See grist in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grist mill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gristmill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "grist for the mill"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "grist to the mill"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "grist"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grist",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
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},
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{
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gredaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to crunch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰer-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rub, grind"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gristgrimmo",
"3": "",
"4": "gnashing of the teeth"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "Griesgram",
"3": "",
"4": "a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery"
},
"expansion": "German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gristel",
"3": "",
"4": "gristle"
},
"expansion": "Old English gristel (“gristle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grist, gryst, from Old English grist, gyrst (“the action of grinding, corn for grinding, gnashing”), of obscure origin: possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language, or from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”). Cognate with Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”), German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”), Old English gristel (“gristle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grists",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"args": {
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},
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gristle"
}
],
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1720, Thomas Hope [pseudonym; Jonathan Swift], “An Essay on English Bubbles”, in The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, volume 8:",
"text": "That it will, however, cause the subscribers to wish, in their minds, for many oaths to fly about, which is a heinous crime, and to lay stratagems to try the patience of men of all sorts; to put them upon the swearing strain, in order to bring grist to their own mill, which is a crime still more enormous; and that therefore, for fear of these evil consequences, the passing of such an act is not consistent with the really extraordinary and tender conscience of a true modern politician.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July–August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:",
"text": "Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Grain that is to be ground in a mill."
],
"id": "en-grist-en-noun-H3TAW1a5",
"links": [
[
"Grain",
"grain"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
],
[
"mill",
"mill"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aġun",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "աղուն"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mlivo",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мливо"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mletí"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "melivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "obilí na mletí"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "ŝroto"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "syömävilja"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Mahlgut"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "granaglia"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cereale da mola"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dlja",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зерно́ n для помола"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grano (para molino)"
},
{
"_dis1": "96 0 0 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "molienda"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 54 6 34 3 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Bees",
"orig": "en:Bees",
"parents": [
"Beekeeping",
"Hymenopterans",
"Agriculture",
"Insects",
"Applied sciences",
"Arthropods",
"Sciences",
"Animals",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 40 5 49 3 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of bees."
],
"id": "en-grist-en-noun-le8-HvoJ",
"links": [
[
"group",
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],
[
"bees",
"bee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A group of bees."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 9 41 25 2 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grains",
"orig": "en:Grains",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Grasses",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Commelinids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Plants",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Lifeforms",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1719, Jonathan Swift, “The Progress of Beauty”, in The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., volume 1:",
"text": "Matter, as wise logicians say, / Cannot without a form subsist; / And form, say I, as well as they, / Must fail if matter brings no grist.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Supply; provision."
],
"id": "en-grist-en-noun-ognzpzs9",
"links": [
[
"Supply",
"supply"
],
[
"provision",
"provision"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, obsolete) Supply; provision."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 35 15 43 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 16 12 62 2 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 16 24 45 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "5 16 17 56 3 4",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "7 14 28 43 4 4",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "9 19 15 50 2 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 17 18 53 3 4",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 11 59 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 11 59 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 11 59 2 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "2 19 12 56 4 7",
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{
"_dis": "4 40 5 49 3 0",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each of the three strands."
],
"id": "en-grist-en-noun-qbY82Q~K",
"raw_glosses": [
"(ropemaking) A given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each of the three strands."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"nautical",
"ropemaking",
"transport"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "grist for the mill"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985 August 24, Robert Butler, “Sex More Punished Than Murder”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 7, page 5:",
"text": "The judge needed a case with the potential for great emotional impact to gain media coverage for his political career. He was running for judgeship on the Nevada Supreme Court. Nicky and I were in the wrong place at the wrong time. We were available, vulnerable, and expendable for political grist.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 November 11, Danny Leigh, “Living on the edge”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 10:",
"text": "True stories are embellished, the casts of fictional dramas stuffed with unlikely non-actors. All is grist to what [Werner] Herzog calls “ecstatic truth”.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of grist for the mill."
],
"id": "en-grist-en-noun-dFTjViFX",
"links": [
[
"grist for the mill",
"grist for the mill#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Ellipsis of grist for the mill."
],
"tags": [
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"alt-of",
"countable",
"ellipsis",
"figuratively",
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}
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/ɡɹɪst/"
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{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grist.wav",
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},
{
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}
],
"word": "grist"
}
{
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"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "grist"
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"expansion": "Middle English grist",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
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{
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"4": "",
"5": "to crunch"
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gristgrimmo",
"3": "",
"4": "gnashing of the teeth"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Griesgram",
"3": "",
"4": "a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery"
},
"expansion": "German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gristel",
"3": "",
"4": "gristle"
},
"expansion": "Old English gristel (“gristle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grist, gryst, from Old English grist, gyrst (“the action of grinding, corn for grinding, gnashing”), of obscure origin: possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language, or from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”). Cognate with Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”), German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”), Old English gristel (“gristle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grists",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gristing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gristed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gristed",
"tags": [
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}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Sessional Papers of the Parliament of the Province of Canada:",
"text": "[…] and another mill is erecting on the same stream near Sparrow Lake, to which a run of stones for gristing will be added.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Annual report of the Department of Indian Affairs, page 70:",
"text": "[…] it cleaned out two hundred and ten bushels called screenings; the balance was sold, gristed and used for seed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To grind in a mill."
