See grisly in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grislily"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grisliness"
},
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"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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"2": "enm",
"3": "grisely"
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"expansion": "Middle English grisely",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grisliċ",
"4": "",
"5": "grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid"
},
"expansion": "Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
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"1": "aphetic"
},
"expansion": "aphetic",
"name": "glossary"
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"2": "ang",
"3": "ongrislic"
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"name": "inh"
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"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grusom"
},
"expansion": "Danish grusom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gräslig"
},
"expansion": "Swedish gräslig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "grezelijc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grezelijc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "griezelig"
},
"expansion": "Dutch griezelig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "grisenlich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German grisenlich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grässlich"
},
"expansion": "German grässlich",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grisely, grysly, grissliȝ, griselich, grislich, from Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”), from grīsan (“to shudder with horror; to tremble, to be terrified; to make tremble, to terrify; to agrise, grise”) (unattested but implied in āgrīsan) + -lic (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’).\nThe word may also be an aphetic form of Old English ongrislic, agrisenliċ, the past participle of agrīsan (“to agrise”).\nCompare Danish grusom, Swedish gräslig, Middle Dutch grezelijc (modern Dutch griezelig), Middle High German grisenlich (modern German grässlich, grausen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grislier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "grisliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
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"expansion": "grisly (comparative grislier, superlative grisliest)",
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"hyphenation": [
"gris‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grise"
}
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"examples": [
{
"text": "The photographs of the killings depict a grisly scene.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1588, G[abriel] H[arvey], “[Greenes Memoriall; Or Certaine Funerall Sonnets.] Sonnet XVII. His Exhortation to Atonement and Love.”, in J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Fovre Letters, and Certaine Sonnets, […] (Miscellaneous Tracts Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London: s.n., published 1870], →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "Magnes and many thinges attractive are, / But nothing ſo allective under ſkyes, / As that ſame dainty amiable ſtarre, / That none but griſly mouth of hell defyes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1610, Richard Niccols, “The Indvction”, in A Winter Nights Vision; being an Addition of such Princes Especially Famous, who were Exempted in the Former Historie, part IV, London: Felix Kyngston, →OCLC; republished as Joseph Haslewood, editor, Mirror for Magistrates, volume II, part II, London: Printed for Lackington, Allen, and Co. Finsbury Square; and Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orms, and Brown, Paternoster Row, 1815, →OCLC, page 548:",
"text": "Then clad in cloake of mistie fogges the darke night vp did come, / And with grim grislie looke did seeme to bid me get me home; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1878, John Boyle O'Reilly, “On the Trail”, in Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world, London: George Routledge and Sons, published 1879, →OCLC; republished as Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia, London: George Routledge & Sons, Limited, Broadway House, Ludgate Hill, [1880s], →OCLC, book first, pages 23–24:",
"text": "It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and grislier desolation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1941, Winston Churchill, The Unrelenting Struggle:",
"text": "We know too well the bestial assault you are making upon the Russian people, to whom our hearts go out in their valiant struggle. We will have no truce or parley with you, or the grisly gang who work your wicked will. You do your worst and we will do our best.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1968 summer, Hayden Carruth, “Making It New”, in The Hudson Review, volume XXI, number 2, New York, N.Y.: Hudson Review, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC; reprinted as “From ‘Making It New’ [Body Rags]”, in Howard Nelson, editor, On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying (Under Discussion), Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1987, →ISBN, page 75:",
"text": "In his [Galway Kinnell's] new book, Body Rags, he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, \"The Porcupine\" and \"The Bear.\" These are the grisliest poems I have ever read.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 January 19, Peter Bradshaw, “T2 Trainspotting review – choose a sequel that doesn’t disappoint”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2017-01-20:",
"text": "Perhaps you have to have seen the first film to like this one; to feel, like the young fans of Harry Potter, that without knowing or wanting it, you have grown up with its grisly protagonists.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 September 20, Rory Carroll, “‘It’s almost every day’: foreign delivery riders face gang attacks in Dublin”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
"text": "Ireland’s capital is no longer in lockdown but the grisly sport continues.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Horrifyingly repellent; gruesome, terrifying."
