"paternal" meaning in English

See paternal in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /pəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəl/ Audio: En-us-paternal.ogg Forms: more paternal [comparative], most paternal [superlative]
enPR: pə-tû(r)'nəl Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)nəl Etymology: From Old French paternal (“of a father”) (12c.), a learned borrowing from Vulgar Latin paternālis (“paternal”), from Classical Latin paternus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”), from pater (“father”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*peh₂-}}, {{der|en|fro|paternal||of a father}} Old French paternal (“of a father”), {{der|en|VL.|paternālis||paternal}} Vulgar Latin paternālis (“paternal”), {{der|en|la|paternus||of or pertaining to a father, paternal}} Latin paternus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”) Head templates: {{en-adj}} paternal (comparative more paternal, superlative most paternal)
  1. Of or pertaining to one's father, his genes, his relatives, or his side of a family. Categories (topical): Family Translations (of or pertaining to one's father): πατρικός (patrikós) (Ancient Greek), أَبَوِيّ (ʔabawiyy) (Arabic), հայրական (hayrakan) (Armenian), հայրենի (hayreni) (Armenian), ба́цькаўскі (bácʹkaŭski) (Belarusian), бацько́ўскі (bacʹkóŭski) (Belarusian), ба́цькаў (bácʹkaŭ) (Belarusian), айцо́ўскі (ajcóŭski) (Belarusian), ба́щин (báštin) (Bulgarian), ба́щински (báštinski) (Bulgarian), patern [masculine] (Catalan), 父親的 (Chinese Mandarin), 父亲的 (fùqin de) (Chinese Mandarin), 父系 (fùxì) (Chinese Mandarin), 母系 (mǔxì) (Chinese Mandarin), otcovský [masculine] (Czech), faderlig (Danish), vaderlijk (Dutch), isänpuoleinen (Finnish), paternel (French), väterlich (German), πατρικός (patrikós) (Greek), पैतृक (paitŕk) (Hindi), apai (Hungarian), atyai (Hungarian), paterno (Italian), 父性 (fusei) (alt: ふせい) (Japanese), 父方の (chichikata no) (alt: ちちかたの) (Japanese), paternālis (Latin), paternus (Latin), tėvinis (Lithuanian), татковски (tatkovski) (Macedonian), faderlig (Norwegian Bokmål), fæderen (Old English), پدری (pederî) (Ottoman Turkish), پدری (pedari) (Persian), ojcowski (Polish), paterno (Portuguese), patern (Romanian), отцо́вский (otcóvskij) (Russian), оте́ческий (otéčeskij) (Russian), taobh athar (Scottish Gaelic), о̏чӣнскӣ [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), о̀чев [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), ȍčīnskī [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), òčev [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), otcovský (Slovak), očetovski (Slovene), paterno (Spanish), faderlig (Swedish), падарӣ (padari) (Tajik), ба́тьківський (bátʹkivsʹkyj) (Ukrainian), оте́цький (otécʹkyj) (Ukrainian), ба́тьків (bátʹkiv) (Ukrainian), отце́вий (otcévyj) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-paternal-en-adj-9Nbuczqi Disambiguation of Family: 99 0 1 0 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tajik translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 70 8 12 10 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 58 13 12 17 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 79 7 6 9 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 80 6 6 8 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 42 21 17 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 59 14 12 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 56 14 12 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 55 16 14 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 70 10 9 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 59 13 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 57 12 12 19 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 53 16 16 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Hindi translations: 56 15 15 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 53 17 16 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Icelandic translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 71 9 8 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 71 9 8 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 71 9 8 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 52 14 20 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 54 15 13 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 58 11 16 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations: 45 18 17 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 58 14 13 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 51 16 15 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 59 14 12 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 71 9 8 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations: 57 15 13 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 65 10 10 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 59 14 13 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Tajik translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 59 14 13 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 58 14 12 16 Disambiguation of "of or pertaining to one's father": 53 5 33 8
  2. Fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father. Translations (fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father): أَبَوِيّ (ʔabawiyy) (Arabic), հայրական (hayrakan) (Armenian), ба́цькаўскі (bácʹkaŭski) (Belarusian), бацько́ўскі (bacʹkóŭski) (Belarusian), айцо́ўскі (ajcóŭski) (Belarusian), ба́щински (báštinski) (Bulgarian), otcovský (Czech), vaderlijk (Dutch), isällinen (Finnish), paternel (French), πατρικός (patrikós) (Greek), atyai (Hungarian), paternus (Latin), tėviškas (Lithuanian), татковски (tatkovski) (Macedonian), پدری (pederî) (Ottoman Turkish), پدرانه (pedarâne) (Persian), ojcowski (Polish), paterno (Portuguese), отцо́вский (otcóvskij) (Russian), оте́ческий (otéčeskij) (Russian), о̏чӣнскӣ [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), ȍčīnskī [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), otcovský (Slovak), očetovski (Slovene), paternal (Spanish), падарона (padarona) (Tajik), babacan (Turkish), pederane (Turkish), ба́тьківський (bátʹkivsʹkyj) (Ukrainian), оте́цький (otécʹkyj) (Ukrainian), отце́вий (otcévyj) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-paternal-en-adj-KKYDl2JX Disambiguation of 'fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father': 2 91 2 5
  3. Received or inherited from one's father. Translations (received or inherited from one's father): հայրական (hayrakan) (Armenian), հայրենի (hayreni) (Armenian), ба́щин (báštin) (Bulgarian), otcovský (Czech), van vaderskant (Dutch), paternaal (Dutch), isänpuoleinen (Finnish), paternel (French), πατρικός (patrikós) (Greek), apai (Hungarian), atyai (Hungarian), paternus (Latin), po mieczu (Polish), paterno (Portuguese), отцо́вский (otcóvskij) (Russian), о̏чӣнскӣ [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), ȍčīnskī [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), otcovský (Slovak), babacan (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-paternal-en-adj-QJhPyTmi Disambiguation of "received or inherited from one's father": 11 3 82 4
  4. Acting as a father. Translations (acting as a father): vaderlijk (Dutch), isän tekemä (Finnish), πατρικός (patrikós) (Greek), apai (Hungarian), atyai (Hungarian), отцо́вский (otcóvskij) (Russian), ȍčīnskī [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian)
    Sense id: en-paternal-en-adj-7LckPvBl Disambiguation of 'acting as a father': 4 7 5 85
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: paternall [obsolete] Coordinate_terms: avuncular (english: uncle), maternal (english: mother), materteral (english: aunt)
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "mother",
      "word": "maternal"
    }
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "uncle",
      "word": "avuncular"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "mother",
      "word": "maternal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "english": "aunt",
      "word": "materteral"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "homopaternal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal aunt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal cousin"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal custody"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal grandchild"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal grandfather"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal grandmother"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal half aunt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal half-uncle"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternalistic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternally"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal orphan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "paternal uncle"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "paternal",
        "4": "",
