See cull in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cull meaning in English (17.7kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cullen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cullen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cuilen"
},
"expansion": "cuilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "coilen"
},
"expansion": "coilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cuillir",
"t": "collect, gather, select"
},
"expansion": "Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "colligō",
"t": "gather together"
},
"expansion": "Latin colligō (“gather together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coil"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of coil",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cullen, cuilen, coilen, from Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”), from Latin colligō (“gather together”). Doublet of coil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "culling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "culled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "culled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "cull (third-person singular simple present culls, present participle culling, simple past and past participle culled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1984, cover star: JOE DALLESANDRO culled from Andy Warhol's FLESH — anonymous; sleeve notes from The Smiths' eponymous album"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pick or take someone or something (from a larger group)."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-verb--jPlGC9j",
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izbiram",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "избирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podbiram",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "подбирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "uitpikken"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "poimia"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "cueillir"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "pflücken"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "szed"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "összeszed"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "összegyűjt"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "kiválogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "kiszemel"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "kiválaszt"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "összeválogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "cogliere"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "tīpao"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "tīpako"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "plukke"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "plukke ut"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "catar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbirátʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отбира́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otobrátʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отобра́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyčlenjátʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вычленя́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výčlenitʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́членить"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "seleccionar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 0 2 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "plocka"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951, Geoffrey Chaucer, translated by Nevill Coghill, The Canterbury Tales: Translated into Modern English (Penguin Classics), Penguin Books, published 1977, page 202",
"text": "Chaucer's prose Tale of Melibee […] is a dialectal homily of moral debate, exhibiting a learned store of ethical precept culled from many ancient authorities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To gather, collect."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-verb-Jj3TuKaV",
"links": [
[
"gather",
"gather"
],
[
"collect",
"collect"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 10 9 3 7 8 5 3 17 7 20 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To select animals from a group and then kill them in order to reduce the numbers of the group in a controlled manner."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-verb-gDd7USBj",
"links": [
[
"select",
"select"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "撲殺"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pūshā",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "扑杀"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "táotài",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "淘汰"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "ruimen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "uitdunnen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "vähentää kantaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "keulen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "ritkít"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "selejtez"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "szelektál"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "kilő"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abbattere"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "avskyte"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brakovátʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бракова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vybrakóvyvatʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "выбрако́вывать"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabrakovátʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "забракова́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otstrélivatʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отстре́ливать"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "ru",
"english": "shoot off",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otstrelítʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отстрели́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "skjuta av"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 4 66 7 7 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "cwlino"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To kill (animals etc)."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-verb-W3TpbmCY",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nonstandard, euphemistic) To kill (animals etc)."
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 10 9 3 7 8 5 3 17 7 20 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To lay off in order to reduce the size of, get rid of."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-verb-r13T0jS-",
"links": [
[
"lay",
"lay"
],
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"get rid of",
"get rid of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computer graphics",
"orig": "en:Computer graphics",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 10 9 3 7 8 5 3 17 7 20 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 July 17, Blender Foundation, \"Blender 3.6 Manual\"",
"text": "Will cull any objects further from the camera than a given distance. When used in combination with camera frustum culling, this can be used to avoid culling nearby objects that are outside the camera frustum, but still visible in reflections. It is also useful to cull small objects far from the camera.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "w:back-face culling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To selectively not render or process certain objects, such as polygons."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-verb-lUdRUhGF",
"links": [
[
"computer graphics",
"computer graphics"
],
[
"render",
"render"
],
[
"process",
"process"
],
[
"objects",
"object"
],
[
"polygons",
"polygon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computer graphics) To selectively not render or process certain objects, such as polygons."
