See croft on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for croft meaning in All languages combined (20.2kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofft"
},
"expansion": "crofft",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croffte"
},
"expansion": "croffte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croofte"
},
"expansion": "croofte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofte",
"t": "croft"
},
"expansion": "crofte (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "krocht"
},
"expansion": "krocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crocht",
"t": "high and dry land; a field on the downs"
},
"expansion": "crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "craft",
"t": "croft"
},
"expansion": "craft (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 6 3 2 7 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 3 2 1 4 32 0 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 2 0 3 33 0 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "goodman's croft"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1530: Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy (in a lease to his \"weil belouit\" servant John M'Conoquhy V'Gregour)",
"text": "...to haue set and for malis and service...the four markland of Kincrakin...with the croft of Polgreyich and the croft that Ewin M'Ewin was wount to haue..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enclosed piece of land, usually small and arable and used for small-scale food production, and often with a dwelling next to it; in particular, such a piece of land rented to a farmer (a crofter), especially in Scotland, together with a right to use separate pastureland shared by other crofters."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun-089Kq4aZ",
"links": [
[
"enclosed",
"enclosed#Adjective"
],
[
"land",
"land#Noun"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"arable",
"arable"
],
[
"small-scale",
"small-scale"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"production",
"production"
],
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling#Noun"
],
[
"rented",
"rent#Verb"
],
[
"farmer",
"farmer"
],
[
"crofter",
"crofter"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
],
[
"use",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"separate",
"separate#Adjective"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"shared",
"share#Verb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "quillet"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"english": "zagradeno pole",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "заградено поле"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záhumenek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "políčko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "haka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter who lived off the land",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "torppa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter with not enough arable land to survive on",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "mäkitupa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hjáleigubóndi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smábóndi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crochta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campicello"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campetto"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuft"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ograđeno polje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "torp"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyddyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crofft"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crofter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crofting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofft"
},
"expansion": "crofft",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croffte"
},
"expansion": "croffte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croofte"
},
"expansion": "croofte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofte",
"t": "croft"
},
"expansion": "crofte (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "krocht"
},
"expansion": "krocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crocht",
"t": "high and dry land; a field on the downs"
},
"expansion": "crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "craft",
"t": "croft"
},
"expansion": "craft (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crofting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (third-person singular simple present crofts, present participle crofting, simple past and past participle crofted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-verb--Jg5YHs2",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"agricultural",
"agricultural"
],
[
"work",
"work#Verb"
],
[
"crofts",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 3 2 1 4 32 0 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 2 0 3 33 0 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-verb-kJni9h~1",
"links": [
[
"place",
"place#Verb"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"open air",
"open air"
],
[
"sun",
"sun#Verb"
],
[
"bleach",
"bleach#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "undercroft"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofte"
},
"expansion": "crofte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croufte"
},
"expansion": "croufte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crufte",
"t": "crypt; vault"
},
"expansion": "crufte (“crypt; vault”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old English cruft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crupta"
},
"expansion": "Latin crupta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "crypta",
"t": "crypt; vault"
},
"expansion": "crypta (“crypt; vault”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρυπτή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "feminine"
},
"expansion": "feminine",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρῠπτός",
"t": "concealed, hidden; secret"
},
"expansion": "κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρύπτω",
"t": "to conceal, hide; to obscure"
},
"expansion": "κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ος"
},
"expansion": "-ος (-os)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crocht"
},
"expansion": "crocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crochte"
},
"expansion": "crochte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crogt"
},
"expansion": "crogt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "cruft",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crufte"
},
"expansion": "crufte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krocht",
"t": "underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt"
},
"expansion": "Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krucht"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German krucht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kruft",
"t": "crypt"
},
"expansion": "kruft (“crypt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old High German cruft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kruft",
"t": "cave; crypt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grotto",
"3": "crypt"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grotto and crypt",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English croft, crofte, croufte, crufte (“crypt; vault”), from Old English cruft, from Latin crupta, crypta (“crypt; vault”), from Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ), feminine form of κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”), from κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”) (further etymology unknown) + -ος (-os). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch croft, crocht, crochte, crogt, cruft, crufte (modern Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)), Middle Low German krucht, kruft (“crypt”), Old High German cruft (Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)). Doublet of grotto and crypt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underground chamber; a crypt, an undercroft."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun-LSRxwl6k",
"links": [
[
"underground",
"underground#Adjective"
],
[
"chamber",
"chamber"
],
[
"crypt",
"crypt"
],
[
"undercroft",
"undercroft"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cave or cavern."
