See leading in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "ledinge" }, "expansion": "Middle English ledinge", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "lǣdende" }, "expansion": "Old English lǣdende", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*laidijandī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijandz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijandz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijaną", "t": "to lead" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "ing", "id2": "participial" }, "expansion": "lead + -ing", "name": "suf" }, { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "liedend" }, "expansion": "West Frisian liedend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "leidend" }, "expansion": "Dutch leidend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "leitend" }, "expansion": "German leitend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "ledande" }, "expansion": "Swedish ledande", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "leiðandi" }, "expansion": "Icelandic leiðandi", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English ledinge, ledynge, ledand, ledande, ledende, from Old English lǣdende, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī, from Proto-Germanic *laidijandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”), equivalent to lead + -ing. Compare West Frisian liedend, Dutch leidend, German leitend, Swedish ledande, Icelandic leiðandi.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "verb form" }, "expansion": "leading", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.", "type": "quote" } ], "form_of": [ { "word": "lead" } ], "glosses": [ "present participle and gerund of lead" ], "id": "en-leading-en-verb-2~XcTMXf", "links": [ [ "lead", "lead#English" ] ], "tags": [ "form-of", "gerund", "participle", "present" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈliːdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈlidɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-leading.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg/En-us-leading.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ" } ], "word": "leading" } { "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "leading indicator" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0", "word": "leading woman" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "ledinge" }, "expansion": "Middle English ledinge", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "lǣdende" }, "expansion": "Old English lǣdende", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*laidijandī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijandz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijandz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijaną", "t": "to lead" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "ing", "id2": "participial" }, "expansion": "lead + -ing", "name": "suf" }, { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "liedend" }, "expansion": "West Frisian liedend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "leidend" }, "expansion": "Dutch leidend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "leitend" }, "expansion": "German leitend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "ledande" }, "expansion": "Swedish ledande", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "leiðandi" }, "expansion": "Icelandic leiðandi", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English ledinge, ledynge, ledand, ledande, ledende, from Old English lǣdende, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī, from Proto-Germanic *laidijandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”), equivalent to lead + -ing. Compare West Frisian liedend, Dutch leidend, German leitend, Swedish ledande, Icelandic leiðandi.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "leading (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "text": "Avoid leading questions if you really want the truth.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Providing guidance or direction." ], "id": "en-leading-en-adj-UMtGHCTz", "links": [ [ "Providing", "provide" ], [ "guidance", "guidance" ], [ "direction", "direction" ] ], "tags": [ "not-comparable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "vodešt", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "водещ" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "rǎkovoden", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "ръководен" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "johdatteleva" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "führend" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "principale" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vedúščij", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "веду́щий" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rukovodjáščij", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "руководя́щий" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "ru", "english": "question", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "navodjáščij", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "наводя́щий" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "principal" }, { "_dis1": "93 3 4", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "ledande" } ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "text": "He is a leading supplier of plumbing supplies in the county.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Ranking first." ], "id": "en-leading-en-adj-5wfQDqXX", "links": [ [ "Ranking", "rank#Verb" ], [ "first", "first" ] ], "tags": [ "not-comparable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "johtava" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "koryfaíos", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "κορυφαίος" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "principale" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "primo" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "maggiore" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "pdt", "lang": "Plautdietsch", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "fierent" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vedúščij", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "веду́щий" }, { "_dis1": "1 97 2", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "ledande" } ] }, { "antonyms": [ { "word": "following" }, { "word": "lagging" }, { "word": "trailing" } ], "categories": [ { "_dis": "2 2 74 1 1 19 1", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "8 6 55 3 2 23 3", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "9 7 77 7", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "8 5 62 3 2 17 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "4 2 70 1 1 20 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "3 2 74 1 1 17 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "13 9 72 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 6 48 4 4 23 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Czech translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 4 58 2 2 20 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 7 52 4 3 21 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 7 56 4 2 20 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 8 57 5 3 18 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 7 55 4 3 19 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Greek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 6 51 4 2 21 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 7 51 4 2 20 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "9 7 51 4 2 24 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 5 62 2 2 18 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 5 62 2 2 18 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 7 52 4 3 21 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "9 6 56 4 2 19 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 3 89 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "11 8 51 5 2 20 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 6 54 4 2 22 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 5 62 2 2 18 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "7 4 61 3 1 23 1", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 7 54 5 2 21 3", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "10 7 57 4 2 18 2", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Welsh translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "coordinate_terms": [ { "_dis1": "1 1 99", "sense": "occurring in advance", "word": "concurrent" }, { "_dis1": "1 1 99", "sense": "occurring in advance", "word": "lagging" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "The stock market can be a leading economic indicator.