See natural history in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"The study of all living things, especially their origins, evolution and interrelationships."
],
"id": "en-natural_history-en-noun-kfKWEgA6",
"links": [
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
],
[
"evolution",
"evolution"
],
[
"interrelationship",
"interrelationship"
]
],
"tags": [
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"code": "af",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "natuurgeskiedenis"
},
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],
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],
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},
{
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"tags": [
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"code": "cmn",
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"roman": "bówùxué",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "博物學 /博物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "cs",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
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],
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},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "da",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
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"code": "nl",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "natuurlijke historie"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "eo",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "natura historio"
},
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"code": "fo",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "náttúrusøga"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "luonnonhistoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "histoire naturelle"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "gl",
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"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Naturgeschichte"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fysikí istoría",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "φυσική ιστορία"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "prākŕtik itihās",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "प्राकृतिक इतिहास"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "természetrajz"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "náttúrusaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "sejarah alam"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "storia naturale"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "博物学"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "naisargika itihāsa",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "ನೈಸರ್ಗಿಕ ಇತಿಹಾಸ"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jaratylystanu",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "жаратылыстану"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bangmulhak",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "박물학"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "historia naturalis"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Naturléier"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodonáuka",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природона́ука"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodoznanie",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природознание"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "târix-e tabi'i",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "تاریخِ طبیعی"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia naturalna"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "história natural"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "istorie naturală"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prirodovédenije",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природове́дение"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prirodopis"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "naturhistoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "taʾrix-i tabiʾi",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "таърихи табиъӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "iyaṟkai varalāṟu",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "இயற்கை வரலாறு"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "doğa tarihi"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodnýča istórija",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природни́ча істо́рія"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 20 4 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodoznávstvo",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природозна́вство"
}
]
},
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{
"_dis": "0 54 24 22",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
"glosses": [
"The study of all natural phenomena: botany, zoology, mineralogy, etc."
],
"id": "en-natural_history-en-noun-VmSWBY~5",
"links": [
[
"phenomena",
"phenomena"
],
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"mineralogy",
"mineralogy"
]
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 87 13 0",
"word": "naturalist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 87 13 0",
"word": "science"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pryródaznaŭstva",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "прыродазнаўства"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dòngzhíwù yánjiū",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "動植物研究 /动植物研究"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "luonnontiede"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "histoire naturelle"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"english": "dated term",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "természetrajz"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "a primary school subject",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "környezetismeret"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodonáuka",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природона́ука"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodoznanie",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природознание"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prirodovédenije",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природове́дение"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "naturhistoria"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodnýča istórija",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природни́ча істо́рія"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 56 2 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodoznávstvo",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природозна́вство"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 13 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 7 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
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},
{
"_dis": "36 8 12 44",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 8 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 11 16 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 14 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "45 6 13 36",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 8 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kannada translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 13 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 13 16 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 10 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 8 12 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 14 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 6 12 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 12 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A treatise or similar work that summarizes the known facts of either of the above."
],
"id": "en-natural_history-en-noun-kgUkMVpb",
"links": [
[
"treatise",
"treatise"
],
[
"summarize",
"summarize"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bówùxué lùnzhù",
"sense": "treatise",
"word": "博物學論著 /博物学论著"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dòngzhíwù yánjiū lùnzhù",
"sense": "treatise",
"word": "動植物研究論著 /动植物研究论著"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "treatise",
"word": "luonnonhistoria"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 3 10 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 8 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 13 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 6 10 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 7 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 8 12 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 6 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 8 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 11 16 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 14 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 14 14 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 6 13 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 8 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kannada translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 6 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 7 13 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 13 16 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 10 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 8 12 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 14 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 6 12 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 8 11 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 10 12 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tamil translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 12 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 9 13 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 24 15 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Sciences",
"orig": "en:Sciences",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The progression of a medical condition in an individual."
