"liking" meaning in English

See liking in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈlaɪkɪŋ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-liking.wav Forms: likings [plural]
Rhymes: -aɪkɪŋ Etymology: From Middle English likinge, from Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”), equivalent to like + -ing. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|likinge}} Middle English likinge, {{inh|en|ang|līcung|t=pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking}} Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”), {{suffix|en|like|ing}} like + -ing Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} liking (countable and uncountable, plural likings)
  1. A like; a predilection. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (like): склонност (sklonnost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), симпатия (simpatija) [feminine] (Bulgarian), 愛好 /爱好 (àihào) (Chinese Mandarin), 趣味 (qùwèi) (Chinese Mandarin), 喜愛 /喜爱 (xǐ'ài) (Chinese Mandarin), mieltymys (Finnish), sympathie [feminine] (French), goût [masculine] (French), gusto (Galician), Zuneigung [feminine] (German), Sympathie [feminine] (German), Geschmack [masculine] (German), Vorliebe [feminine] (German), ízlés (Hungarian), tetszés (Hungarian), kedv (Hungarian), 好み (konomi) (alt: このみ) (Japanese), هوا (heva) (Ottoman Turkish), gosto [masculine] (Portuguese), plac [neuter] (Romanian), скло́нность (sklónnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), пристра́стие (pristrástije) [neuter] (Russian), любо́вь (ljubóvʹ) [feminine] (Russian), вкус (vkus) (alt: к чему́-либо) [masculine] (Russian), симпа́тия (simpátija) [feminine] (Russian), предрасполо́женность (predraspolóžennostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), gusto [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-liking-en-noun-fwaIL7r2 Disambiguation of 'like': 100 0
  2. (archaic) Approval. Tags: archaic, countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-liking-en-noun-SSEnOq1E Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ing, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 33 51 16 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ing: 20 70 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 18 76 6 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 12 82 5 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 12 83 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 7 88 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 8 86 6 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 13 84 3 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 8 86 6 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 8 87 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 7 85 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 8 88 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 7 87 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations: 7 87 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 8 86 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 8 86 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 8 88 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 11 87 3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: predilection Derived forms: for one's liking, good liking, to someone's liking, take a liking to
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /ˈlaɪkɪŋ/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-liking.wav
Rhymes: -aɪkɪŋ Etymology: From Middle English likinge, likinde, likende, likande, licande, from Old English līciende, līciġende, from Proto-Germanic *līkāndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *līkāną, equivalent to like + -ing. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|likinge}} Middle English likinge, {{inh|en|ang|līciende}} Old English līciende, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*līkāndz}} Proto-Germanic *līkāndz, {{der|en|gem-pro|*līkāną}} Proto-Germanic *līkāną, {{suffix|en|like|ing}} like + -ing Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} liking
  1. present participle and gerund of like Tags: form-of, gerund, participle, present Form of: like
    Sense id: en-liking-en-verb-wRsfwa1T
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "likinge"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English likinge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "līciende"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English līciende",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*līkāndz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *līkāndz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*līkāną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *līkāną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "like",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "like + -ing",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English likinge, likinde, likende, likande, licande, from Old English līciende, līciġende, from Proto-Germanic *līkāndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *līkāną, equivalent to like + -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "liking",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "like"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of like"
      ],
      "id": "en-liking-en-verb-wRsfwa1T",
      "links": [
        [
          "like",
          "like#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪkɪŋ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-liking.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪkɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "liking"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "for one's liking"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "good liking"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "to someone's liking"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "take a liking to"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "likinge"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English likinge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "līcung",
        "t": "pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "like",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "like + -ing",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English likinge, from Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”), equivalent to like + -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "likings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "liking (countable and uncountable, plural likings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1859, John Stuart Mill, “Introductory”, in On Liberty, London: John W[illiam] Parker and Son, […], →OCLC, page 17:",
          "text": "The likings and dislikings of society, or of some powerful portion of it, are thus the main thing which has practically determined the rules laid down for general observance, under the penalties of law or opinion.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012 September 15, Amy Lawrence, “Arsenal's Gervinho enjoys the joy of six against lowly Southampton”, in the Guardian:",
          "text": "The Ivorian is a player with such a liking for improvisation it does not usually look like he has any more idea than anyone else what he is going to do next, so it was an interesting choice.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A like; a predilection."