],
"id": "en-grist-en-verb-FW4ttxmR",
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
],
[
"mill",
"mill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To grind in a mill."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grist.wav",
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"word": "grist"
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{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪst",
"Rhymes:English/ɪst/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Bees",
"en:Collectives",
"en:Grains"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grist mill"
},
{
"word": "gristmill"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "grist for the mill"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"word": "grist to the mill"
}
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"3": "grist"
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"name": "der"
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"4": "gnashing of the teeth"
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"expansion": "Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”)",
"name": "cog"
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"expansion": "German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "gristle"
},
"expansion": "Old English gristel (“gristle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grist, gryst, from Old English grist, gyrst (“the action of grinding, corn for grinding, gnashing”), of obscure origin: possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language, or from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”). Cognate with Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”), German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”), Old English gristel (“gristle”).",
"forms": [
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{
"ref": "1720, Thomas Hope [pseudonym; Jonathan Swift], “An Essay on English Bubbles”, in The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift, volume 8:",
"text": "That it will, however, cause the subscribers to wish, in their minds, for many oaths to fly about, which is a heinous crime, and to lay stratagems to try the patience of men of all sorts; to put them upon the swearing strain, in order to bring grist to their own mill, which is a crime still more enormous; and that therefore, for fear of these evil consequences, the passing of such an act is not consistent with the really extraordinary and tender conscience of a true modern politician.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 July–August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:",
"text": "Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Grain that is to be ground in a mill."
],
"links": [
[
"Grain",
"grain"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
],
[
"mill",
"mill"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A group of bees."
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group"
],
[
"bees",
"bee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A group of bees."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1719, Jonathan Swift, “The Progress of Beauty”, in The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., volume 1:",
"text": "Matter, as wise logicians say, / Cannot without a form subsist; / And form, say I, as well as they, / Must fail if matter brings no grist.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Supply; provision."
],
"links": [
[
"Supply",
"supply"
],
[
"provision",
"provision"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, obsolete) Supply; provision."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each of the three strands."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ropemaking) A given size of rope, common grist being a rope three inches in circumference, with twenty yarns in each of the three strands."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"crafts",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"nautical",
"ropemaking",
"transport"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "grist for the mill"
}
],
"categories": [
"English ellipses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1985 August 24, Robert Butler, “Sex More Punished Than Murder”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 7, page 5:",
"text": "The judge needed a case with the potential for great emotional impact to gain media coverage for his political career. He was running for judgeship on the Nevada Supreme Court. Nicky and I were in the wrong place at the wrong time. We were available, vulnerable, and expendable for political grist.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 November 11, Danny Leigh, “Living on the edge”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 10:",
"text": "True stories are embellished, the casts of fictional dramas stuffed with unlikely non-actors. All is grist to what [Werner] Herzog calls “ecstatic truth”.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ellipsis of grist for the mill."
],
"links": [
[
"grist for the mill",
"grist for the mill#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Ellipsis of grist for the mill."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"countable",
"ellipsis",
"figuratively",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grist.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪst"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "aġun",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "աղուն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "mlivo",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мливо"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mletí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "melivo"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "obilí na mletí"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "ŝroto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"word": "syömävilja"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Mahlgut"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "granaglia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cereale da mola"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dlja",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зерно́ n для помола"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grano (para molino)"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "grain that is to be ground in a mill",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "molienda"
}
],
"word": "grist"
}
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from substrate languages",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪst",
"Rhymes:English/ɪst/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Bees",
"en:Collectives",
"en:Grains"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grist"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grist",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grist"
},
"expansion": "Old English grist",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gredaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to crunch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰer-",
"4": "",
"5": "to rub, grind"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gristgrimmo",
"3": "",
"4": "gnashing of the teeth"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Griesgram",
"3": "",
"4": "a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery"
},
"expansion": "German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gristel",
"3": "",
"4": "gristle"
},
"expansion": "Old English gristel (“gristle”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grist, gryst, from Old English grist, gyrst (“the action of grinding, corn for grinding, gnashing”), of obscure origin: possibly from a pre-Germanic substrate language, or from a derivative of Proto-Germanic *gredaną (“to crunch”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to rub, grind”). Cognate with Old Saxon gristgrimmo (“gnashing of the teeth”), German Griesgram (“a grumbler, a grouch, peevishness, misery”), Old English gristel (“gristle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grists",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gristing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gristed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gristed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grist (third-person singular simple present grists, present participle gristing, simple past and past participle gristed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1861, Sessional Papers of the Parliament of the Province of Canada:",
"text": "[…] and another mill is erecting on the same stream near Sparrow Lake, to which a run of stones for gristing will be added.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Annual report of the Department of Indian Affairs, page 70:",
"text": "[…] it cleaned out two hundred and ten bushels called screenings; the balance was sold, gristed and used for seed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To grind in a mill."
],
"links": [
[
"grind",
"grind"
],
[
"mill",
"mill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To grind in a mill."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡɹɪst/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grist.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/62/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grist.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪst"
}
],
"word": "grist"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grist meaning in English (13.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": pomola vs. zernó",
"path": [
"grist"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grist",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": zernó vs. dlja",
"path": [
"grist"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "grist",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.