous viands and unlimited beer, which were at once to symbolise and inaugurate the hospitality of his mansion.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Miserly or stingy."
],
"links": [
[
"Miserly",
"miserly"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡɚd]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡəd]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "niggered"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-niggard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle English",
"Old English",
"Old Icelandic"
],
"word": "niggard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "nigard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nigard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nygard",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "nygard (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly person"
},
"expansion": "nig (“niggardly person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnǫggr",
"3": "",
"4": "miserly, stingy"
},
"expansion": "hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hniggw"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hniggw",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "njugg",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish njugg (“stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "niggla",
"3": "",
"4": "be stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish niggla (“be stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nigla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nigla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnauwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hneaw",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "hneaw (“stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig"
},
"expansion": "nig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "niggle",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "niggle (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Knicker",
"3": "",
"4": "niggard"
},
"expansion": "German Knicker (“niggard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knickerig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly"
},
"expansion": "knickerig (“niggardly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nigger"
},
"expansion": "nigger",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English nigard, nygard (“miser”), from nig (“niggardly person”), possibly of Scandinavian origin;\ncompare Old Icelandic hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”), Old Norse *hniggw, with descendants Swedish njugg (“stingy”), dialectal Swedish niggla (“be stingy”), dialectal Norwegian nigla.\nUltimately from Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz, source of Old English hneaw (“stingy”), replaced by Middle English nig.\nPossibly cognate to niggle (“miser”).\nCompare German Knicker (“niggard”), knickerig (“niggardly”). Unrelated to the word nigger, but see the usage notes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "niggards",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niggard (plural niggards)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1618, John Taylor, The Pennyles Pilgrimage or The Money-lesse Perambulation of John Taylor",
"text": "All his pleasures were social; and while health and fortune smiled upon him, he was no niggard either of his time or talents to those who needed them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1955, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Return of the King, Book VI, Chapter 6 \"Many Partings\"",
"text": "‘No niggard are you, Éomer,’ said Aragorn, ‘to give thus to Gondor the fairest thing in your realm!’"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A miser or stingy person; a skinflint."
],
"links": [
[
"miser",
"miser"
],
[
"stingy",
"stingy"
],
[
"skinflint",
"skinflint"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "miser"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1833, Edward Bulwer Lytton, Godolphin\nIt was evening: he ordered a fire and lights; and, leaning his face on his hand as he contemplated the fitful and dusky upbreakings of the flame through the bars of the niggard and contracted grate […]"
},
{
"text": "1851, From a catalog of the Great Exhibition\nCooking apparatus, adapted for an opening eight feet wide, by five feet high, and containing an open-fire roasting range, with sliding spit-racks and winding cheek or niggard;"
},
{
"ref": "1834 May 21, Thomas Carlyle, Jane Welsh Carlyle, Lady Gertrude Hoffmann Bliss, Thomas Carlyle: Letters to His Wife, published 1953, page 100",
"text": "Neither this nor the Brompton house have a kitchen-range (that is, Grate like the Miles's), but only a grate with moveable niggards etc.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, volume 109, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 15",
"text": "A niggard was a movable side to the kitchen grate which could be wound up with a handle so as to make the fire […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A false bottom in a grate, used for saving fuel."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡɚd]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡəd]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "niggered"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-niggard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Middle English",
"Old English",
"Old Icelandic"
],
"word": "niggard"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "niggardise"
},
{
"word": "niggardish"
},
{
"word": "niggardliness"
},
{
"word": "niggardly"
},
{
"word": "niggardness"
},
{
"word": "niggardous"
},
{
"word": "niggardry"
},
{
"word": "niggardship"
},
{
"word": "niggardy"
},
{
"word": "unniggard"
},
{
"word": "unniggardly"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "nigard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English nigard",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nygard",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "nygard (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly person"
},
"expansion": "nig (“niggardly person”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hnǫggr",
"3": "",
"4": "miserly, stingy"
},
"expansion": "hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*hniggw"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *hniggw",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "njugg",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish njugg (“stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "niggla",
"3": "",
"4": "be stingy"
},
"expansion": "Swedish niggla (“be stingy”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "nigla"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian nigla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hnauwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hneaw",
"3": "",
"4": "stingy"
},
"expansion": "hneaw (“stingy”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nig"
},
"expansion": "nig",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "niggle",
"3": "",
"4": "miser"
},
"expansion": "niggle (“miser”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Knicker",
"3": "",
"4": "niggard"
},
"expansion": "German Knicker (“niggard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "knickerig",
"3": "",
"4": "niggardly"
},
"expansion": "knickerig (“niggardly”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nigger"
},
"expansion": "nigger",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English nigard, nygard (“miser”), from nig (“niggardly person”), possibly of Scandinavian origin;\ncompare Old Icelandic hnǫggr (“miserly, stingy”), Old Norse *hniggw, with descendants Swedish njugg (“stingy”), dialectal Swedish niggla (“be stingy”), dialectal Norwegian nigla.\nUltimately from Proto-Germanic *hnauwjaz, source of Old English hneaw (“stingy”), replaced by Middle English nig.\nPossibly cognate to niggle (“miser”).\nCompare German Knicker (“niggard”), knickerig (“niggardly”). Unrelated to the word nigger, but see the usage notes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "niggards",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niggarding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "niggarded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "niggarded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "niggard (third-person singular simple present niggards, present participle niggarding, simple past and past participle niggarded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "nig"
},
{
"word": "niggish"
},
{
"word": "niggle"
},
{
"word": "nigon"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To hoard; to act stingily."
],
"links": [
[
"hoard",
"hoard#Verb"
],
[
"stingily",
"stingily"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To hoard; to act stingily."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "amass"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡɚd]",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈnɪɡəd]",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "niggered"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-niggard.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f3/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-niggard.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Controversies about the word niggardly",
"Middle English",
"Old English",
"Old Icelandic"
],
"word": "niggard"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.