See defy in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "death-defying"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "desfier"
},
"expansion": "Old French desfier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*disfidare",
"4": "",
"5": "renounce one's faith"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dis-",
"4": "",
"5": "away"
},
"expansion": "Latin dis- (“away”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French desfier, from Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”), from Latin dis- (“away”) + fidus (“faithful”). Meaning shifted in the 14th century from \"be disloyal\" to \"challenge\". Contrast confide, fidelity, faith.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "defies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "defying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "defied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "defied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "defy (third-person singular simple present defies, present participle defying, simple past and past participle defied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "defiance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "defiant"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to defy an enemy; to defy the power of a magistrate; to defy the arguments of an opponent; to defy public opinion",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes:",
"text": "I once again / Defie thee to the trial of mortal fight.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900, Edith King Hall, Adventures in Toyland Chapter 6:",
"text": "\"So you actually think yours is good-looking?\" sneered the Baker. \"Why, I could make a better-looking one out of a piece of dough.\"\n\"I defy you to,\" the Hansom-driver replied. \"A face like mine is not easily copied. Nor am I the only person of that opinion. All the ladies think that I am beautiful. And of course I go by what they think.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To challenge (someone) or brave (a hazard or opposition)."
],
"id": "en-defy-en-verb-iQ5xk-5f",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To challenge (someone) or brave (a hazard or opposition)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikvam",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "предизвиквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vyzývat"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyzvat"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "trodse"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "herausfordern"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"english": "fig.",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "die Stirn bieten"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "entgegentreten"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "tabhair dúshlán"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "sfidare"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "whakatōrea"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "wananga"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "trosse"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "utfordre"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "meydan okumak"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikvam",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "предизвиквам"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyzvat"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "uitdagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "het hoofd bieden"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "haastaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "uhmata"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "défier"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "herausfordern"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "sfidare"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "berbekanî kirdin",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "بەربەکانی کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "berberekanê kirdin",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "بەربەرەکانێ کردن"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "mandrangitra"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "whakatumatuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "sfida"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brosátʹ výzov",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "броса́ть вы́зов"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 27 17 22",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "desafiar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "If you defy your teacher you may end up in detention.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2005, George W. Bush, Presidential Radio Address - 19 March 2005:",
"text": "Before coalition forces arrived, Iraq was ruled by a dictatorship that murdered its own citizens, threatened its neighbors, and defied the world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:",
"text": "British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To refuse to obey."
],
"id": "en-defy-en-verb-ZXHaib5o",
"links": [
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
],
[
"obey",
"obey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To refuse to obey."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vzdorovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzepřít se"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "trodse"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "désobéir à"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "trotzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "widersetzen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "de",
"english": "reflexive / coll.",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "querstellen"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "mandà"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "takahi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "motsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "desobedecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "desobedecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 84 5 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "trotsa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 17 8 51 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "3 3 5 84 5",
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"_dis": "13 15 16 45 11",
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"_dis": "9 12 15 49 16",
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"_dis": "9 12 15 49 16",
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"_dis": "9 12 15 49 16",
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"_dis": "10 12 13 55 10",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1955, anonymous author, The Urantia Book, Paper 41:",
"text": "By tossing this nineteenth electron back and forth between its own orbit and that of its lost companion more than twenty-five thousand times a second, a mutilated stone atom is able partially to defy gravity and thus successfully to ride the emerging streams of light and energy, the sunbeams, to liberty and adventure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Jeré Longman, “W.N.B.A. Hopes Griner Can Change Perceptions, as Well as Game Itself”, in New York Times:",
"text": "“To be determined,” Kane said, “is whether Griner and her towering skill and engaging personality will defy the odds and attract corporate sponsors as part of widespread public acceptance four decades after passage of the gender-equity legislation known as Title IX.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To not conform to or follow a pattern, set of rules or expectations."
],
"id": "en-defy-en-verb-au9NhU-7",
"links": [
[
"conform",
"conform"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 5 94 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to not conform to or follow a pattern, set of rules or expectations",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "widersetzen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1603-1625, Beaumont and Fletcher\nFor thee I have defied my constant mistress."
