See fraternal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for fraternal meaning in English (18.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternal birth order effect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternal birth-order effect"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternally"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternal nephew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternal niece"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternal twin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "unfraternal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "*bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fraternel"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fraternel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "frāternālis",
"t": "fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "frāternus",
"t": "of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāter",
"t": "brother"
},
"expansion": "frāter (“brother”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr\nBorrowed from Middle French fraternel, from Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”), from Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”), from frāter (“brother”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more fraternal",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most fraternal",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fraternal (comparative more fraternal, superlative most fraternal)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "frater"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "frater house"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternalisation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternalise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternalism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternality"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternisation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fraternity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fratery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fratricidal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fratricide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fratry"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "61 8 1 30",
"sense": "relating to a brother, with regard to gender",
"word": "sororal"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 8 1 30",
"sense": "relating to a brother, with regard to heredity",
"word": "paternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "61 8 1 30",
"sense": "relating to a brother, with regard to heredity",
"word": "maternal"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, Roswell Park, Pantology; or a systematic survey of human knowledge, page 89",
"text": "By Cognate or Domestic duties, we mean those which grow out of the different family relations; and which may be classed as conjugal, parental, filial, and fraternal.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1881, Shib Chunder Bose, The Hindoos as They Are: A Description of the Manners, Customs and the Inner Life of Hindoo Society in Bengal",
"text": "The Bhratridvitiya, or fraternal rite of the Hindoos, is an institution of this nature, being admirably calculated to cement the natural bond of union between brothers and sisters of the same family.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1991, From Father to Son: Kinship, Conflict, and Continuity in Genesis",
"text": "Yet, in leaving, Judah removes himself not only from fraternal violence but from familial destiny as well.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a brother or brothers."
],
"id": "en-fraternal-en-adj-PMcvKjcf",
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother#English"
],
[
"brothers",
"brothers#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḵawiyy",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "أَخَوِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "eġbayrakan",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "եղբայրական"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bratérski",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "братэ́рскі"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brácki",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́цкі"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "brátski",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́тски"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratern"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bratrský"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broderlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broederlijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "veljellinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "veljes-"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternel"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "brüderlich"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "adelfikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "αδελφικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratala"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratatra"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bráthartha"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bráithriúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "deartháiriúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "fraternale"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bratski",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "братски"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "braaroil"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broderlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "braterski"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "de frate"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratern"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "frățesc"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brátskij",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́тский"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "comh-bhràthaireil"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bràithreil"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бра̀тскӣ"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "bràtskī"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bratský"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bratski"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternal"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broderlig"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bratérsʹkyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "брате́рський"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 12 3 9",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brátsʹkyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́тський"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Joe William Trotter, Coal, Class, and Color: Blacks in Southern West Virginia, 1915-32",
"text": "The changing Afro-American class structure shaped the war and postwar growth of black religious and fraternal organizations in southern West Virginia.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Donna Harsch, German Social Democracy and the Rise of Nazism",
"text": "Ambivalence toward the larger society even permeated the Reichsbanner. the only SPD fraternal organization that, on paper at least, embraced bourgeois republican groups.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Robin D. G. Kelley, To Make Our World Anew: A History of African Americans",
"text": "North and South, fraternal and sororital organizations were an integral aspect of urban culture among the mass of working-class black men and women.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Jane Ward, Not Gay, New York University Press, page 139",
"text": "Surfer dudes and frat dudes are simply buddies; their interaction is facilitated by the homosocial context of shared sport or fraternal membership, not the willful pursuit of gay sex.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a fraternity."
],
"id": "en-fraternal-en-adj-WxZlnHZD",
"links": [
[
"fraternity",
"fraternity#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 98 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a fraternity",
"word": "veljeskunta-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986, Henri de Lubac, The Christian Faith: An Essay on the Structure of the Apostles' Creed",
"text": "He took advantage of this opportunity to consider Christian liberty in its relation to the demands of fraternal charity.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Maija Jansson, England and the North: The Russian Embassy of 1613-1614",
"text": "And when he arrives he, our Sovereign, will receive you honorably because of his Tsar's Majesty's fraternal love and friendship to him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Platonic or friendly."