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Occurring in advance; preceding." ], "id": "en-leading-en-adj-1aISodo4", "links": [ [ "Occurring", "occur" ], [ "advance", "advance" ], [ "preceding", "preceding" ] ], "tags": [ "not-comparable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "2 3 95", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "preceding", "word": "edeltävä" }, { "_dis1": "2 3 95", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "preceding", "word": "vorangehend" }, { "_dis1": "2 3 95", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "preceding", "word": "vorausgehend" }, { "_dis1": "2 3 95", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "preceding", "word": "führend" }, { "_dis1": "2 3 95", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "preceding", "word": "precedente" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈliːdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈlidɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-leading.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg/En-us-leading.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ" } ], "word": "leading" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "leding" }, "expansion": "Middle English leding", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "-ing", "id2": "gerund noun" }, "expansion": "lead + -ing", "name": "suf" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "leiding", "t": "conduit, leading, guidance, leadership" }, "expansion": "Dutch leiding (“conduit, leading, guidance, leadership”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Leitung", "t": "line, conduit, cable" }, "expansion": "German Leitung (“line, conduit, cable”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English leding, ledyng, ledinge, ledunge, equivalent to lead + -ing. Cognate with Dutch leiding (“conduit, leading, guidance, leadership”), German Leitung (“line, conduit, cable”).", "forms": [ { "form": "leadings", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "leading (plural leadings)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "70 30", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1792, William Carey, An Enquiry into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the:", "text": "It has been said that we ought not to force our way, but to wait for the openings, and leadings of Providence; but it might with equal propriety be answered in this case, neither ought we to neglect embracing those openings in providence which daily present themselves to us.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1892, Walt Whitman, “A Song for Occupations”, in Leaves of Grass […], Philadelphia, Pa.: David McKay, publisher, […], →OCLC, stanza 5, page 175:", "text": "I do not affirm that what you see beyond is futile, I do not advise you to stop, / I do not say leadings you thought great are not great, / But I say that none lead to greater than these lead to.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1904, Edward Dowden, Robert Browning:", "text": "In his poetic method each writer followed the leadings of his own genius, without reference to common rules and standards; the individualism of the Revolutionary epoch asserted itself to the full.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An act by which one is led or guided." ], "id": "en-leading-en-noun-TA0D1sxv", "links": [ [ "led", "lead#Verb" ], [ "guided", "guide#Verb" ] ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:", "text": "Art thou but Captaine of a thouſand horſe,\nThat by Characters grauen in thy browes,\nAnd by thy martiall face and ſtout aſpect,\nDeſeru’ſt to haue the leading of an hoſte?", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Command of an army or military unit." ], "id": "en-leading-en-noun-HtcI7p57", "links": [ [ "Command", "command" ], [ "army", "army" ], [ "military", "military" ], [ "unit", "unit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(archaic) Command of an army or military unit." ], "tags": [ "archaic" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈliːdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈlidɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-leading.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg/En-us-leading.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ" } ], "word": "leading" } { "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "leedynge" }, "expansion": "Middle English leedynge", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "ing", "pos1": "chemical element" }, "expansion": "lead (chemical element) + -ing", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English leedynge, equivalent to lead (chemical element) + -ing; so named because in metal typesetting (letterpress and hot metal typesetting), pieces of lead (slugs, strips, blocks, etc) were often the mechanical means of producing the gap.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "leading (uncountable)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Typography", "orig": "en:Typography", "parents": [ "Printing", "Writing", "Industries", "Human behaviour", "Language", "Business", "Human", "Communication", "Economics", "Society", "All topics", "Social sciences", "Fundamental", "Sciences" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "Vertical space added between lines; line spacing." ], "id": "en-leading-en-noun--o4GNQXT", "links": [ [ "typography", "typography" ], [ "Vertical", "vertical" ], [ "space", "space#Noun" ], [ "add", "add" ], [ "lines", "line#Noun" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(typography) Vertical space added between lines; line spacing." ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ], "topics": [ "media", "publishing", "typography" ], "translations": [ { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "hángjù", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "行距" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "proklad řádků" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "linipaŝo" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "rivivälistys" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "interligne" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Zeilenabstand" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Interlinea" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Zeilendurchschuss" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Durchschuss" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "diásticho", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "διάστιχο" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "sorköz" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "interlini" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scaradh" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "interlinea" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "interu", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "インテル" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "haenggan", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "행간" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "leading" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "entrelinha" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "espaçamento entre linhas" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "interlinʹjaž", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "интерлиньяж" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "entrelínea" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "radavstånd" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "rhynglinellu" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈlɛdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American", "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɛdɪŋ" } ], "word": "leading" }