},
{
"ref": "c. 1605 (first performance; published 1608), Thomas Middleton, “A Trick to Catch the Old One”, in A[rthur] H[enry] Bullen, editor, The Works of Thomas Middleton […] (The English Dramatists), volume II, London: John C. Nimmo […], published 1885, →OCLC, Act V, scene ii, page 352:",
"text": "Dear perfum'd jackets, pennyless breeches; / Dutch flapdragons, healths in urine; / Drabs that keep a man too sure in: / I do defy you all. / Lend me each honest hand, for here I rise / A reclaim'd man, loathing the general vice.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce."
],
"id": "en-defy-en-verb-2-mPATPT",
"links": [
[
"affiance",
"affiance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ignoriram",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "игнорирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prenebregvam",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "пренебрегвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kàngjù",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "抗拒"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzdát se"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zřeknout se"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "trodse"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "lade hånt om"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "afzweren"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "lossagen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "abschwören"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "abiurare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "'asî bûn",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "عاسی بوون"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "le qsederçûn",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "لە قسەدەرچوون"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "avsverge"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "avvise"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "سرپیچی"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "نافرمانی"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "سر باز زدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "renunciar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prenebregátʹ",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "пренебрега́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "popirátʹ",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "попира́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "renunciar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 5 1 91",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtɔ̀ɔ-dtâan",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "ต่อต้าน"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪˈfaɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-defy.ogg",
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}
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"expansion": "",
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{
"args": {
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*disfidare",
"4": "",
"5": "renounce one's faith"
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"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "dis-",
"4": "",
"5": "away"
},
"expansion": "Latin dis- (“away”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French desfier, from Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”), from Latin dis- (“away”) + fidus (“faithful”). Meaning shifted in the 14th century from \"be disloyal\" to \"challenge\". Contrast confide, fidelity, faith.",
"forms": [
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"form": "defies",
"tags": [
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}
],
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"args": {},
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1687, [John Dryden], “(please specify the page number)”, in The Hind and the Panther. A Poem, in Three Parts, 2nd edition, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:",
"text": "And, safe intrench'd within, her foes without defies",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A challenge."
],
"id": "en-defy-en-noun-HyYq0qa0",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A challenge."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/dɪˈfaɪ/"
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{
"categories": [
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"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪ",
"Rhymes:English/aɪ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Malagasy translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "death-defying"
}
],
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"3": "desfier"
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*disfidare",
"4": "",
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"name": "der"
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"args": {
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"3": "dis-",
"4": "",
"5": "away"
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"expansion": "Latin dis- (“away”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French desfier, from Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”), from Latin dis- (“away”) + fidus (“faithful”). Meaning shifted in the 14th century from \"be disloyal\" to \"challenge\". Contrast confide, fidelity, faith.",
"forms": [
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"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "defying",
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
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"word": "defiance"
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{
"word": "defiant"
}
],
"senses": [
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"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to defy an enemy; to defy the power of a magistrate; to defy the arguments of an opponent; to defy public opinion",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1671, John Milton, Samson Agonistes:",
"text": "I once again / Defie thee to the trial of mortal fight.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1900, Edith King Hall, Adventures in Toyland Chapter 6:",
"text": "\"So you actually think yours is good-looking?\" sneered the Baker. \"Why, I could make a better-looking one out of a piece of dough.\"\n\"I defy you to,\" the Hansom-driver replied. \"A face like mine is not easily copied. Nor am I the only person of that opinion. All the ladies think that I am beautiful. And of course I go by what they think.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To challenge (someone) or brave (a hazard or opposition)."
],
"links": [
[
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"challenge"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To challenge (someone) or brave (a hazard or opposition)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "If you defy your teacher you may end up in detention.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2005, George W. Bush, Presidential Radio Address - 19 March 2005:",
"text": "Before coalition forces arrived, Iraq was ruled by a dictatorship that murdered its own citizens, threatened its neighbors, and defied the world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:",
"text": "British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To refuse to obey."
],
"links": [
[
"refuse",
"refuse"
],
[
"obey",
"obey"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To refuse to obey."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1955, anonymous author, The Urantia Book, Paper 41:",
"text": "By tossing this nineteenth electron back and forth between its own orbit and that of its lost companion more than twenty-five thousand times a second, a mutilated stone atom is able partially to defy gravity and thus successfully to ride the emerging streams of light and energy, the sunbeams, to liberty and adventure.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Jeré Longman, “W.N.B.A. Hopes Griner Can Change Perceptions, as Well as Game Itself”, in New York Times:",
"text": "“To be determined,” Kane said, “is whether Griner and her towering skill and engaging personality will defy the odds and attract corporate sponsors as part of widespread public acceptance four decades after passage of the gender-equity legislation known as Title IX.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To not conform to or follow a pattern, set of rules or expectations."
