See cyclops in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"sense": "giant of mythology",
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"ref": "2026 February 23, Carl Zimmer, “The Rise of Eyes Began With Just One. Even Charles Darwin was puzzled by the evolution of the vertebrate eye. New research suggests that it traces back to a cyclopean invertebrate with a single eye atop the head”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 24 Feb 2026:",
"text": "Look at just about any vertebrate and you’ll see two eyes looking back at you. Falcons circling overhead have two eyes, just like hammerhead sharks roving through the ocean. Scientists have long puzzled over how the vertebrate eye first evolved. A pair of new studies suggest a strange beginning: Our invertebrate ancestors 560 million years ago were cyclopes, with a single eye at the top of their head, scientists now propose, that only later split in two. Charles Darwin fretted a lot about the exquisite complexity and sophistication of the vertebrate eye as he developed his theory of evolution. “The eye to this day gives me a cold shudder,” he confided to his friend, the American botanist Asa Gray, in 1860. Somehow evolution had produced the eye from many parts, such as the lens and retina, through tiny changes through the generations. Darwin couldn’t say for sure what that sequence of changes was. But he was encouraged by the diversity of simpler eyes among invertebrates. Some are mere lumps of pigment that detect light; others are simple cups lacking lenses. “When I think of the fine known gradations,” Darwin wrote to Gray, “my reason tells me I ought to conquer the cold shudder.” Yet opponents of evolution continued to cast doubt on the idea that eyes could evolve. Even in the 1990s, creationists claimed that natural selection would need many billions of years to produce an eye — far more time than life has existed on Earth. Dan-E. Nilsson, a neurobiologist at Lund University in Sweden, grew so annoyed by these claims that he estimated how long it would actually take for a patch of light-sensitive cells to evolve into an image-forming eye. […] In 1994 he and Susanne Pelger, a colleague at Lund, concluded that an image-forming eye could evolve in just a few hundred thousand years. […] The model only addressed how the shape of eyes evolved. In actuality, many other changes occurred along the way. New proteins had to emerge that could bend light in the lens, for example, while others absorbed light in the retina. In 1994, scientists didn’t know enough about those microscopic details to develop a hypothesis for how they evolved as well. Three decades later, that’s no longer the case. “There’s lots of molecular data now that we can use that is extremely powerful,” Dr. Nilsson said. He and other vision experts have now joined forces to develop a hypothesis for how vertebrate eyes evolved. […] They and their colleagues unveiled their detailed scenario for the evolution of vertebrate eyes on Monday in the journal Current Biology.",
"type": "quotation"
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"name": "Terms with Hawaiian translations",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "24 6 23 40 7",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "10 10 3 63 15",
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},
{
"_dis": "9 9 3 65 14",
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},
{
"_dis": "13 7 29 42 9",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 7 29 42 9",
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"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 8 2 52 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 7 29 36 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 8 3 61 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 7 29 42 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "12 8 1 66 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 7 2 39 6",
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"name": "Terms with Old Anatolian Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 9 2 46 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "14 10 3 57 15",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 7 28 43 8",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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},
{
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{
"_dis": "3 7 3 75 12",
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"name": "Copepods",
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},
{
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],
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"Any copepod in the genus Cyclops."
],
"id": "en-cyclops-en-noun-COcEp0yZ",
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[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"copepod",
"copepod"
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[
"genus",
"genus"
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[
"Cyclops",
"Cyclops#Translingual"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) Any copepod in the genus Cyclops."
],
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"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
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{
"_dis1": "7 4 0 84 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiànshuǐzǎo",
"sense": "copepod",
"word": "劍水蚤 /剑水蚤"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small magnifying lens in the crystal of a watch to aid in reading the date."