{ "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms suffixed with -ing", "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)", "English uncomparable adjectives", "English uncountable nouns", "English verb forms", "English verbal nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Welsh translations" ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "ledinge" }, "expansion": "Middle English ledinge", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "lǣdende" }, "expansion": "Old English lǣdende", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*laidijandī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijandz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijandz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijaną", "t": "to lead" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "ing", "id2": "participial" }, "expansion": "lead + -ing", "name": "suf" }, { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "liedend" }, "expansion": "West Frisian liedend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "leidend" }, "expansion": "Dutch leidend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "leitend" }, "expansion": "German leitend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "ledande" }, "expansion": "Swedish ledande", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "leiðandi" }, "expansion": "Icelandic leiðandi", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English ledinge, ledynge, ledand, ledande, ledende, from Old English lǣdende, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī, from Proto-Germanic *laidijandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”), equivalent to lead + -ing. Compare West Frisian liedend, Dutch leidend, German leitend, Swedish ledande, Icelandic leiðandi.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "verb form" }, "expansion": "leading", "name": "head" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:", "text": "I had occasion […] to make a somewhat long business trip to Chicago, and on my return […] I found Farrar awaiting me in the railway station. He smiled his wonted fraction by way of greeting, […], and finally leading me to his buggy, turned and drove out of town.", "type": "quote" } ], "form_of": [ { "word": "lead" } ], "glosses": [ "present participle and gerund of lead" ], "links": [ [ "lead", "lead#English" ] ], "tags": [ "form-of", "gerund", "participle", "present" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈliːdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈlidɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-leading.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg/En-us-leading.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ" } ], "word": "leading" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English non-lemma forms", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms suffixed with -ing", "English terms suffixed with -ing (participial)", "English uncomparable adjectives", "English uncountable nouns", "English verb forms", "English verbal nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Plautdietsch translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Welsh translations" ], "coordinate_terms": [ { "sense": "occurring in advance", "word": "concurrent" }, { "sense": "occurring in advance", "word": "lagging" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "leading indicator" }, { "word": "leading woman" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "ledinge" }, "expansion": "Middle English ledinge", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "lǣdende" }, "expansion": "Old English lǣdende", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*laidijandī" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijandz" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijandz", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*laidijaną", "t": "to lead" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "ing", "id2": "participial" }, "expansion": "lead + -ing", "name": "suf" }, { "args": { "1": "fy", "2": "liedend" }, "expansion": "West Frisian liedend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "leidend" }, "expansion": "Dutch leidend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "leitend" }, "expansion": "German leitend", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "ledande" }, "expansion": "Swedish ledande", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "leiðandi" }, "expansion": "Icelandic leiðandi", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English ledinge, ledynge, ledand, ledande, ledende, from Old English lǣdende, from Proto-West Germanic *laidijandī, from Proto-Germanic *laidijandz, present participle of Proto-Germanic *laidijaną (“to lead”), equivalent to lead + -ing. Compare West Frisian liedend, Dutch leidend, German leitend, Swedish ledande, Icelandic leiðandi.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "leading (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "Avoid leading questions if you really want the truth.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Providing guidance or direction." ], "links": [ [ "Providing", "provide" ], [ "guidance", "guidance" ], [ "direction", "direction" ] ], "tags": [ "not-comparable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "He is a leading supplier of plumbing supplies in the county.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Ranking first." ], "links": [ [ "Ranking", "rank#Verb" ], [ "first", "first" ] ], "tags": [ "not-comparable" ] }, { "antonyms": [ { "word": "following" }, { "word": "lagging" }, { "word": "trailing" } ], "categories": [ "English terms with usage examples" ], "examples": [ { "text": "The stock market can be a leading economic indicator.", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Occurring in advance; preceding." ], "links": [ [ "Occurring", "occur" ], [ "advance", "advance" ], [ "preceding", "preceding" ] ], "tags": [ "not-comparable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈliːdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈlidɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-leading.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg/En-us-leading.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "vodešt", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "водещ" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "rǎkovoden", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "ръководен" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "johdatteleva" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "führend" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "principale" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vedúščij", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "веду́щий" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "rukovodjáščij", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "руководя́щий" }, { "code": "ru", "english": "question", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "navodjáščij", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "наводя́щий" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "principal" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "providing guidance", "word": "ledande" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "johtava" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "koryfaíos", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "κορυφαίος" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "principale" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "primo" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "maggiore" }, { "code": "pdt", "lang": "Plautdietsch", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "fierent" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "vedúščij", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "веду́щий" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "ranking