],
"id": "en-grisly-en-adj-Cg~ukxLR",
"links": [
[
"Horrifyingly",
"horrifyingly"
],
[
"repellent",
"repellent#Adjective"
],
[
"gruesome",
"gruesome"
],
[
"terrifying",
"terrifying"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grisy"
},
{
"word": "gristly"
},
{
"english": "misspellings",
"word": "grizzly"
},
{
"word": "frightening"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strašen",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "страшен"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "bg",
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"roman": "užasen",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "ужасен"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zlovešt",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "зловещ"
},
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"code": "da",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "grusom"
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{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "nl",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "afgrijselijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "griezelig"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "malbelega"
},
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"code": "fi",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "kammottava"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "épouvantable"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macabro"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "de",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "grässlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "el",
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"roman": "foverós",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "φοβερός"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "el",
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"roman": "frichtós",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "φριχτός"
},
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"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "hu",
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"word": "rémes"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
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"word": "szörnyű"
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"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
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"word": "scanrúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"alt": "おそろしい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osoroshī",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "恐ろしい"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
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"word": "šaušalīgs"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "wetiweti"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "whakaweriweri"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "pl",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "potworny"
},
{
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"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "zatrważający"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrepiante"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "pt",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
],
"word": "horrível"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "ru",
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"roman": "otvratítelʹnyj",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "отврати́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "macabro"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "horripilante"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "repugnante"
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{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
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"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "gräsligt"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "ohyggligt"
}
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"ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:",
"text": "old squirrels that turn grisly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1830, Josiah Conder, The Modern Traveller: Mexico (continued), Guatemala, page 84:",
"text": "The animals found in this province are, deer, elk, buffalo, cabrie, the grisly black bear, and wild horses.",
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{
"_dis": "29 25 30 16",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 24 31 16",
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"parents": [],
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"_dis": "29 25 30 16",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "31 24 29 16",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 25 30 16",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "28 26 27 18",
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{
"_dis": "31 25 27 17",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 27 17",
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"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 25 31 16",
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"parents": [],
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},
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"_dis": "32 24 29 15",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "31 24 29 16",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "29 25 31 16",
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"_dis": "31 24 30 15",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of gristly."
],
"id": "en-grisly-en-adj-qtMuAVVz",
"links": [
[
"gristly",
"gristly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪzli/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪzli"
},
{
"homophone": "grizzly"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "griesly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grislie"
}
],
"word": "grisly"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grisely"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grisely",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grisliċ",
"4": "",
"5": "grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid"
},
"expansion": "Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aphetic"
},
"expansion": "aphetic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ongrislic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ongrislic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grusom"
},
"expansion": "Danish grusom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gräslig"
},
"expansion": "Swedish gräslig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "grezelijc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grezelijc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "griezelig"
},
"expansion": "Dutch griezelig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "grisenlich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German grisenlich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grässlich"
},
"expansion": "German grässlich",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grisely, grysly, grissliȝ, griselich, grislich, from Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”), from grīsan (“to shudder with horror; to tremble, to be terrified; to make tremble, to terrify; to agrise, grise”) (unattested but implied in āgrīsan) + -lic (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’).\nThe word may also be an aphetic form of Old English ongrislic, agrisenliċ, the past participle of agrīsan (“to agrise”).\nCompare Danish grusom, Swedish gräslig, Middle Dutch grezelijc (modern Dutch griezelig), Middle High German grisenlich (modern German grässlich, grausen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grislies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grisly (plural grislies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gris‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "type of bear",
"word": "grizzly"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 15 36 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 22 26 3 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ly",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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"Entry maintenance"
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"parents": [],
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"_dis": "29 25 30 16",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "29 24 31 16",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "31 24 29 16",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 25 30 16",
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"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "31 24 29 16",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 25 30 16",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "28 26 27 18",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "31 25 27 17",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 25 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 25 31 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 24 29 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 24 29 16",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "31 26 25 18",
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"_dis": "29 25 31 16",
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"parents": [],
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"_dis": "30 23 32 15",
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{
"_dis": "31 24 30 15",
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"parents": [],
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893, Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting the Grisly and Other Sketches:",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of grizzly (“type of bear”)."