      ],
      "id": "en-liking-en-noun-fwaIL7r2",
      "links": [
        [
          "like",
          "like#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "predilection",
          "predilection"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "sklonnost",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "склонност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "simpatija",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "симпатия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "àihào",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "愛好 /爱好"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "qùwèi",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "趣味"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "xǐ'ài",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "喜愛 /喜爱"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "mieltymys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sympathie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "goût"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "gusto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Zuneigung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Sympathie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Geschmack"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Vorliebe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "ízlés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "tetszés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "kedv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "alt": "このみ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "konomi",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "好み"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "heva",
          "sense": "like",
          "word": "هوا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gosto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "plac"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "sklónnostʹ",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "скло́нность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pristrástije",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "пристра́стие"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ljubóvʹ",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "любо́вь"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "alt": "к чему́-либо",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vkus",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "вкус"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "simpátija",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "симпа́тия"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "predraspolóžennostʹ",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "предрасполо́женность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "like",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gusto"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 51 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 70 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 76 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 82 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 83 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 88 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 86 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 84 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 86 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Galician translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 87 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 85 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 88 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 87 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 87 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 86 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 86 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 88 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 87 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "goods bought on liking",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Approval."
      ],
      "id": "en-liking-en-noun-SSEnOq1E",
      "links": [
        [
          "Approval",
          "approval"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Approval."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪkɪŋ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-liking.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪkɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "predilection"
    }
  ],
  "word": "liking"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verb forms",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪkɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪkɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "likinge"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English likinge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "līciende"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English līciende",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*līkāndz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *līkāndz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*līkāną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *līkāną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "like",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "like + -ing",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English likinge, likinde, likende, likande, licande, from Old English līciende, līciġende, from Proto-Germanic *līkāndz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *līkāną, equivalent to like + -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "liking",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "like"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "present participle and gerund of like"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "like",
          "like#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪkɪŋ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-liking.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪkɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "liking"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ing",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪkɪŋ",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪkɪŋ/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "for one's liking"
    },
    {
      "word": "good liking"
    },
    {
      "word": "to someone's liking"
    },
    {
      "word": "take a liking to"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "likinge"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English likinge",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "līcung",
        "t": "pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "like",
        "3": "ing"
      },
      "expansion": "like + -ing",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English likinge, from Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”), equivalent to like + -ing.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "likings",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "liking (countable and uncountable, plural likings)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1859, John Stuart Mill, “Introductory”, in On Liberty, London: John W[illiam] Parker and Son, […], →OCLC, page 17:",
          "text": "The likings and dislikings of society, or of some powerful portion of it, are thus the main thing which has practically determined the rules laid down for general observance, under the penalties of law or opinion.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012 September 15, Amy Lawrence, “Arsenal's Gervinho enjoys the joy of six against lowly Southampton”, in the Guardian:",
          "text": "The Ivorian is a player with such a liking for improvisation it does not usually look like he has any more idea than anyone else what he is going to do next, so it was an interesting choice.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A like; a predilection."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "like",
          "like#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "predilection",
          "predilection"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "goods bought on liking",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Approval."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Approval",
          "approval"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Approval."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaɪkɪŋ/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-liking.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-liking.wav.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪkɪŋ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "predilection"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "sklonnost",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "склонност"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "simpatija",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "симпатия"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "àihào",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "愛好 /爱好"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "qùwèi",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "趣味"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "xǐ'ài",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "喜愛 /喜爱"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "mieltymys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sympathie"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "goût"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "gusto"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Zuneigung"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Sympathie"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Geschmack"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Vorliebe"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "ízlés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "tetszés"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "kedv"
    },
    {
      "alt": "このみ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "konomi",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "好み"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "heva",
      "sense": "like",
      "word": "هوا"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gosto"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "plac"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "sklónnostʹ",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "скло́нность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pristrástije",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "пристра́стие"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ljubóvʹ",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "любо́вь"
    },
    {
      "alt": "к чему́-либо",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vkus",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "вкус"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "simpátija",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "симпа́тия"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "predraspolóžennostʹ",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "предрасполо́женность"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "like",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gusto"
    }
  ],
  "word": "liking"
}

Download raw JSONL data for liking meaning in English (9.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.