],
"links": [
[
"conform",
"conform"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1603-1625, Beaumont and Fletcher\nFor thee I have defied my constant mistress."
},
{
"ref": "c. 1605 (first performance; published 1608), Thomas Middleton, “A Trick to Catch the Old One”, in A[rthur] H[enry] Bullen, editor, The Works of Thomas Middleton […] (The English Dramatists), volume II, London: John C. Nimmo […], published 1885, →OCLC, Act V, scene ii, page 352:",
"text": "Dear perfum'd jackets, pennyless breeches; / Dutch flapdragons, healths in urine; / Drabs that keep a man too sure in: / I do defy you all. / Lend me each honest hand, for here I rise / A reclaim'd man, loathing the general vice.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce."
],
"links": [
[
"affiance",
"affiance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce."
],
"tags": [
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"transitive"
]
}
],
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"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikvam",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "предизвиквам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vyzývat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyzvat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "trodse"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "herausfordern"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "fig.",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "die Stirn bieten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "entgegentreten"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "tabhair dúshlán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "sfidare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "whakatōrea"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "wananga"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "trosse"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "utfordre"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to challenge (someone)",
"word": "meydan okumak"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "predizvikvam",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "предизвиквам"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vyzvat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "uitdagen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "het hoofd bieden"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "haastaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "uhmata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "défier"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "herausfordern"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "sfidare"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "berbekanî kirdin",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "بەربەکانی کردن"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "berberekanê kirdin",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "بەربەرەکانێ کردن"
},
{
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "mandrangitra"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "whakatumatuma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "sfida"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brosátʹ výzov",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "броса́ть вы́зов"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to provoke to combat or strife",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "vzdorovat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzepřít se"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "trodse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "désobéir à"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "trotzen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "widersetzen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "reflexive / coll.",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "querstellen"
},
{
"code": "mg",
"lang": "Malagasy",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "mandà"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "takahi"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "motsi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "desobedecer"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "desobedecer"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to refuse to obey",
"word": "trotsa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to not conform to or follow a pattern, set of rules or expectations",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "widersetzen"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "ignoriram",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "игнорирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prenebregvam",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "пренебрегвам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kàngjù",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "抗拒"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "vzdát se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zřeknout se"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "trodse"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "lade hånt om"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "afzweren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
],
"word": "lossagen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "abschwören"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "abiurare"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "'asî bûn",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "عاسی بوون"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "le qsederçûn",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "لە قسەدەرچوون"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "avsverge"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "avvise"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "سرپیچی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "نافرمانی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "سر باز زدن"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "renunciar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prenebregátʹ",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "пренебрега́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "popirátʹ",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "попира́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "renunciar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "desafiar"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtɔ̀ɔ-dtâan",
"sense": "to renounce or dissolve all bonds",
"word": "ต่อต้าน"
}
],
"word": "defy"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeydʰ-",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪ",
"Rhymes:English/aɪ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Malagasy translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeydʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "desfier"
},
"expansion": "Old French desfier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*disfidare",
"4": "",
"5": "renounce one's faith"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dis-",
"4": "",
"5": "away"
},
"expansion": "Latin dis- (“away”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French desfier, from Vulgar Latin *disfidare (“renounce one's faith”), from Latin dis- (“away”) + fidus (“faithful”). Meaning shifted in the 14th century from \"be disloyal\" to \"challenge\". Contrast confide, fidelity, faith.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "defies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "defy (plural defies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1687, [John Dryden], “(please specify the page number)”, in The Hind and the Panther. A Poem, in Three Parts, 2nd edition, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:",
"text": "And, safe intrench'd within, her foes without defies",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A challenge."
],
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A challenge."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɪˈfaɪ/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-defy.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/85/En-us-defy.ogg/En-us-defy.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/En-us-defy.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪ"
}
],
"word": "defy"
}
Download raw JSONL data for defy meaning in English (17.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.