],
"id": "en-grisly-en-noun-9ht6RJMd",
"links": [
[
"grizzly",
"grizzly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪzli/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪzli"
},
{
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}
],
"word": "grisly"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grisle",
"3": "ly",
"t1": "horror, terror"
},
"expansion": "grisle (“horror, terror”) + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "griselike"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch griselike",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "grislike"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German grislike",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grisle (“horror, terror”) + -ly; compare Middle Dutch griselike, Middle Low German grislike.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grisly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grisly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grisly (comparative more grisly, superlative most grisly)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gris‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, William Tyndale, quoting Thomas More, “[The Solutions and Answers unto M. More’s First Book.] The Sixteenth Chapter”, in Henry Walter, editor, An Answer to Sir Thomas More’s Dialogue, The Supper of the Lord after the True Meaning of John VI. and 1 Cor. XI. and Wm. Tracy’s Testament Expounded. By William Tyndale, Martyr, 1536. Edited for the Parker Society, by the Rev. Henry Walter, B.D. F.R.S. [...], Cambridge: Printed at the University Press, →OCLC, page 90, footnote:",
"text": "[A] very fair young gentlewoman [Sir Roger Wentworth's daughter], of twelve years of age, in marvellous manner vexed and tormented by our ghostly enemy, the devil, her mind alienated and raving, with despising and blaspheming of God, and hatred of all hallowed things, […] finally being brought and laid before the image of our blessed lady, was there, in the sight of many worshipful people, so grievously tormented, and in face, eyes, look, and countenance, so grisly changed, with her mouth drawn aside, and her eyes laid out upon her cheeks, that it was a terrible sight to behold. And after many marvellous things, […] restored to their good state, perfectly cured and suddenly.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1870, George Adlard, “A Letter: Whearin Part of the Entertainment unto the Queen’s Majesty at Killingworth Castl in Warwiksheer in this Somers Progress—1575 is Signified: From a Freend Officer Attendant in the Court unto His Freend a Citizen and Merchaunt of London. [...] With Explanatory Notes.”, in Amye Robsart and the Earl of Leycester; a Critical Inquiry into the Authenticity of the Various Statements in Relation to the Death of Amye Robsart, and of the Libels on the Earl of Leycester, with a Vindication of the Earl by His Nephew Sir Philip Sydney. And a History of Kenilworth Castle, including an Account of the Splendid Entertainment Given to Queen Elizabeth by the Earl of Leycester, in 1575, from the Works of Robert Laneham and George Gascoigne; together with Memoirs and Correspondence of Sir Robert Dudley, Son of the Earl of Leycester, London: John Russell Smith, 36 Soho Square, →OCLC, page 142:",
"text": "A valiant Captain of great prowess, as fierce as a fox assaulting a goose, was so hardy to give the first stroke: then got they so grisly together, that great was the activity that day to be seen there on both sides: the one very eager for purchase of prey, the other utterly stout for redemption of liberty: thus, quarrel enflamed the fury on both sides: twice the Danes had the better, but at the last conflict, beaten down, overcome, and many led captive for triumph by our English women.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-grisly-en-adv-6Ak4~0qA",
"links": [
[
"horrible",
"horrible"
],
[
"terrible",
"terrible"
],
[
"terrifying",
"terrifying"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) In a horrible or terrible manner; in a terrifying way."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grimly"
},
{
"word": "horribly"
},
{
"word": "terribly"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪzli/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪzli"
},
{
"homophone": "grizzly"
}
],
"word": "grisly"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
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"Middle English lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪzli",
"Rhymes:English/ɪzli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grislily"
},
{
"word": "grisliness"
},
{
"word": "ungrisly"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grisely"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grisely",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grisliċ",
"4": "",
"5": "grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid"
},
"expansion": "Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aphetic"
},
"expansion": "aphetic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ongrislic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ongrislic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grusom"
},
"expansion": "Danish grusom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gräslig"
},