first", "word": "ledande" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "preceding", "word": "edeltävä" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "preceding", "word": "vorangehend" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "preceding", "word": "vorausgehend" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "preceding", "word": "führend" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "preceding", "word": "precedente" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "preceding", "word": "precedente" } ], "word": "leading" } { "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms suffixed with -ing", "English terms suffixed with -ing (gerund noun)", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbal nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/iːdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Welsh translations" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "leding" }, "expansion": "Middle English leding", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "-ing", "id2": "gerund noun" }, "expansion": "lead + -ing", "name": "suf" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "leiding", "t": "conduit, leading, guidance, leadership" }, "expansion": "Dutch leiding (“conduit, leading, guidance, leadership”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Leitung", "t": "line, conduit, cable" }, "expansion": "German Leitung (“line, conduit, cable”)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English leding, ledyng, ledinge, ledunge, equivalent to lead + -ing. Cognate with Dutch leiding (“conduit, leading, guidance, leadership”), German Leitung (“line, conduit, cable”).", "forms": [ { "form": "leadings", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "leading (plural leadings)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1792, William Carey, An Enquiry into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the:", "text": "It has been said that we ought not to force our way, but to wait for the openings, and leadings of Providence; but it might with equal propriety be answered in this case, neither ought we to neglect embracing those openings in providence which daily present themselves to us.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1892, Walt Whitman, “A Song for Occupations”, in Leaves of Grass […], Philadelphia, Pa.: David McKay, publisher, […], →OCLC, stanza 5, page 175:", "text": "I do not affirm that what you see beyond is futile, I do not advise you to stop, / I do not say leadings you thought great are not great, / But I say that none lead to greater than these lead to.", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "1904, Edward Dowden, Robert Browning:", "text": "In his poetic method each writer followed the leadings of his own genius, without reference to common rules and standards; the individualism of the Revolutionary epoch asserted itself to the full.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "An act by which one is led or guided." ], "links": [ [ "led", "lead#Verb" ], [ "guided", "guide#Verb" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with archaic senses", "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:", "text": "Art thou but Captaine of a thouſand horſe,\nThat by Characters grauen in thy browes,\nAnd by thy martiall face and ſtout aſpect,\nDeſeru’ſt to haue the leading of an hoſte?", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Command of an army or military unit." ], "links": [ [ "Command", "command" ], [ "army", "army" ], [ "military", "military" ], [ "unit", "unit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(archaic) Command of an army or military unit." ], "tags": [ "archaic" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈliːdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈlidɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-leading.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg/En-us-leading.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/En-us-leading.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-iːdɪŋ" } ], "word": "leading" } { "categories": [ "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms suffixed with -ing", "English uncountable nouns", "English verbal nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ", "Rhymes:English/ɛdɪŋ/2 syllables", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Welsh translations" ], "etymology_number": 3, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "leedynge" }, "expansion": "Middle English leedynge", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "lead", "3": "ing", "pos1": "chemical element" }, "expansion": "lead (chemical element) + -ing", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English leedynge, equivalent to lead (chemical element) + -ing; so named because in metal typesetting (letterpress and hot metal typesetting), pieces of lead (slugs, strips, blocks, etc) were often the mechanical means of producing the gap.", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "leading (uncountable)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "hyphenation": [ "lead‧ing" ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "en:Typography" ], "glosses": [ "Vertical space added between lines; line spacing." ], "links": [ [ "typography", "typography" ], [ "Vertical", "vertical" ], [ "space", "space#Noun" ], [ "add", "add" ], [ "lines", "line#Noun" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(typography) Vertical space added between lines; line spacing." ], "tags": [ "uncountable" ], "topics": [ "media", "publishing", "typography" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈlɛdɪŋ/", "tags": [ "General-American", "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɛdɪŋ" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "hángjù", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "行距" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "proklad řádků" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "linipaŝo" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "rivivälistys" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "interligne" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Zeilenabstand" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "Interlinea" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Zeilendurchschuss" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Durchschuss" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "diásticho", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "διάστιχο" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "sorköz" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "interlini" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "scaradh" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "interlinea" }, { "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "interu", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "インテル" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "haenggan", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "행간" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "leading" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "entrelinha" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "espaçamento entre linhas" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "interlinʹjaž", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "интерлиньяж" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "entrelínea" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "radavstånd" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "Vertical space added between lines", "word": "rhynglinellu" } ], "word": "leading" }
Download raw JSONL data for leading meaning in English (21.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.