See croft in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 10 5 3 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "73 14 12",
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{
"_dis": "68 19 13",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "72 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "70 13 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "73 16 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "73 15 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 12 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "73 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 14 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "65 20 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "croftland"
},
{
"word": "goodman's croft"
},
{
"word": "Moorcroft"
},
{
"word": "toft and croft"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1530: Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy (in a lease to his \"weil belouit\" servant John M'Conoquhy V'Gregour)",
"text": "...to haue set and for malis and service...the four markland of Kincrakin...with the croft of Polgreyich and the croft that Ewin M'Ewin was wount to haue..."
},
{
"ref": "1819 September 19, John Keats, “To Autumn”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, stanza 3, page 139:",
"text": "Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft / The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft; / And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enclosed piece of land, usually small and arable and used for small-scale food production, and often with a dwelling next to it; in particular, such a piece of land rented to a farmer (a crofter), especially in Scotland, together with a right to use separate pastureland shared by other crofters."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun-089Kq4aZ",
"links": [
[
"enclosed",
"enclosed#Adjective"
],
[
"land",
"land#Noun"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"arable",
"arable"
],
[
"small-scale",
"small-scale"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"production",
"production"
],
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling#Noun"
],
[
"rented",
"rent#Verb"
],
[
"farmer",
"farmer"
],
[
"crofter",
"crofter"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
],
[
"use",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"separate",
"separate#Adjective"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"shared",
"share#Verb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "quillet"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"english": "zagradeno pole",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "заградено поле"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záhumenek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "políčko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "haka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter who lived off the land",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "torppa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter with not enough arable land to survive on",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "mäkitupa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hjáleigubóndi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smábóndi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crochta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campicello"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campetto"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuft"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ograđeno polje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "torp"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyddyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crofft"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crofter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crofting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crofting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (third-person singular simple present crofts, present participle crofting, simple past and past participle crofted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-verb--Jg5YHs2",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"agricultural",
"agricultural"
],
[
"work",
"work#Verb"
],
[
"crofts",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-verb-kJni9h~1",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place#Verb"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"open air",
"open air"
],
[
"sun",
"sun#Verb"
],
[
"bleach",
"bleach#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "undercroft"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old English cruft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crupta"
},
"expansion": "Latin crupta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρυπτή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "feminine"
},
"expansion": "feminine",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krocht",
"t": "underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt"
},
"expansion": "Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krucht"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German krucht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old High German cruft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kruft",
"t": "cave; crypt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grotto",
"3": "crypt"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grotto and crypt",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English croft, crofte, croufte, crufte (“crypt; vault”), from Old English cruft, from Latin crupta, crypta (“crypt; vault”), from Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ), feminine form of κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”), from κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”) (further etymology unknown) + -ος (-os). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch croft, crocht, crochte, crogt, cruft, crufte (modern Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)), Middle Low German krucht, kruft (“crypt”), Old High German cruft (Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)). Doublet of grotto and crypt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underground chamber; a crypt, an undercroft."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun-LSRxwl6k",
"links": [
[
"underground",
"underground#Adjective"
],
[
"chamber",
"chamber"
],
[
"crypt",
"crypt"
],
[
"undercroft",
"undercroft"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cave or cavern."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun--EiIAxTL",
"links": [
[
"cave",
"cave"
],
[
"cavern",
"cavern"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of carafe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A carafe."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun-zTNprh~4",
"links": [
[
"carafe",
"carafe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A carafe."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "croftland"
},
{
"word": "goodman's croft"
},
{
"word": "Moorcroft"
},
{
"word": "toft and croft"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1530: Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy (in a lease to his \"weil belouit\" servant John M'Conoquhy V'Gregour)",
"text": "...to haue set and for malis and service...the four markland of Kincrakin...with the croft of Polgreyich and the croft that Ewin M'Ewin was wount to haue..."
},
{
"ref": "1819 September 19, John Keats, “To Autumn”, in Lamia, Isabella, the Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems, London: […] [Thomas Davison] for Taylor and Hessey, […], published 1820, →OCLC, stanza 3, page 139:",
"text": "Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft / The red-breast whistles from a garden-croft; / And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enclosed piece of land, usually small and arable and used for small-scale food production, and often with a dwelling next to it; in particular, such a piece of land rented to a farmer (a crofter), especially in Scotland, together with a right to use separate pastureland shared by other crofters."
],
"links": [
[
"enclosed",
"enclosed#Adjective"
],
[
"land",
"land#Noun"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"arable",
"arable"
],
[
"small-scale",
"small-scale"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"production",
"production"
],
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling#Noun"
],
[
"rented",
"rent#Verb"
],
[
"farmer",
"farmer"
],
[
"crofter",
"crofter"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
],
[
"use",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"separate",
"separate#Adjective"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"shared",
"share#Verb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "quillet"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"english": "zagradeno pole",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "заградено поле"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záhumenek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "políčko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "haka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter who lived off the land",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "torppa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter with not enough arable land to survive on",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "mäkitupa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hjáleigubóndi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smábóndi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crochta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campicello"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campetto"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuft"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ograđeno polje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "torp"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyddyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crofft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crofter"
},
{
"word": "crofting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crofting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (third-person singular simple present crofts, present participle crofting, simple past and past participle crofted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"agricultural",
"agricultural"
],
[
"work",
"work#Verb"
],
[
"crofts",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"links": [
[
"place",
"place#Verb"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"open air",
"open air"
],
[
"sun",
"sun#Verb"
],
[
"bleach",
"bleach#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English archaic terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "undercroft"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old English cruft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crupta"
},
"expansion": "Latin crupta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρυπτή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "feminine"
},
"expansion": "feminine",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krocht",
"t": "underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt"
},
"expansion": "Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krucht"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German krucht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old High German cruft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kruft",
"t": "cave; crypt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grotto",
"3": "crypt"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grotto and crypt",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English croft, crofte, croufte, crufte (“crypt; vault”), from Old English cruft, from Latin crupta, crypta (“crypt; vault”), from Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ), feminine form of κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”), from κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”) (further etymology unknown) + -ος (-os). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch croft, crocht, crochte, crogt, cruft, crufte (modern Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)), Middle Low German krucht, kruft (“crypt”), Old High German cruft (Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)). Doublet of grotto and crypt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underground chamber; a crypt, an undercroft."
],
"links": [
[
"underground",
"underground#Adjective"
],
[
"chamber",
"chamber"
],
[
"crypt",
"crypt"
],
[
"undercroft",
"undercroft"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cave or cavern."
],
"links": [
[
"cave",
"cave"
],
[
"cavern",
"cavern"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of carafe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A carafe."
],
"links": [
[
"carafe",
"carafe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A carafe."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga"
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
Download raw JSONL data for croft meaning in English (17.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.