],
"id": "en-fraternal-en-adj-pSEFb-KA",
"links": [
[
"friendly",
"friendly#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "platonic or friendly",
"word": "toverillinen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Genetics",
"orig": "en:Genetics",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 2 48 41 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 25 58 17 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "en:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Leonard Crowley, An Introduction to Human Disease: Pathology and Pathophysiology Correlations, page 471",
"text": "Seventy percent of twins are fraternal and result from fertilization of two separate ova by two different sperm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, James Luce, Chasing Davis: An Atheist's Guide to Morality Using Logic and Science",
"text": "Because each egg and each sperm of a fraternal zygote contain slightly different genetic material, these two embryos do not have identical genetic makeups.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Sheldon Krimsky, Stem Cell Dialogues: A Philosophical and Scientific Inquiry Into Medical Frontiers, page 120",
"text": "The rate of natural fraternal embryo fusion is not well documented.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct."
],
"id": "en-fraternal-en-adj-zAlH7GX4",
"links": [
[
"genetics",
"genetics"
],
[
"eggs",
"egg#English"
],
[
"sperm",
"sperm#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(genetics) Of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"genetics",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 1 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "genetics: of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct",
"word": "erimunainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 1 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "genetics: of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct",
"word": "epäidenttinen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹəˈtɝnəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brotherly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "fraternall"
}
],
"word": "fraternal"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "*bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fraternel"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fraternel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "frāternālis",
"t": "fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "frāternus",
"t": "of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāter",
"t": "brother"
},
"expansion": "frāter (“brother”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr\nBorrowed from Middle French fraternel, from Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”), from Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”), from frāter (“brother”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fraternals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fraternal (plural fraternals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 5 2 48 41 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, “Insurance and the Fraternals”, in The Underwriters Review, volumes 11-12, page 66",
"text": "Here comes in the importance of the proposed bill for the uniform regulation of fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Wisconsin Legislature Legislative Council, General Report of the Legislative Council to the Legislature",
"text": "Accident and health insurance written by fraternals are discussed under the section on fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Ivar Berg, Sourcebook of Labor Markets: Evolving Structures and Processes",
"text": "The ethnic fraternals benefitted from the favorable climate for fraternalism and voluntarism that existed in the United States, and borrowed ideas and practices from native organizations such as the AOUW, and from fraternals started earlier in the century by immigrants who by now were solid members of the middle class.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A society formed to provide mutual aid, such as insurance."
],
"id": "en-fraternal-en-noun-Ab6LHrJK",
"links": [
[
"society",
"society"
],
[
"insurance",
"insurance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Susan Kohl, Twin Stories: Their Mysterious and Unique Bond, page 14",
"text": "Her twins were adorable boy-girl fraternals who wore boy-girl clothes in the same fabric.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Kevin J. Sharpe, Has Science Displaced the Soul?: Debating Love and Happiness, page 34",
"text": "The bulk of the confusion concerns identicals who are really fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Ian Osborn, Tormenting Thoughts and Secret Rituals: The Hidden Epidemic of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, page 189",
"text": "Tests show that even in the first year of life, the fear of strangers develops more similarly along identical twins than fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fraternal twin."