],
"topics": [
"computer-graphics",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʌl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg/En-us-cull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg",
"tags": [
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],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Culling"
],
"word": "cull"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
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"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cullen"
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"expansion": "Middle English cullen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cuilen"
},
"expansion": "cuilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "coilen"
},
"expansion": "coilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cuillir",
"t": "collect, gather, select"
},
"expansion": "Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "colligō",
"t": "gather together"
},
"expansion": "Latin colligō (“gather together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coil"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of coil",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cullen, cuilen, coilen, from Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”), from Latin colligō (“gather together”). Doublet of coil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cull (plural culls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A selection."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-noun-CpO5g39h",
"links": [
[
"selection",
"selection"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 December 21, Isobel Montgomery, “A year that showed the best and worst of Britain”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 2, page 31",
"text": "It seemed that the sun shone and all was right in our Blakean islands until the government began to set in motion its promised cull of badgers in an effort to control bovine TB. Salvation for brock came in the form of an online petition started by Queen guitarist Brian May, the rising costs of the programme and the weather.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An organized killing of selected animals."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-noun-AsbR8qXT",
"links": [
[
"killing",
"killing"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 74 16 2 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "organised killing of selected animals",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruiming"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 74 16 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "organised killing of selected animals",
"word": "teurastus"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 74 16 2 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "organised killing of selected animals",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odstrzał"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "en:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-noun-wV5rN3AQ",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"discard",
"discard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture) An individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 5 89 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"english": "animal",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded",
"word": "teuras"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 5 89 2 4",
"code": "fi",
"english": "item of produce",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded",
"word": "hylky"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A lobster having only one claw."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-noun-W2bGHD3K",
"links": [
[
"lobster",
"lobster"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"qualifier": "seafood industry",
"raw_glosses": [
"(seafood industry) A lobster having only one claw."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A piece unfit for inclusion within a larger group; an inferior specimen."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-noun-lGWs2Swk",
"links": [
[
"inclusion",
"inclusion"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 12 3 83",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inferior specimen",
"word": "hylky"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 12 3 83",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "brára",
"sense": "inferior specimen",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בְּרָרָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 12 3 83",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "inferior specimen",
"word": "paruranga"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʌl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cull.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg",
"tags": [
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],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Culling"
],
"word": "cull"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cully"
},
"expansion": "cully",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps an abbreviation of cully.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cull (plural culls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ben-cull"
},
{
"word": "mollying-cull"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, published 1973, page 307",
"text": "Follow but my counsel, and I will show you a way to empty the pocket of a queer cull without any danger of the nubbing cheat.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fool, gullible person; a dupe."
],
"id": "en-cull-en-noun-VmxGpGnN",
"links": [
[
"fool",
"fool"
],
[
"dupe",
"dupe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, dialectal) A fool, gullible person; a dupe."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʌl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg/En-us-cull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Culling"
],
"word": "cull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cullen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cullen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cuilen"
},
"expansion": "cuilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "coilen"
},
"expansion": "coilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cuillir",
"t": "collect, gather, select"
},
"expansion": "Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "colligō",
"t": "gather together"
},
"expansion": "Latin colligō (“gather together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coil"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of coil",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cullen, cuilen, coilen, from Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”), from Latin colligō (“gather together”). Doublet of coil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culls",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "culling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "culled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "culled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cull (third-person singular simple present culls, present participle culling, simple past and past participle culled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1984, cover star: JOE DALLESANDRO culled from Andy Warhol's FLESH — anonymous; sleeve notes from The Smiths' eponymous album"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pick or take someone or something (from a larger group)."
],
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"take",
"take"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951, Geoffrey Chaucer, translated by Nevill Coghill, The Canterbury Tales: Translated into Modern English (Penguin Classics), Penguin Books, published 1977, page 202",
"text": "Chaucer's prose Tale of Melibee […] is a dialectal homily of moral debate, exhibiting a learned store of ethical precept culled from many ancient authorities.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To gather, collect."
],
"links": [
[
"gather",
"gather"
],
[
"collect",
"collect"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To select animals from a group and then kill them in order to reduce the numbers of the group in a controlled manner."
],
"links": [
[
"select",
"select"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English euphemisms",
"English nonstandard terms"
],
"glosses": [
"To kill (animals etc)."
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nonstandard, euphemistic) To kill (animals etc)."
],
"tags": [
"euphemistic",
"nonstandard"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To lay off in order to reduce the size of, get rid of."
],
"links": [
[
"lay",
"lay"
],
[
"reduce",
"reduce"
],
[
"size",
"size"
],
[
"get rid of",
"get rid of"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Computer graphics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2023 July 17, Blender Foundation, \"Blender 3.6 Manual\"",
"text": "Will cull any objects further from the camera than a given distance. When used in combination with camera frustum culling, this can be used to avoid culling nearby objects that are outside the camera frustum, but still visible in reflections. It is also useful to cull small objects far from the camera.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"text": "w:back-face culling",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To selectively not render or process certain objects, such as polygons."