        "5": "of a father"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French paternal (“of a father”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "paternālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "paternal"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin paternālis (“paternal”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "paternus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "of or pertaining to a father, paternal"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin paternus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French paternal (“of a father”) (12c.), a learned borrowing from Vulgar Latin paternālis (“paternal”), from Classical Latin paternus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”), from pater (“father”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more paternal",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most paternal",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "paternal (comparative more paternal, superlative most paternal)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "70 8 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 13 12 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "79 7 6 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 6 6 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 21 17 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 14 12 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 14 12 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "55 16 14 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "70 10 9 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Danish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 13 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 12 12 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 16 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 15 15 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 17 16 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 9 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 9 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 9 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "52 14 20 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "54 15 13 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 11 16 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Old English translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 18 17 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 13 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Persian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "51 16 15 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 14 12 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 9 8 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "57 15 13 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 10 10 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 14 13 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 14 13 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "58 14 12 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "99 0 1 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Family",
          "orig": "en:Family",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "paternal grandfather",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Different Views of Youth and Age”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 93:",
          "text": "It was with a natural touch of pride that Norbourne Courtenaye paced his paternal hall, while waiting for his uncle, with whom he was going to ride.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to one's father, his genes, his relatives, or his side of a family."
      ],
      "id": "en-paternal-en-adj-9Nbuczqi",
      "links": [
        [
          "father",
          "father"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔabawiyy",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "أَبَوِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hayrakan",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "հայրական"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hayreni",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "հայրենի"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "bácʹkaŭski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ба́цькаўскі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "bacʹkóŭski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "бацько́ўскі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "bácʹkaŭ",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ба́цькаў"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "ajcóŭski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "айцо́ўскі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "báštin",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ба́щин"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "báštinski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ба́щински"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "patern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "父親的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "fùqin de",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "父亲的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "fùxì",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "父系"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mǔxì",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "母系"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "otcovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "faderlig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "vaderlijk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "isänpuoleinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "paternel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "väterlich"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "patrikós",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "πατρικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "patrikós",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "πατρικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "paitŕk",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "पैतृक"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "apai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "atyai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "paterno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "alt": "ふせい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "fusei",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "父性"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "alt": "ちちかたの",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "chichikata no",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "父方の"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "paternālis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "paternus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "tėvinis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "tatkovski",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "татковски"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "faderlig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "fæderen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "pederî",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "پدری"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "pedari",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "پدری"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ojcowski"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "paterno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "patern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otcóvskij",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "отцо́вский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otéčeskij",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "оте́ческий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "gd",
          "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "taobh athar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "о̏чӣнскӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "о̀чев"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "ȍčīnskī"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "òčev"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "otcovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "očetovski"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "paterno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "faderlig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "padari",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "падарӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "bátʹkivsʹkyj",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ба́тьківський"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "otécʹkyj",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "оте́цький"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "bátʹkiv",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "ба́тьків"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "53 5 33 8",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "otcévyj",
          "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
          "word": "отце́вий"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father."