],
"id": "en-cyclops-en-noun-fBJ2yyKs",
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"(horology) A small magnifying lens in the crystal of a watch to aid in reading the date."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"horology",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
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{
"enpr": "sī'klŏps",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaɪˌklɑps/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "sī'klŏps",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaɪˌklɒps/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cyclops.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cyclops.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cyclops.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"word": "cyclops"
}
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"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"English lemmas",
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"English semantic loans from Translingual",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Greek mythology",
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"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
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"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
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"Terms with Danish translations",
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"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Gagauz translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
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"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Old Anatolian Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
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"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Copepods",
"en:Mythological creatures",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "biclops"
},
{
"word": "cyclopamine"
},
{
"word": "cyclopean"
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{
"word": "Cyclopean"
},
{
"word": "Cyclopean architecture"
},
{
"word": "cyclopess"
},
{
"word": "cyclopia"
},
{
"word": "cyclopic"
},
{
"word": "cyclops girl"
},
{
"word": "cycloptic"
}
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"name": "bor"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "Κύκλωψ",
"4": "",
"5": "Cyclops 'round eyes'"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"3": "Cyclops",
"nocap": "1"
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"expansion": "semantic loan from translingual Cyclops",
"name": "semantic loan"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "cyclops",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "cyclopes",
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},
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
"categories": [
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"glosses": [
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],
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}
],
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351,
359
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"ref": "2026 February 23, Carl Zimmer, “The Rise of Eyes Began With Just One. Even Charles Darwin was puzzled by the evolution of the vertebrate eye. New research suggests that it traces back to a cyclopean invertebrate with a single eye atop the head”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 24 Feb 2026:",
"text": "Look at just about any vertebrate and you’ll see two eyes looking back at you. Falcons circling overhead have two eyes, just like hammerhead sharks roving through the ocean. Scientists have long puzzled over how the vertebrate eye first evolved. A pair of new studies suggest a strange beginning: Our invertebrate ancestors 560 million years ago were cyclopes, with a single eye at the top of their head, scientists now propose, that only later split in two. Charles Darwin fretted a lot about the exquisite complexity and sophistication of the vertebrate eye as he developed his theory of evolution. “The eye to this day gives me a cold shudder,” he confided to his friend, the American botanist Asa Gray, in 1860. Somehow evolution had produced the eye from many parts, such as the lens and retina, through tiny changes through the generations. Darwin couldn’t say for sure what that sequence of changes was. But he was encouraged by the diversity of simpler eyes among invertebrates. Some are mere lumps of pigment that detect light; others are simple cups lacking lenses. “When I think of the fine known gradations,” Darwin wrote to Gray, “my reason tells me I ought to conquer the cold shudder.” Yet opponents of evolution continued to cast doubt on the idea that eyes could evolve. Even in the 1990s, creationists claimed that natural selection would need many billions of years to produce an eye — far more time than life has existed on Earth. Dan-E. Nilsson, a neurobiologist at Lund University in Sweden, grew so annoyed by these claims that he estimated how long it would actually take for a patch of light-sensitive cells to evolve into an image-forming eye. […] In 1994 he and Susanne Pelger, a colleague at Lund, concluded that an image-forming eye could evolve in just a few hundred thousand years. […] The model only addressed how the shape of eyes evolved. In actuality, many other changes occurred along the way. New proteins had to emerge that could bend light in the lens, for example, while others absorbed light in the retina. In 1994, scientists didn’t know enough about those microscopic details to develop a hypothesis for how they evolved as well. Three decades later, that’s no longer the case. “There’s lots of molecular data now that we can use that is extremely powerful,” Dr. Nilsson said. He and other vision experts have now joined forces to develop a hypothesis for how vertebrate eyes evolved. […] They and their colleagues unveiled their detailed scenario for the evolution of vertebrate eyes on Monday in the journal Current Biology.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A one-eyed creature of any species."
],
"links": [
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"eyed",
"eyed"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A person with only one working eye."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) A person with only one working eye."
],
"tags": [
"derogatory"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"Any copepod in the genus Cyclops."
],
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[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"copepod",
"copepod"
],
[
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"genus"
],
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) Any copepod in the genus Cyclops."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small magnifying lens in the crystal of a watch to aid in reading the date."
],
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"(horology) A small magnifying lens in the crystal of a watch to aid in reading the date."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"horology",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"enpr": "sī'klŏps",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "sī'klŏps",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsaɪˌklɒps/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cyclops.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cyclops.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "katallan"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciklop"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "sayklub",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "سَايْكْلُوب"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cíclope"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "təpəgöz"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "ciclop"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "dúyǎn jùrén",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "獨眼巨人 /独眼巨人"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "kùkèluòpǔsī",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "庫克洛普斯 /库克洛普斯"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "sàikèluòsī",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "賽克洛斯 /赛克洛斯"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kyklop"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kyklop"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "ciklopo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "kyklooppi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyclope"
},
{
"code": "gag",
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "tepegöz"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciclope"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zyklop"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kyklop"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "kýklopas",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κύκλωπας"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"roman": "Kúklōps",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Κύκλωψ"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"lang_code": "haw",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "kukelopa"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "kiklop",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "קיקלופ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "ciklopsz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "küklopsz"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kýklópi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kýklópur"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "ciklopo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciclope"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kyukurōpusu",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "キュクロープス"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "kyukuropusu",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "キュクロプス"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "dokuganki",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "独眼鬼"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"lang_code": "kk",
"roman": "siklop",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "циклоп"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "kikeullopseu",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "키클롭스"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"roman": "kwikeullopseu",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "퀴클롭스"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyclōps"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "kiklop",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "киклоп"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "sāyklŏpsa",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "साय्क्लॉप्स"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kyklop"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cyklop"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciclope"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ciclop"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "ciklóp",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "цикло́п"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "kiklóp",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кикло́п"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "kyklop"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "kyklóp"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "kyklóps"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cíclope"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "siklopsi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "cyklop"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "siklops"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "tepegöz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "eğegöz"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "yalgızgöz"
},
{
"code": "trk-oat",
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "däpä göz",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "دپه كوز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "tepe göz",
"sense": "giant of mythology",
"word": "تپه گوز"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiànshuǐzǎo",
"sense": "copepod",
"word": "劍水蚤 /剑水蚤"
}
],
"word": "cyclops"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cyclops meaning in English (15.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (bdd14c0 and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.