See circumstantial in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "impossible"
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
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{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "necessary"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "etymon"
},
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"3": "circumstantia"
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"expansion": "Latin circumstantia",
"name": "der"
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"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *staējō\nProto-Italic *staēō\nLatin stō\nLatin circumstō\nLatin circumstāns\nLatin circumstantia\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish circumstantial\nFrom Latin circumstantia + English -al, equivalent to circumstance + -ial.",
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"form": "more circumstantial",
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],
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{
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"code": "cmn",
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"roman": "jiànjiē zhèngjù de",
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"word": "間接證據的 /间接证据的"
},
{
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"word": "Indizien"
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"word": "anscheinsmäßig"
},
{
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"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"word": "indiciario"
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},
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{
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{
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"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
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{
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"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
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{
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{
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{
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"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
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{
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{
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], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to stand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*staējō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"stand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", 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\"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"slbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Semi-learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \"circumstāns\", \"text\" : \"+\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstāntia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"slbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"circonstance\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"circumstaunce\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumstance\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumstantial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"circumstantial\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "circumstantia"
},
"expansion": "Latin circumstantia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "circumstance",
"3": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "circumstance + -ial",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *staējō\nProto-Italic *staēō\nLatin stō\nLatin circumstō\nLatin circumstāns\nLatin circumstantia\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish circumstantial\nFrom Latin circumstantia + English -al, equivalent to circumstance + -ial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circumstantials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circumstantial (plural circumstantials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "essential"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
19
]
],
"text": "the circumstantials of religion",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance."
],
"id": "en-circumstantial-en-noun-y-9Q~UpQ",
"links": [
[
"incidental",
"incidental"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in the plural) Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "zhījié",
"sense": "something incidental",
"word": "枝節 /枝节"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "something incidental",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "olosuhteet"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "something incidental",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "epäolennaisuudet"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "something incidental",
"word": "oheisilmiö"
},
{
"_dis1": "94 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "something incidental",
"word": "circunstancial"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 26 30 12 3 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 25 29 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 23 21 9 8 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -al (adjectival suffix)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 25 29 13 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ial",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 25 24 20 3 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 24 23 19 6 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An adjunct or circumstant."
],
"id": "en-circumstantial-en-noun-Vn60wQU8",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"adjunct",
"adjunct"
],
[
"circumstant",
"circumstant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) An adjunct or circumstant."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səːkəmˈstanʃəl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "circumstantial"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "certain"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "impossible"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "inevitable"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "necessary"
}
],
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms suffixed with -al (adjectival suffix)",
"English terms suffixed with -ial",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "circumstantial evidence"
},
{
"word": "circumstantiality"
},
{
"word": "circumstantially"
},
{
"word": "circumstantialness"
},
{
"word": "circumstantiate"
},
{
"word": "noncircumstantial"
},
{
"word": "uncircumstantial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "la:circumstantia",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival suffix>",
"5": ":afeq",
"6": "circumstance",
"7": "-ial",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *staējō\nProto-Italic *staēō\nLatin stō\nLatin circumstō\nLatin circumstāns\nLatin circumstantia\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish circumstantial\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to stand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*staējō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"stand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sth₂éh₁yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*staēō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstāns\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstantia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"slbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Semi-learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \"circumstāns\", \"text\" : \"+\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstāntia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"slbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"circonstance\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"circumstaunce\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumstance\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumstantial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"circumstantial\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "la",
"3": "circumstantia"
},
"expansion": "Latin circumstantia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "circumstance",
"3": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "circumstance + -ial",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *staējō\nProto-Italic *staēō\nLatin stō\nLatin circumstō\nLatin circumstāns\nLatin circumstantia\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish circumstantial\nFrom Latin circumstantia + English -al, equivalent to circumstance + -ial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more circumstantial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most circumstantial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circumstantial (comparative more circumstantial, superlative most circumstantial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "instantial"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
97,
111
]
],
"ref": "1754, John Sharp, Sermons:",
"text": "We must therefore distinguish between the essentials in religious worship […] and what is merely circumstantial.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
43,
57
]
],
"ref": "2000 September 7, Henry Gee, “Eating people - is it bad taste?”, in The Guardian, →ISSN, archived from the original on 09 May 2014:",
"text": "Evidence for cannibalism abounds - even if circumstantial - both from the modern world and throughout history, but academic anthropology has found itself in a funk of denial.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Pertaining to or dependent on circumstances, especially as opposed to essentials; incidental, not essential."
