See espouse on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "espousen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English espousen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "espouser"
},
"expansion": "Old French espouser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "spōnsāre"
},
"expansion": "Latin spōnsāre",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spend-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spend-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English espousen, borrowed from Old French espouser, from Latin spōnsāre, present active infinitive of spōnsō (frequentative of spondeō), from Proto-Indo-European *spend-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espouses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
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"present"
]
},
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"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "espousal"
},
{
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"word": "sponsor"
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"word": "spouse"
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{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Corinthians 11:2:",
"text": "For I am iealous ouer you with godly iealousie, for I haue espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 1:18:",
"text": "Now the birth of Iesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Ioseph (before they came together) shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1759, David Hume, “[Elizabeth I.]”, in The History of England, under the House of Tudor. […], volume II, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 414:",
"text": "Philip and Henry terminated hostilities by a mutual restitution of all places taken during the course of the war; and Philip espoused the princess Elizabeth, eldest daughter of France, formerly betrothed to his son Don Carlos.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922, Maneckji Nusserwanji Dhalla, Zoroastrian Civilization, page 232:",
"text": "He espoused several wives, and besides kept a considerable number of concubines in his harem.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To marry."
],
"id": "en-espouse-en-verb-~y3VMygu",
"links": [
[
"marry",
"marry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To marry."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ženja se",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "женя се"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vdát se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oženit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vdávat se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ženit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "trouwen met"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "in het huwelijk treden met"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot man nemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot vrouw nemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "geedziĝi je"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "heiraten"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ehelichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "sich vermählen mit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zur Frau nehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zum Mann nehmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "die Ehe eingehen mit"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "poślubić"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ożenić się"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "wyjść za mąż"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "desposar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vstupátʹ v brák",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "вступа́ть в бра́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ženítʹsja",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жени́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "desposar"
}
]
},
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{
"ref": "1998, William Croft, “The Projection of Arguments”, in Miriam Butt, Wilhelm Geuder, editors, Event Structure in Argument Linking, page 37:",
"text": "Although Dowty’s proposal is attractive from the point of view of the alternative argument linking theory that I am espousing, since it eschews the use of thematic roles and thematic role hierarchies, […], but it still has some drawbacks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Donald J. van Vliet, “Letter: Republicans espouse ideology over national welfare”, in The Eagle-Tribune, retrieved 2013-12-18:",
"text": "Those that espoused this ideology […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 June 22, Heather Stewart, “Only 18% of leave voters think Brexit has been a success, poll finds”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
"text": "Among those leavers who believe Brexit has not gone well, many blame politicians for handling it badly – a narrative espoused by the former Ukip leader Nigel Farage, who recently claimed that “Brexit has failed”.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"id": "en-espouse-en-verb-ii0PwW8D",
"links": [
[
"accept",
"accept"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
"qualifier": "modern usage",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative, modern usage) To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poddǎržam",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "поддържам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzít za své"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přijmout"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brát za své"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přijímat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "verdedigen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "aannemen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ondersteunen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "subteni"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apogi"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopti"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "omaksua"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "kannattaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopter"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "eintreten für"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "Partei ergreifen für"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ensternízomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ενστερνίζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aspázomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ασπάζομαι"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apoiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"alt": "иде́ю",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "подде́рживать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"alt": "де́лу",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "отдава́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "propugnar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 98",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "anamma"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
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{
"rhymes": "-aʊz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊs"
}
],
"word": "espouse"
}
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"categories": [
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"expansion": "Old French espouser",
"name": "der"
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{
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"3": "spōnsāre"
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English espousen, borrowed from Old French espouser, from Latin spōnsāre, present active infinitive of spōnsō (frequentative of spondeō), from Proto-Indo-European *spend-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "espouses",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "espousing",
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{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Corinthians 11:2:",
"text": "For I am iealous ouer you with godly iealousie, for I haue espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 1:18:",
"text": "Now the birth of Iesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Ioseph (before they came together) shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1759, David Hume, “[Elizabeth I.]”, in The History of England, under the House of Tudor. […], volume II, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, page 414:",
"text": "Philip and Henry terminated hostilities by a mutual restitution of all places taken during the course of the war; and Philip espoused the princess Elizabeth, eldest daughter of France, formerly betrothed to his son Don Carlos.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922, Maneckji Nusserwanji Dhalla, Zoroastrian Civilization, page 232:",
"text": "He espoused several wives, and besides kept a considerable number of concubines in his harem.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To marry."
],
"links": [
[
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"marry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To marry."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
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"ref": "1998, William Croft, “The Projection of Arguments”, in Miriam Butt, Wilhelm Geuder, editors, Event Structure in Argument Linking, page 37:",
"text": "Although Dowty’s proposal is attractive from the point of view of the alternative argument linking theory that I am espousing, since it eschews the use of thematic roles and thematic role hierarchies, […], but it still has some drawbacks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Donald J. van Vliet, “Letter: Republicans espouse ideology over national welfare”, in The Eagle-Tribune, retrieved 2013-12-18:",
"text": "Those that espoused this ideology […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 June 22, Heather Stewart, “Only 18% of leave voters think Brexit has been a success, poll finds”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:",
"text": "Among those leavers who believe Brexit has not gone well, many blame politicians for handling it badly – a narrative espoused by the former Ukip leader Nigel Farage, who recently claimed that “Brexit has failed”.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"links": [
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"accept"
],
[
"support",
"support"
]
],
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"(transitive, figurative, modern usage) To accept, support, or take on as one’s own (an idea or a cause)."
],
"tags": [
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"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɪˈspaʊs/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-espouse.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-espouse2.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-espouse.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2d/En-us-espouse.oga/En-us-espouse.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/En-us-espouse.oga"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊz"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊs"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ženja se",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "женя се"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vdát se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oženit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vdávat se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ženit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "trouwen met"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "in het huwelijk treden met"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot man nemen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "tot vrouw nemen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "geedziĝi je"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "heiraten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ehelichen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "sich vermählen mit"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zur Frau nehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "zum Mann nehmen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "die Ehe eingehen mit"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "poślubić"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "ożenić się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "wyjść za mąż"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "desposar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vstupátʹ v brák",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "вступа́ть в бра́к"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ženítʹsja",
"sense": "to marry",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "жени́ться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to marry",
"word": "desposar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "poddǎržam",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "поддържам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzít za své"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "přijmout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "brát za své"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "přijímat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "verdedigen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "aannemen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ondersteunen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "subteni"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apogi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "omaksua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "kannattaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "épouser"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "adopter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "eintreten für"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "Partei ergreifen für"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ensternízomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ενστερνίζομαι"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "aspázomai",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "ασπάζομαι"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "apoiar"
},
{
"alt": "иде́ю",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "подде́рживать"
},
{
"alt": "де́лу",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "отдава́ться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "propugnar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "accept, support, take as one’s own",
"word": "anamma"
}
],
"word": "espouse"
}
Download raw JSONL data for espouse meaning in All languages combined (11.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2028",
"msg": "more than one value in \"alt\": poddérživatʹ (idéju) vs. иде́ю",
"path": [
"espouse"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "espouse",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2028",
"msg": "more than one value in \"alt\": otdavátʹsja (délu) vs. де́лу",
"path": [
"espouse"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "espouse",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.