"expansion": "Swedish gräslig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "grezelijc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grezelijc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "griezelig"
},
"expansion": "Dutch griezelig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "grisenlich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German grisenlich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grässlich"
},
"expansion": "German grässlich",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grisely, grysly, grissliȝ, griselich, grislich, from Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”), from grīsan (“to shudder with horror; to tremble, to be terrified; to make tremble, to terrify; to agrise, grise”) (unattested but implied in āgrīsan) + -lic (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’).\nThe word may also be an aphetic form of Old English ongrislic, agrisenliċ, the past participle of agrīsan (“to agrise”).\nCompare Danish grusom, Swedish gräslig, Middle Dutch grezelijc (modern Dutch griezelig), Middle High German grisenlich (modern German grässlich, grausen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grislier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "grisliest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "grisly (comparative grislier, superlative grisliest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gris‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "grise"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The photographs of the killings depict a grisly scene.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1588, G[abriel] H[arvey], “[Greenes Memoriall; Or Certaine Funerall Sonnets.] Sonnet XVII. His Exhortation to Atonement and Love.”, in J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Fovre Letters, and Certaine Sonnets, […] (Miscellaneous Tracts Temp. Eliz. & Jac. I), [London: s.n., published 1870], →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "Magnes and many thinges attractive are, / But nothing ſo allective under ſkyes, / As that ſame dainty amiable ſtarre, / That none but griſly mouth of hell defyes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1610, Richard Niccols, “The Indvction”, in A Winter Nights Vision; being an Addition of such Princes Especially Famous, who were Exempted in the Former Historie, part IV, London: Felix Kyngston, →OCLC; republished as Joseph Haslewood, editor, Mirror for Magistrates, volume II, part II, London: Printed for Lackington, Allen, and Co. Finsbury Square; and Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orms, and Brown, Paternoster Row, 1815, →OCLC, page 548:",
"text": "Then clad in cloake of mistie fogges the darke night vp did come, / And with grim grislie looke did seeme to bid me get me home; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1878, John Boyle O'Reilly, “On the Trail”, in Moondyne: A Story from the Under-world, London: George Routledge and Sons, published 1879, →OCLC; republished as Moondyne: A Story of Convict Life in Australia, London: George Routledge & Sons, Limited, Broadway House, Ludgate Hill, [1880s], →OCLC, book first, pages 23–24:",
"text": "It was sore travelling for horse and man under the blazing sun, with no food nor water save what he pressed from the pith of the palms, and even these were growing scarce. The only life on the plains was the hard and dusty scrub. Every hour brought a more hopeless and grislier desolation.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1941, Winston Churchill, The Unrelenting Struggle:",
"text": "We know too well the bestial assault you are making upon the Russian people, to whom our hearts go out in their valiant struggle. We will have no truce or parley with you, or the grisly gang who work your wicked will. You do your worst and we will do our best.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1968 summer, Hayden Carruth, “Making It New”, in The Hudson Review, volume XXI, number 2, New York, N.Y.: Hudson Review, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC; reprinted as “From ‘Making It New’ [Body Rags]”, in Howard Nelson, editor, On the Poetry of Galway Kinnell: The Wages of Dying (Under Discussion), Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, 1987, →ISBN, page 75:",
"text": "In his [Galway Kinnell's] new book, Body Rags, he has brought this style to a kind of perfection, especially in two poems about the killing of animals, \"The Porcupine\" and \"The Bear.\" These are the grisliest poems I have ever read.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017 January 19, Peter Bradshaw, “T2 Trainspotting review – choose a sequel that doesn’t disappoint”, in The Guardian, London, archived from the original on 2017-01-20:",
"text": "Perhaps you have to have seen the first film to like this one; to feel, like the young fans of Harry Potter, that without knowing or wanting it, you have grown up with its grisly protagonists.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 September 20, Rory Carroll, “‘It’s almost every day’: foreign delivery riders face gang attacks in Dublin”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
"text": "Ireland’s capital is no longer in lockdown but the grisly sport continues.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Horrifyingly repellent; gruesome, terrifying."