],
"id": "en-croft-en-noun--EiIAxTL",
"links": [
[
"cave",
"cave"
],
[
"cavern",
"cavern"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "carafe"
},
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},
{
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},
"expansion": "³",
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],
"etymology_text": "A variant of carafe.",
"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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{
"args": {},
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{
"categories": [],
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"id": "en-croft-en-noun-zTNprh~4",
"links": [
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],
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"(archaic) A carafe."
],
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"Received-Pronunciation"
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"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
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},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
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},
{
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},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
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"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "croft"
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],
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},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "croft",
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},
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"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: croft, craft"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft",
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
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},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"4": "",
"5": "to curve, bend, crawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ger-",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn, wind"
},
"expansion": "*ger- (“to turn, wind”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English croft, possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz, from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”), from *ger- (“to turn, wind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "croftes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
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"expansion": "croft",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "croftes"
},
"expansion": "croft (plural croftes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"croft (small field)"
],
"id": "en-croft-enm-noun-sfce5vD1",
"links": [
[
"croft",
"croft#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 3 2 1 4 32 0 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 4 2 0 3 33 0 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "enm:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"enclosure, courtyard"
],
"id": "en-croft-enm-noun-uTEOcQ-j",
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"courtyard",
"courtyard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) enclosure, courtyard"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɔft/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crofft"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "croffte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crofte"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "croofte"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable",
"enm:Agriculture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "goodman's croft"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofft"
},
"expansion": "crofft",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "croffte",
"name": "m"
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "croofte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "crofte (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "kroft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "krocht"
},
"expansion": "krocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crocht",
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},
"expansion": "crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
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},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "craft",
"t": "croft"
},
"expansion": "craft (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1530: Sir John Campbell of Glenurchy (in a lease to his \"weil belouit\" servant John M'Conoquhy V'Gregour)",
"text": "...to haue set and for malis and service...the four markland of Kincrakin...with the croft of Polgreyich and the croft that Ewin M'Ewin was wount to haue..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"An enclosed piece of land, usually small and arable and used for small-scale food production, and often with a dwelling next to it; in particular, such a piece of land rented to a farmer (a crofter), especially in Scotland, together with a right to use separate pastureland shared by other crofters."
],
"links": [
[
"enclosed",
"enclosed#Adjective"
],
[
"land",
"land#Noun"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"arable",
"arable"
],
[
"small-scale",
"small-scale"
],
[
"food",
"food"
],
[
"production",
"production"
],
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling#Noun"
],
[
"rented",
"rent#Verb"
],
[
"farmer",
"farmer"
],
[
"crofter",
"crofter"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
],
[
"use",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"separate",
"separate#Adjective"
],
[
"pastureland",
"pastureland"
],
[
"shared",
"share#Verb"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "quillet"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"english": "zagradeno pole",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "заградено поле"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záhumenek"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "políčko"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "haka"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter who lived off the land",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "torppa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "homestead of a crofter with not enough arable land to survive on",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "mäkitupa"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hjáleigubóndi"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "smábóndi"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crochta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campicello"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "campetto"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "tuft"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "croit"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ograđeno polje"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "torp"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tyddyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "enclosed piece of land",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crofft"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable",
"enm:Agriculture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crofter"
},
{
"word": "crofting"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"name": "m"
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"expansion": "crofte (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft",
"t": "enclosed field"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft (“enclosed field”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz",
"t": "a hill; a curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"t": "to bend; arch, crook, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
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},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kroft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "krocht"
},
"expansion": "krocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crocht",
"t": "high and dry land; a field on the downs"
},
"expansion": "crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroch",