      ],
      "id": "en-paternal-en-adj-KKYDl2JX",
      "links": [
        [
          "Fatherly",
          "fatherly"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔabawiyy",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "أَبَوِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hayrakan",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "հայրական"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "bácʹkaŭski",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "ба́цькаўскі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "bacʹkóŭski",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "бацько́ўскі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "ajcóŭski",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "айцо́ўскі"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "báštinski",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "ба́щински"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "otcovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "vaderlijk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "isällinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "paternel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "patrikós",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "πατρικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "atyai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "paternus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "tėviškas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "tatkovski",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "татковски"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "pederî",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "پدری"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "pedarâne",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "پدرانه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "ojcowski"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "paterno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otcóvskij",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "отцо́вский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otéčeskij",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "оте́ческий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "о̏чӣнскӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "ȍčīnskī"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "otcovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "očetovski"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "paternal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "padarona",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "падарона"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "babacan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "pederane"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "bátʹkivsʹkyj",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "ба́тьківський"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "otécʹkyj",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "оте́цький"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 91 2 5",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "otcévyj",
          "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
          "word": "отце́вий"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The Second Epode of Horace”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume II, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 477:",
          "text": "Thus, ere the ſeeds of vice were ſown, / Liv'd men in better ages born, / Who plow'd with oxen of their own / Their ſmall paternal field of corn.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Received or inherited from one's father."
      ],
      "id": "en-paternal-en-adj-QJhPyTmi",
      "links": [
        [
          "Received",
          "receive"
        ],
        [
          "inherit",
          "inherit"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hayrakan",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "հայրական"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "hayreni",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "հայրենի"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "báštin",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "ба́щин"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "otcovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "van vaderskant"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "paternaal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "isänpuoleinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "paternel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "patrikós",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "πατρικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "apai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "atyai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "paternus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "po mieczu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "paterno"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otcóvskij",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "отцо́вский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "о̏чӣнскӣ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "ȍčīnskī"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "otcovský"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "11 3 82 4",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
          "word": "babacan"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Acting as a father."
      ],
      "id": "en-paternal-en-adj-7LckPvBl",
      "links": [
        [
          "Acting",
          "acting"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "word": "vaderlijk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "word": "isän tekemä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "patrikós",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "word": "πατρικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "word": "apai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "word": "atyai"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otcóvskij",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "word": "отцо́вский"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 7 5 85",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "acting as a father",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "ȍčīnskī"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "pə-tû(r)'nəl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-paternal.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-us-paternal.ogg/En-us-paternal.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-us-paternal.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "paternall"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paternal"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "english": "mother",
      "word": "maternal"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂-",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
    "Requests for review of Italian translations",
    "Requests for review of Korean translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)nəl/3 syllables",
    "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Armenian translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hindi translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Icelandic translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Persian translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Tajik translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "en:Family"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "english": "uncle",
      "word": "avuncular"
    },
    {
      "english": "mother",
      "word": "maternal"
    },
    {
      "english": "aunt",
      "word": "materteral"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "homopaternal"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal aunt"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal cousin"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal custody"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal grandchild"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal grandfather"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal grandmother"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal half aunt"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal half-uncle"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternalistic"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternally"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal orphan"
    },
    {
      "word": "paternal uncle"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*peh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "paternal",
        "4": "",
        "5": "of a father"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French paternal (“of a father”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "paternālis",
        "4": "",
        "5": "paternal"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin paternālis (“paternal”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "paternus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "of or pertaining to a father, paternal"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin paternus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old French paternal (“of a father”) (12c.), a learned borrowing from Vulgar Latin paternālis (“paternal”), from Classical Latin paternus (“of or pertaining to a father, paternal”), from pater (“father”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more paternal",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most paternal",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "paternal (comparative more paternal, superlative most paternal)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "paternal grandfather",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Different Views of Youth and Age”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 93:",
          "text": "It was with a natural touch of pride that Norbourne Courtenaye paced his paternal hall, while waiting for his uncle, with whom he was going to ride.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or pertaining to one's father, his genes, his relatives, or his side of a family."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "father",
          "father"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Fatherly",
          "fatherly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "a. 1701 (date written), John Dryden, “The Second Epode of Horace”, in The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, […], volume II, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1760, →OCLC, page 477:",
          "text": "Thus, ere the ſeeds of vice were ſown, / Liv'd men in better ages born, / Who plow'd with oxen of their own / Their ſmall paternal field of corn.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Received or inherited from one's father."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Received",
          "receive"
        ],
        [
          "inherit",
          "inherit"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Acting as a father."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Acting",