],
"links": [
[
"Horrifyingly",
"horrifyingly"
],
[
"repellent",
"repellent#Adjective"
],
[
"gruesome",
"gruesome"
],
[
"terrifying",
"terrifying"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grisy"
},
{
"word": "gristly"
},
{
"english": "misspellings",
"word": "grizzly"
},
{
"word": "frightening"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "grizzly"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:",
"text": "old squirrels that turn grisly",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1830, Josiah Conder, The Modern Traveller: Mexico (continued), Guatemala, page 84:",
"text": "The animals found in this province are, deer, elk, buffalo, cabrie, the grisly black bear, and wild horses.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of grizzly."
],
"links": [
[
"grizzly",
"grizzly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gristly"
}
],
"categories": [
"English misspellings"
],
"glosses": [
"Misspelling of gristly."
],
"links": [
[
"gristly",
"gristly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"misspelling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪzli/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪzli"
},
{
"homophone": "grizzly"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "griesly"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "grislie"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "strašen",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "страшен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "užasen",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "ужасен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zlovešt",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "зловещ"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "grusom"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "afgrijselijk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "griezelig"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "malbelega"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "kammottava"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "épouvantable"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "macabro"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "grässlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "foverós",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "φοβερός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "frichtós",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "φριχτός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "rémes"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "szörnyű"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "scanrúil"
},
{
"alt": "おそろしい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "osoroshī",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "恐ろしい"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "šaušalīgs"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "wetiweti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "whakaweriweri"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "potworny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "zatrważający"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrepiante"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "horrível"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otvratítelʹnyj",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "отврати́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "macabro"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "horripilante"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "repugnante"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "gräsligt"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "horrifyingly repellent; terrifying, gruesome",
"word": "ohyggligt"
}
],
"word": "grisly"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ly",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪzli",
"Rhymes:English/ɪzli/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "grisely"
},
"expansion": "Middle English grisely",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grisliċ",
"4": "",
"5": "grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid"
},
"expansion": "Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aphetic"
},
"expansion": "aphetic",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ongrislic"
},
"expansion": "Old English ongrislic",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grusom"
},
"expansion": "Danish grusom",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gräslig"
},
"expansion": "Swedish gräslig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "grezelijc"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grezelijc",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "griezelig"
},
"expansion": "Dutch griezelig",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "grisenlich"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German grisenlich",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "grässlich"
},
"expansion": "German grässlich",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English grisely, grysly, grissliȝ, griselich, grislich, from Old English grisliċ (“grisly, horrible; dreadful, horrid”), from grīsan (“to shudder with horror; to tremble, to be terrified; to make tremble, to terrify; to agrise, grise”) (unattested but implied in āgrīsan) + -lic (suffix forming adjectives meaning ‘characteristic of, pertaining to’).\nThe word may also be an aphetic form of Old English ongrislic, agrisenliċ, the past participle of agrīsan (“to agrise”).\nCompare Danish grusom, Swedish gräslig, Middle Dutch grezelijc (modern Dutch griezelig), Middle High German grisenlich (modern German grässlich, grausen).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grislies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grisly (plural grislies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gris‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "type of bear",
"word": "grizzly"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1893, Theodore Roosevelt, Hunting the Grisly and Other Sketches:",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete form of grizzly (“type of bear”)."