],
"links": [
[
"computer graphics",
"computer graphics"
],
[
"render",
"render"
],
[
"process",
"process"
],
[
"objects",
"object"
],
[
"polygons",
"polygon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computer graphics) To selectively not render or process certain objects, such as polygons."
],
"topics": [
"computer-graphics",
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʌl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg/En-us-cull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izbiram",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "избирам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podbiram",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "подбирам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "uitpikken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "poimia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "cueillir"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "pflücken"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "szed"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "összeszed"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "összegyűjt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "kiválogat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "kiszemel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "kiválaszt"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "összeválogat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "cogliere"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "tīpao"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "tīpako"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "plukke"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "plukke ut"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "catar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbirátʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отбира́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otobrátʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отобра́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyčlenjátʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "вычленя́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "výčlenitʹ",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "вы́членить"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "seleccionar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pick or take someone or something",
"word": "plocka"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "撲殺"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "pūshā",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "扑杀"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "táotài",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "淘汰"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "ruimen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "uitdunnen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "vähentää kantaa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "keulen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "ritkít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "selejtez"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "szelektál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "kilő"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "abbattere"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "avskyte"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "brakovátʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "бракова́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vybrakóvyvatʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "выбрако́вывать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zabrakovátʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "забракова́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otstrélivatʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "отстре́ливать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "shoot off",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otstrelítʹ",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отстрели́ть"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"word": "skjuta av"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "to select animals from a group and then kill them",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "cwlino"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Culling"
],
"word": "cull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "cullen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English cullen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "cuilen"
},
"expansion": "cuilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "coilen"
},
"expansion": "coilen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "cuillir",
"t": "collect, gather, select"
},
"expansion": "Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "colligō",
"t": "gather together"
},
"expansion": "Latin colligō (“gather together”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "coil"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of coil",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English cullen, cuilen, coilen, from Old French cuillir (“collect, gather, select”), from Latin colligō (“gather together”). Doublet of coil.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cull (plural culls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A selection."
],
"links": [
[
"selection",
"selection"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012 December 21, Isobel Montgomery, “A year that showed the best and worst of Britain”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 2, page 31",
"text": "It seemed that the sun shone and all was right in our Blakean islands until the government began to set in motion its promised cull of badgers in an effort to control bovine TB. Salvation for brock came in the form of an online petition started by Queen guitarist Brian May, the rising costs of the programme and the weather.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An organized killing of selected animals."
],
"links": [
[
"killing",
"killing"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Agriculture"
],
"glosses": [
"An individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded."
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"animal",
"animal"
],
[
"produce",
"produce"
],
[
"discard",
"discard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture) An individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A lobster having only one claw."
],
"links": [
[
"lobster",
"lobster"
],
[
"claw",
"claw"
]
],
"qualifier": "seafood industry",
"raw_glosses": [
"(seafood industry) A lobster having only one claw."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A piece unfit for inclusion within a larger group; an inferior specimen."
],
"links": [
[
"inclusion",
"inclusion"
],
[
"inferior",
"inferior"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʌl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg/En-us-cull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "organised killing of selected animals",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ruiming"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "organised killing of selected animals",
"word": "teurastus"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "organised killing of selected animals",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "odstrzał"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "animal",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded",
"word": "teuras"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "item of produce",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "individual animal selected to be killed, or item of produce to be discarded",
"word": "hylky"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "inferior specimen",
"word": "hylky"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "brára",
"sense": "inferior specimen",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "בְּרָרָה"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "inferior specimen",
"word": "paruranga"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Culling"
],
"word": "cull"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl",
"Rhymes:English/ʌl/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ben-cull"
},
{
"word": "mollying-cull"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cully"
},
"expansion": "cully",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Perhaps an abbreviation of cully.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "culls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cull (plural culls)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, published 1973, page 307",
"text": "Follow but my counsel, and I will show you a way to empty the pocket of a queer cull without any danger of the nubbing cheat.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fool, gullible person; a dupe."
],
"links": [
[
"fool",
"fool"
],
[
"dupe",
"dupe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, dialectal) A fool, gullible person; a dupe."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʌl/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-cull.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg/En-us-cull.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/En-us-cull.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Culling"
],
"word": "cull"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.