          "acting"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "enpr": "pə-tû(r)'nəl"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pəˈtɜː(ɹ)nəl/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-paternal.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3c/En-us-paternal.ogg/En-us-paternal.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/En-us-paternal.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)nəl"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "paternall"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔabawiyy",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "أَبَوِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hayrakan",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "հայրական"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hayreni",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "հայրենի"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "bácʹkaŭski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ба́цькаўскі"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "bacʹkóŭski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "бацько́ўскі"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "bácʹkaŭ",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ба́цькаў"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "ajcóŭski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "айцо́ўскі"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "báštin",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ба́щин"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "báštinski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ба́щински"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "patern"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "父親的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "fùqin de",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "父亲的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "fùxì",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "父系"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mǔxì",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "母系"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "otcovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "faderlig"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "vaderlijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "isänpuoleinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "paternel"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "väterlich"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "patrikós",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "πατρικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "patrikós",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "πατρικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "paitŕk",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "पैतृक"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "apai"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "atyai"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "paterno"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ふせい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "fusei",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "父性"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ちちかたの",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "chichikata no",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "父方の"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "paternālis"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "paternus"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "tėvinis"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "tatkovski",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "татковски"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "faderlig"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "fæderen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "pederî",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "پدری"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "pedari",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "پدری"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ojcowski"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "paterno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "patern"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otcóvskij",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "отцо́вский"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otéčeskij",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "оте́ческий"
    },
    {
      "code": "gd",
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "taobh athar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "о̏чӣнскӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "о̀чев"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "ȍčīnskī"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "òčev"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "otcovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "očetovski"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "paterno"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "faderlig"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "padari",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "падарӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "bátʹkivsʹkyj",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ба́тьківський"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "otécʹkyj",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "оте́цький"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "bátʹkiv",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "ба́тьків"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "otcévyj",
      "sense": "of or pertaining to one's father",
      "word": "отце́вий"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔabawiyy",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "أَبَوِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hayrakan",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "հայրական"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "bácʹkaŭski",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "ба́цькаўскі"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "bacʹkóŭski",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "бацько́ўскі"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "ajcóŭski",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "айцо́ўскі"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "báštinski",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "ба́щински"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "otcovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "vaderlijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "isällinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "paternel"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "patrikós",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "πατρικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "atyai"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "paternus"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "tėviškas"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "tatkovski",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "татковски"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "pederî",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "پدری"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "pedarâne",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "پدرانه"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "ojcowski"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "paterno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otcóvskij",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "отцо́вский"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otéčeskij",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "оте́ческий"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "о̏чӣнскӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "ȍčīnskī"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "otcovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "očetovski"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "paternal"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "padarona",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "падарона"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "babacan"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "pederane"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "bátʹkivsʹkyj",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "ба́тьківський"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "otécʹkyj",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "оте́цький"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "otcévyj",
      "sense": "fatherly; behaving as or characteristic of a father",
      "word": "отце́вий"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hayrakan",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "հայրական"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "hayreni",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "հայրենի"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "báštin",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "ба́щин"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "otcovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "van vaderskant"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "paternaal"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "isänpuoleinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "paternel"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "patrikós",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "πατρικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "apai"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "atyai"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "paternus"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "po mieczu"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "paterno"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otcóvskij",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "отцо́вский"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "о̏чӣнскӣ"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "ȍčīnskī"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "otcovský"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "received or inherited from one's father",
      "word": "babacan"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "word": "vaderlijk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "word": "isän tekemä"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "patrikós",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "word": "πατρικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "word": "apai"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "word": "atyai"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otcóvskij",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "word": "отцо́вский"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "acting as a father",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "ȍčīnskī"
    }
  ],
  "word": "paternal"
}

Download raw JSONL data for paternal meaning in English (19.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.