],
"links": [
[
"grizzly",
"grizzly#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪzli/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪzli"
},
{
"homophone": "grizzly"
}
],
"word": "grisly"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -ly",
"English terms with homophones",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɪzli",
"Rhymes:English/ɪzli/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grisle",
"3": "ly",
"t1": "horror, terror"
},
"expansion": "grisle (“horror, terror”) + -ly",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "griselike"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch griselike",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "grislike"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German grislike",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grisle (“horror, terror”) + -ly; compare Middle Dutch griselike, Middle Low German grislike.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more grisly",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most grisly",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "grisly (comparative more grisly, superlative most grisly)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gris‧ly"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, William Tyndale, quoting Thomas More, “[The Solutions and Answers unto M. More’s First Book.] The Sixteenth Chapter”, in Henry Walter, editor, An Answer to Sir Thomas More’s Dialogue, The Supper of the Lord after the True Meaning of John VI. and 1 Cor. XI. and Wm. Tracy’s Testament Expounded. By William Tyndale, Martyr, 1536. Edited for the Parker Society, by the Rev. Henry Walter, B.D. F.R.S. [...], Cambridge: Printed at the University Press, →OCLC, page 90, footnote:",
"text": "[A] very fair young gentlewoman [Sir Roger Wentworth's daughter], of twelve years of age, in marvellous manner vexed and tormented by our ghostly enemy, the devil, her mind alienated and raving, with despising and blaspheming of God, and hatred of all hallowed things, […] finally being brought and laid before the image of our blessed lady, was there, in the sight of many worshipful people, so grievously tormented, and in face, eyes, look, and countenance, so grisly changed, with her mouth drawn aside, and her eyes laid out upon her cheeks, that it was a terrible sight to behold. And after many marvellous things, […] restored to their good state, perfectly cured and suddenly.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1870, George Adlard, “A Letter: Whearin Part of the Entertainment unto the Queen’s Majesty at Killingworth Castl in Warwiksheer in this Somers Progress—1575 is Signified: From a Freend Officer Attendant in the Court unto His Freend a Citizen and Merchaunt of London. [...] With Explanatory Notes.”, in Amye Robsart and the Earl of Leycester; a Critical Inquiry into the Authenticity of the Various Statements in Relation to the Death of Amye Robsart, and of the Libels on the Earl of Leycester, with a Vindication of the Earl by His Nephew Sir Philip Sydney. And a History of Kenilworth Castle, including an Account of the Splendid Entertainment Given to Queen Elizabeth by the Earl of Leycester, in 1575, from the Works of Robert Laneham and George Gascoigne; together with Memoirs and Correspondence of Sir Robert Dudley, Son of the Earl of Leycester, London: John Russell Smith, 36 Soho Square, →OCLC, page 142:",
"text": "A valiant Captain of great prowess, as fierce as a fox assaulting a goose, was so hardy to give the first stroke: then got they so grisly together, that great was the activity that day to be seen there on both sides: the one very eager for purchase of prey, the other utterly stout for redemption of liberty: thus, quarrel enflamed the fury on both sides: twice the Danes had the better, but at the last conflict, beaten down, overcome, and many led captive for triumph by our English women.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a horrible or terrible manner; in a terrifying way."
],
"links": [
[
"horrible",
"horrible"
],
[
"terrible",
"terrible"
],
[
"terrifying",
"terrifying"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) In a horrible or terrible manner; in a terrifying way."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɹɪzli/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-grisly.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-grisly.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪzli"
},
{
"homophone": "grizzly"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grimly"
},
{
"word": "horribly"
},
{
"word": "terribly"
}
],
"word": "grisly"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grisly meaning in English (21.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.