],
"id": "en-fraternal-en-noun-cilzSVdX"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹəˈtɝnəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "fraternall"
}
],
"word": "fraternal"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰréh₂tēr",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl/3 syllables",
"en:Family"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"sense": "relating to a brother, with regard to gender",
"word": "sororal"
},
{
"sense": "relating to a brother, with regard to heredity",
"word": "paternal"
},
{
"sense": "relating to a brother, with regard to heredity",
"word": "maternal"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fraternal birth order effect"
},
{
"word": "fraternal birth-order effect"
},
{
"word": "fraternally"
},
{
"word": "fraternal nephew"
},
{
"word": "fraternal niece"
},
{
"word": "fraternal twin"
},
{
"word": "unfraternal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "*bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fraternel"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fraternel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "frāternālis",
"t": "fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "frāternus",
"t": "of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāter",
"t": "brother"
},
"expansion": "frāter (“brother”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr\nBorrowed from Middle French fraternel, from Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”), from Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”), from frāter (“brother”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more fraternal",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most fraternal",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fraternal (comparative more fraternal, superlative most fraternal)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "frater"
},
{
"word": "frater house"
},
{
"word": "fraternalisation"
},
{
"word": "fraternalise"
},
{
"word": "fraternalism"
},
{
"word": "fraternality"
},
{
"word": "fraternisation"
},
{
"word": "fraternise"
},
{
"word": "fraternity"
},
{
"word": "fratery"
},
{
"word": "fratricidal"
},
{
"word": "fratricide"
},
{
"word": "fratry"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1844, Roswell Park, Pantology; or a systematic survey of human knowledge, page 89",
"text": "By Cognate or Domestic duties, we mean those which grow out of the different family relations; and which may be classed as conjugal, parental, filial, and fraternal.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1881, Shib Chunder Bose, The Hindoos as They Are: A Description of the Manners, Customs and the Inner Life of Hindoo Society in Bengal",
"text": "The Bhratridvitiya, or fraternal rite of the Hindoos, is an institution of this nature, being admirably calculated to cement the natural bond of union between brothers and sisters of the same family.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1991, From Father to Son: Kinship, Conflict, and Continuity in Genesis",
"text": "Yet, in leaving, Judah removes himself not only from fraternal violence but from familial destiny as well.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a brother or brothers."
],
"links": [
[
"brother",
"brother#English"
],
[
"brothers",
"brothers#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1990, Joe William Trotter, Coal, Class, and Color: Blacks in Southern West Virginia, 1915-32",
"text": "The changing Afro-American class structure shaped the war and postwar growth of black religious and fraternal organizations in southern West Virginia.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Donna Harsch, German Social Democracy and the Rise of Nazism",
"text": "Ambivalence toward the larger society even permeated the Reichsbanner. the only SPD fraternal organization that, on paper at least, embraced bourgeois republican groups.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Robin D. G. Kelley, To Make Our World Anew: A History of African Americans",
"text": "North and South, fraternal and sororital organizations were an integral aspect of urban culture among the mass of working-class black men and women.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Jane Ward, Not Gay, New York University Press, page 139",
"text": "Surfer dudes and frat dudes are simply buddies; their interaction is facilitated by the homosocial context of shared sport or fraternal membership, not the willful pursuit of gay sex.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to a fraternity."
],
"links": [
[
"fraternity",
"fraternity#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1986, Henri de Lubac, The Christian Faith: An Essay on the Structure of the Apostles' Creed",
"text": "He took advantage of this opportunity to consider Christian liberty in its relation to the demands of fraternal charity.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1994, Maija Jansson, England and the North: The Russian Embassy of 1613-1614",
"text": "And when he arrives he, our Sovereign, will receive you honorably because of his Tsar's Majesty's fraternal love and friendship to him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Platonic or friendly."
],
"links": [
[
"friendly",
"friendly#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Genetics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Leonard Crowley, An Introduction to Human Disease: Pathology and Pathophysiology Correlations, page 471",
"text": "Seventy percent of twins are fraternal and result from fertilization of two separate ova by two different sperm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, James Luce, Chasing Davis: An Atheist's Guide to Morality Using Logic and Science",
"text": "Because each egg and each sperm of a fraternal zygote contain slightly different genetic material, these two embryos do not have identical genetic makeups.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Sheldon Krimsky, Stem Cell Dialogues: A Philosophical and Scientific Inquiry Into Medical Frontiers, page 120",
"text": "The rate of natural fraternal embryo fusion is not well documented.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct."