],
"id": "en-natural_history-en-noun-oEH3VUsK",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"progression",
"progression"
],
[
"medical",
"medical"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) The progression of a medical condition in an individual."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "21 2 5 73",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìrán fāzhǎn guòchéng",
"sense": "progression of a medical condition",
"word": "自然發展過程 /自然发展过程"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 2 5 73",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "progression of a medical condition",
"word": "luonnollinen kulku"
}
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"natural history"
],
"word": "natural history"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Biology",
"en:Sciences"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "natural histories",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "natural history (countable and uncountable, plural natural histories)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "naturalist"
},
{
"word": "science"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The study of all living things, especially their origins, evolution and interrelationships."
],
"links": [
[
"living",
"living"
],
[
"origin",
"origin"
],
[
"evolution",
"evolution"
],
[
"interrelationship",
"interrelationship"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The study of all natural phenomena: botany, zoology, mineralogy, etc."
],
"links": [
[
"phenomena",
"phenomena"
],
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"mineralogy",
"mineralogy"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A treatise or similar work that summarizes the known facts of either of the above."
],
"links": [
[
"treatise",
"treatise"
],
[
"summarize",
"summarize"
],
[
"fact",
"fact"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"The progression of a medical condition in an individual."
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"progression",
"progression"
],
[
"medical",
"medical"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"individual",
"individual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) The progression of a medical condition in an individual."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "natuurgeskiedenis"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "تاريخ طبيعي"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pryródaznaŭstva",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "прыродазнаўства"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "història natural"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bówùxué",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "博物學 /博物学"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "přírodopis"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "natuurlijke historie"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "natura historio"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "náttúrusøga"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "luonnonhistoria"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "histoire naturelle"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Naturgeschichte"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fysikí istoría",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "φυσική ιστορία"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "prākŕtik itihās",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "प्राकृतिक इतिहास"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "természetrajz"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "náttúrusaga"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "sejarah alam"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "storia naturale"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "博物学"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "naisargika itihāsa",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "ನೈಸರ್ಗಿಕ ಇತಿಹಾಸ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jaratylystanu",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "жаратылыстану"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "bangmulhak",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "박물학"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "historia naturalis"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Naturléier"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodonáuka",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природона́ука"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodoznanie",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природознание"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "târix-e tabi'i",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "تاریخِ طبیعی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia naturalna"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "história natural"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "istorie naturală"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prirodovédenije",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природове́дение"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prirodopis"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "historia natural"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "naturhistoria"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "taʾrix-i tabiʾi",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "таърихи табиъӣ"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "iyaṟkai varalāṟu",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "இயற்கை வரலாறு"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"word": "doğa tarihi"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodnýča istórija",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природни́ча істо́рія"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodoznávstvo",
"sense": "study of the origins and evolution of all living things",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природозна́вство"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "pryródaznaŭstva",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "прыродазнаўства"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dòngzhíwù yánjiū",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "動植物研究 /动植物研究"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "luonnontiede"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "histoire naturelle"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "dated term",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "természetrajz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "a primary school subject",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"word": "környezetismeret"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodonáuka",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природона́ука"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "prirodoznanie",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природознание"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "naturhistorie"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prirodovédenije",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природове́дение"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "naturhistoria"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodnýča istórija",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "природни́ча істо́рія"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pryrodoznávstvo",
"sense": "study of all natural phenomena",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "природозна́вство"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bówùxué lùnzhù",
"sense": "treatise",
"word": "博物學論著 /博物学论著"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dòngzhíwù yánjiū lùnzhù",
"sense": "treatise",
"word": "動植物研究論著 /动植物研究论著"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "treatise",
"word": "luonnonhistoria"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zìrán fāzhǎn guòchéng",
"sense": "progression of a medical condition",
"word": "自然發展過程 /自然发展过程"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "progression of a medical condition",
"word": "luonnollinen kulku"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"natural history"
],
"word": "natural history"
}
Download raw JSONL data for natural history meaning in English (13.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.