See espouse in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for espouse meaning in English (10.1kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "espousen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English espousen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espouser"
},
"expansion": "Old French espouser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spōnsāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin spōnsāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spōnsō"
},
"expansion": "spōnsō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spondeō"
},
"expansion": "spondeō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spend-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spend-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English espousen, borrowed from Old French espouser, from Latin spōnsāre, present active infinitive of spōnsō (frequentative of spondeō), from Proto-Indo-European *spend-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espouses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "espousing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "espoused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "espoused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "espouse (third-person singular simple present espouses, present participle espousing, simple past and past participle espoused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "espousal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sponsor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spouse"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Maneckji Nusserwanji Dhalla, Zoroastrian Civilization, page 232",
"text": "He espoused several wives, and besides kept a considerable number of concubines in his harem.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To marry."
],
"id": "en-espouse-en-verb-~y3VMygu",
"links": [
[
"marry",
"marry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To marry."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ženja se",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "женя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vdát se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oženit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vdávat se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ženit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "trouwen met"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "in het huwelijk treden met"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot man nemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot vrouw nemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "geedziĝi je"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "heiraten"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ehelichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "sich vermählen mit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zur Frau nehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zum Mann nehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "die Ehe eingehen mit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "poślubić"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ożenić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "wyjść za mąż"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "desposar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vstupátʹ v brák",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "вступа́ть в бра́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ženítʹsja",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жени́ться"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, William Croft, “The Projection of Arguments”, in Miriam Butt, Wilhelm Geuder, editors, Event Structure in Argument Linking, page 37",
"text": "Although Dowty’s proposal is attractive from the point of view of the alternative argument linking theory that I am espousing, since it eschews the use of thematic roles and thematic role hierarchies, […], but it still has some drawbacks.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Donald J. van Vliet, “Letter: Republicans espouse ideology over national welfare”, in The Eagle-Tribune, retrieved 2013-12-18",
"text": "Those that espoused this ideology […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 June 22, Heather Stewart, “Only 18% of leave voters think Brexit has been a success, poll finds”, in The Guardian, →ISSN",
"text": "Among those leavers who believe Brexit has not gone well, many blame politicians for handling it badly – a narrative espoused by the former Ukip leader Nigel Farage, who recently claimed that “Brexit has failed”.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"id": "en-espouse-en-verb-ii0PwW8D",
"links": [
[
"accept",
"accept"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern usage",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative, modern usage) To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poddǎržam",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "поддържам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzít za své"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přijmout"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brát za své"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přijímat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "verdedigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "aannemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ondersteunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "subteni"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "omaksua"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "kannattaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopter"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "eintreten für"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "Partei ergreifen für"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ensternízomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ενστερνίζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aspázomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ασπάζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apoiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"alt": "иде́ю",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "подде́рживать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"alt": "де́лу",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "отдава́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "anamma"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊs"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-espouse.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-espouse.oga/En-us-espouse.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-espouse.oga",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "espouse"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊs",
"Rhymes:English/aʊs/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/aʊz",
"Rhymes:English/aʊz/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "espousen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English espousen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espouser"
},
"expansion": "Old French espouser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spōnsāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin spōnsāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spōnsō"
},
"expansion": "spōnsō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "spondeō"
},
"expansion": "spondeō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spend-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spend-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English espousen, borrowed from Old French espouser, from Latin spōnsāre, present active infinitive of spōnsō (frequentative of spondeō), from Proto-Indo-European *spend-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espouses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "espousing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "espoused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "espoused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "espouse (third-person singular simple present espouses, present participle espousing, simple past and past participle espoused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "espousal"
},
{
"word": "sponsor"
},
{
"word": "spouse"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1922, Maneckji Nusserwanji Dhalla, Zoroastrian Civilization, page 232",
"text": "He espoused several wives, and besides kept a considerable number of concubines in his harem.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To marry."
],
"links": [
[
"marry",
"marry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To marry."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1998, William Croft, “The Projection of Arguments”, in Miriam Butt, Wilhelm Geuder, editors, Event Structure in Argument Linking, page 37",
"text": "Although Dowty’s proposal is attractive from the point of view of the alternative argument linking theory that I am espousing, since it eschews the use of thematic roles and thematic role hierarchies, […], but it still has some drawbacks.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Donald J. van Vliet, “Letter: Republicans espouse ideology over national welfare”, in The Eagle-Tribune, retrieved 2013-12-18",
"text": "Those that espoused this ideology […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 June 22, Heather Stewart, “Only 18% of leave voters think Brexit has been a success, poll finds”, in The Guardian, →ISSN",
"text": "Among those leavers who believe Brexit has not gone well, many blame politicians for handling it badly – a narrative espoused by the former Ukip leader Nigel Farage, who recently claimed that “Brexit has failed”.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"links": [
[
"accept",
"accept"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern usage",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative, modern usage) To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊs"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-espouse.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-espouse.oga/En-us-espouse.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-espouse.oga",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ženja se",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "женя се"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vdát se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oženit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vdávat se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ženit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "trouwen met"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "in het huwelijk treden met"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot man nemen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot vrouw nemen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "geedziĝi je"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "heiraten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ehelichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "sich vermählen mit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zur Frau nehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zum Mann nehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "die Ehe eingehen mit"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "poślubić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ożenić się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "wyjść za mąż"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "desposar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vstupátʹ v brák",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "вступа́ть в бра́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ženítʹsja",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жени́ться"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poddǎržam",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "поддържам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzít za své"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přijmout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brát za své"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přijímat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "verdedigen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "aannemen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ondersteunen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "subteni"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apogi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "omaksua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "kannattaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "eintreten für"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "Partei ergreifen für"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ensternízomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ενστερνίζομαι"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aspázomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ασπάζομαι"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apoiar"
},
{
"alt": "иде́ю",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "подде́рживать"
},
{
"alt": "де́лу",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "отдава́ться"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "anamma"
}
],
"word": "espouse"
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2028",
"msg": "more than one value in \"alt\": poddérživatʹ (idéju) vs. иде́ю",
"path": [
"espouse"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "espouse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2028",
"msg": "more than one value in \"alt\": otdavátʹsja (délu) vs. де́лу",
"path": [
"espouse"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "espouse",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.