],
"links": [
[
"genetics",
"genetics"
],
[
"eggs",
"egg#English"
],
[
"sperm",
"sperm#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(genetics) Of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"genetics",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹəˈtɝnəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brotherly"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "fraternall"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔaḵawiyy",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "أَخَوِيّ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "eġbayrakan",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "եղբայրական"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "bratérski",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "братэ́рскі"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "brácki",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́цкі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "brátski",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́тски"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratern"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bratrský"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broderlig"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broederlijk"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "veljellinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "veljes-"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternel"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternal"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "brüderlich"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "adelfikós",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "αδελφικός"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratala"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratatra"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bráthartha"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bráithriúil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "deartháiriúil"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "fraternale"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "bratski",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "братски"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "braaroil"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broderlig"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "braterski"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternal"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "de frate"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fratern"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "frățesc"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brátskij",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́тский"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "comh-bhràthaireil"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bràithreil"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бра̀тскӣ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "bràtskī"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bratský"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "bratski"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraternal"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "fraterno"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "broderlig"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bratérsʹkyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "брате́рський"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "brátsʹkyj",
"sense": "of or pertaining brothers",
"word": "бра́тський"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of or pertaining to a fraternity",
"word": "veljeskunta-"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "platonic or friendly",
"word": "toverillinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "genetics: of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct",
"word": "erimunainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "genetics: of twins or embryos, produced from two different eggs and sperm, and genetically distinct",
"word": "epäidenttinen"
}
],
"word": "fraternal"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *bʰréh₂tēr",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl/3 syllables",
"en:Family"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "*bʰréh₂tēr"
},
"expansion": "*bʰréh₂tēr",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bʰréh₂tēr"
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"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "fraternel"
},
"expansion": "Middle French fraternel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "frāternālis",
"t": "fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "frāternus",
"t": "of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal"
},
"expansion": "Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frāter",
"t": "brother"
},
"expansion": "frāter (“brother”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *bʰréh₂tēr\nBorrowed from Middle French fraternel, from Medieval Latin frāternālis (“fraternal”), from Latin frāternus (“of or pertaining to a brother, fraternal”), from frāter (“brother”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fraternals",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fraternal (plural fraternals)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902, “Insurance and the Fraternals”, in The Underwriters Review, volumes 11-12, page 66",
"text": "Here comes in the importance of the proposed bill for the uniform regulation of fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Wisconsin Legislature Legislative Council, General Report of the Legislative Council to the Legislature",
"text": "Accident and health insurance written by fraternals are discussed under the section on fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Ivar Berg, Sourcebook of Labor Markets: Evolving Structures and Processes",
"text": "The ethnic fraternals benefitted from the favorable climate for fraternalism and voluntarism that existed in the United States, and borrowed ideas and practices from native organizations such as the AOUW, and from fraternals started earlier in the century by immigrants who by now were solid members of the middle class.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A society formed to provide mutual aid, such as insurance."
],
"links": [
[
"society",
"society"
],
[
"insurance",
"insurance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001, Susan Kohl, Twin Stories: Their Mysterious and Unique Bond, page 14",
"text": "Her twins were adorable boy-girl fraternals who wore boy-girl clothes in the same fabric.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Kevin J. Sharpe, Has Science Displaced the Soul?: Debating Love and Happiness, page 34",
"text": "The bulk of the confusion concerns identicals who are really fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Ian Osborn, Tormenting Thoughts and Secret Rituals: The Hidden Epidemic of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, page 189",
"text": "Tests show that even in the first year of life, the fear of strangers develops more similarly along identical twins than fraternals.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fraternal twin."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɹəˈtɝnəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fraternal.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fraternal.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fraternal.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "fraternall"
}
],
"word": "fraternal"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.