"t": "enclosed piece of farmland or pasture"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Scots croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "craft",
"t": "croft"
},
"expansion": "craft (“croft”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English croft, crofft, croffte, croofte, crofte (“croft”), from Old English croft (“enclosed field”); further etymology uncertain, but possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz (“a hill; a curve”), from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to bend; arch, crook, curve”); see also crop. The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch kroft, krocht, crocht (“high and dry land; a field on the downs”), Middle Low German kroch (“enclosed piece of farmland or pasture”), Scots croft, craft (“croft”).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crofting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crofted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (third-person singular simple present crofts, present participle crofting, simple past and past participle crofted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"agricultural",
"agricultural"
],
[
"work",
"work#Verb"
],
[
"crofts",
"#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To do agricultural work on one or more crofts."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"links": [
[
"place",
"place#Verb"
],
[
"cloth",
"cloth"
],
[
"ground",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"open air",
"open air"
],
[
"sun",
"sun#Verb"
],
[
"bleach",
"bleach#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To place (cloth, etc.) on the ground in the open air in order to sun and bleach it."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English archaic terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable",
"enm:Agriculture"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "undercroft"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crofte"
},
"expansion": "crofte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croufte"
},
"expansion": "croufte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crufte",
"t": "crypt; vault"
},
"expansion": "crufte (“crypt; vault”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old English cruft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "crupta"
},
"expansion": "Latin crupta",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "crypta",
"t": "crypt; vault"
},
"expansion": "crypta (“crypt; vault”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κρυπτή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "feminine"
},
"expansion": "feminine",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρῠπτός",
"t": "concealed, hidden; secret"
},
"expansion": "κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κρύπτω",
"t": "to conceal, hide; to obscure"
},
"expansion": "κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ος"
},
"expansion": "-ος (-os)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch croft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crocht"
},
"expansion": "crocht",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crochte"
},
"expansion": "crochte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crogt"
},
"expansion": "crogt",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "cruft",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "crufte"
},
"expansion": "crufte",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "krocht",
"t": "underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt"
},
"expansion": "Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krucht"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German krucht",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kruft",
"t": "crypt"
},
"expansion": "kruft (“crypt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "cruft"
},
"expansion": "Old High German cruft",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "kruft",
"t": "cave; crypt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grotto",
"3": "crypt"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of grotto and crypt",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English croft, crofte, croufte, crufte (“crypt; vault”), from Old English cruft, from Latin crupta, crypta (“crypt; vault”), from Ancient Greek κρυπτή (kruptḗ), feminine form of κρῠπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden; secret”), from κρύπτω (krúptō, “to conceal, hide; to obscure”) (further etymology unknown) + -ος (-os). The English word is cognate with Middle Dutch croft, crocht, crochte, crogt, cruft, crufte (modern Dutch krocht (“underground cavity, cave; underground vault, crypt”)), Middle Low German krucht, kruft (“crypt”), Old High German cruft (Middle High German kruft (“cave; crypt”)). Doublet of grotto and crypt.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underground chamber; a crypt, an undercroft."
],
"links": [
[
"underground",
"underground#Adjective"
],
[
"chamber",
"chamber"
],
[
"crypt",
"crypt"
],
[
"undercroft",
"undercroft"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A cave or cavern."
],
"links": [
[
"cave",
"cave"
],
[
"cavern",
"cavern"
]
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft",
"Rhymes:English/ɒft/1 syllable",
"enm:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carafe"
},
"expansion": "carafe",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "3"
},
"expansion": "³",
"name": "sup"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of carafe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crofts",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "croft (plural crofts)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A carafe."
],
"links": [
[
"carafe",
"carafe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) A carafe."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹɒft/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɔft/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹɑft/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒft"
},
{
"audio": "En-uk-croft.oga",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga/En-uk-croft.oga.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/En-uk-croft.oga",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"text": "Audio (UK)"
},
{
"enpr": "krŏft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"enpr": "krôft",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"cot-caught-merger"
]
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"enm:Agriculture"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "croft"
},
"expansion": "English: croft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: croft"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "croft",
"3": "craft"
},
"expansion": "Scots: croft, craft",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: croft, craft"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "croft"
},
"expansion": "Old English croft",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kruftaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kruftaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*grewb-",
"4": "",
"5": "to curve, bend, crawl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ger-",
"3": "",
"4": "to turn, wind"
},
"expansion": "*ger- (“to turn, wind”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English croft, possibly from Proto-Germanic *kruftaz, from Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (“to curve, bend, crawl”), from *ger- (“to turn, wind”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "croftes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "croft",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "croftes"
},
"expansion": "croft (plural croftes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"croft (small field)"
],
"links": [
[
"croft",
"croft#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"enclosure, courtyard"
],
"links": [
[
"enclosure",
"enclosure"
],
[
"courtyard",
"courtyard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) enclosure, courtyard"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/krɔft/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "crofft"
},
{
"word": "croffte"
},
{
"word": "crofte"
},
{
"word": "croofte"
}
],
"word": "croft"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.