],
"links": [
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance"
],
[
"essential",
"essential"
],
[
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"incidental"
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},
{
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"English terms with usage examples",
"en:Law"
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{
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]
],
"text": "It is unlikely he will be convicted; the evidence against him is circumstantial at best.",
"type": "example"
},
{
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],
"ref": "1920, Agatha Christie, The Mysterious Affair at Styles, London: Pan Books, published 1954, page 162:",
"text": "Never, he said, in the course of his long experience, had he known a charge of murder rest on slighter evidence. Not only was it entirely circumstantial, but the greater part of it was practically unproved.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Involving evidence that relies on inference to connect it to a conclusion of fact, thus, suggesting guilt but not directly proving it."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
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"evidence"
],
[
"relies",
"rely"
],
[
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],
[
"conclusion",
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],
[
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],
[
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],
[
"directly",
"directly"
],
[
"proving",
"prove"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) Involving evidence that relies on inference to connect it to a conclusion of fact, thus, suggesting guilt but not directly proving it."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
27,
41
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],
"ref": "1777, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, The School for Scandal, V.ii:",
"text": "My Unkle's account is more circumstantial I must confess—but I believe mine is the true one for all that.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1806, James Wilkinson, Letter to Thomas Jefferson (October 21, 1806) (part of Burr conspiracy)",
"text": "For although my information appears too direct and circumstantial to be fictitious, yet the magnitude of the enterprise, the desperation of the plan, and the stupendous consequences with which it seems pregnant, stagger my belief […]"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
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111
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],
"ref": "2007, John Burrow, A History of Histories, Penguin, published 2009, page 326:",
"text": "Second-hand but clearly from the best possible source - the King himself - [the story] is highly circumstantial, taking twenty-two pages of text.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Abounding with minor circumstances; in great detail; particular."
],
"links": [
[
"detail",
"detail"
],
[
"particular",
"particular"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Full of circumstance or pomp; ceremonial."
],
"links": [
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance"
],
[
"pomp",
"pomp"
],
[
"ceremonial",
"ceremonial"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səːkəmˈstanʃəl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "accidental"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "circumstantial"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "coincidental"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "coinstantial"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "contingent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "happenstantial"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "incidental"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:circumstantial",
"word": "secondary"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "circumstancial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "suí qíngkuàng ér dìng de",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "隨情況而定的 /随情况而定的"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "epäolennainen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "aiheeseen liittyvä"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "umstandsbezogen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "umstandsmäßig"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "pertaining to circumstances",
"word": "circunstancial"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "xiángjìn de",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "詳盡的 /详尽的"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "yksityiskohtainen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "umständlich"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "detailliert"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "weitschweifig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "ausführlich"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "beacht"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "omstendelig"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "detálʹnyj",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "дета́льный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "obstojátelʹnyj",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "обстоя́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "minucioso"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "abounding with circumstances; minute in details",
"word": "kapangyayari"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "yíshìxìng de",
"sense": "full of pomp",
"word": "儀式性的 /仪式性的"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "full of pomp",
"word": "juhlallinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "full of pomp",
"word": "juhlava"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "full of pomp",
"word": "pomposo"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "jiànjiē zhèngjù de",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"word": "間接證據的 /间接证据的"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"word": "aihe- (see: aihetodiste)"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "circumstantial evidence",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural",
"singular"
],
"translation": "circumstantial evidence",
"word": "Indizien"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Indiz"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Indizienbeweis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"tags": [
"circumstantial"
],
"word": "auf Indizienbeweisen beruhend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"word": "anscheinsmäßig"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "suggesting guilty but not proving it",
"word": "indiciario"
}
],
"word": "circumstantial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English compound terms",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
"English terms suffixed with -al",
"English terms suffixed with -al (adjectival suffix)",
"English terms suffixed with -ial",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": ":af",
"3": "la:circumstantia",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival suffix>",
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"6": "circumstance",
"7": "-ial",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *staējō\nProto-Italic *staēō\nLatin stō\nLatin circumstō\nLatin circumstāns\nLatin circumstantia\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish circumstantial\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to stand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*staējō\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"stand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*steh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁ti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₁yeti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*sth₂éh₁yeti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*staēō\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"stō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstāns\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstantia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"slbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Semi-learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \"circumstāns\", \"text\" : \"+\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumstāntia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"slbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"circonstance\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"circumstaunce\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumstance\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumstantial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"circumstantial\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
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"2": "la",
"3": "circumstantia"
},
"expansion": "Latin circumstantia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "af"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "circumstance",
"3": "-ial"
},
"expansion": "circumstance + -ial",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *steh₂-\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti\nProto-Indo-European *-yeti\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti\nProto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti\nProto-Italic *staējō\nProto-Italic *staēō\nLatin stō\nLatin circumstō\nLatin circumstāns\nLatin circumstantia\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish circumstantial\nFrom Latin circumstantia + English -al, equivalent to circumstance + -ial.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "circumstantials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "circumstantial (plural circumstantials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "essential"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
19
]
],
"text": "the circumstantials of religion",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance."
],
"links": [
[
"incidental",
"incidental"
],
[
"subject",
"subject"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in the plural) Something incidental to the main subject, but of less importance."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"An adjunct or circumstant."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"adjunct",
"adjunct"
],
[
"circumstant",
"circumstant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) An adjunct or circumstant."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/səːkəmˈstanʃəl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-circumstancial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "zhījié",
"sense": "something incidental",
"word": "枝節 /枝节"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "something incidental",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "olosuhteet"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "something incidental",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "epäolennaisuudet"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "something incidental",
"word": "oheisilmiö"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "something incidental",
"word": "circunstancial"
}
],
"word": "circumstantial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for circumstantial meaning in English (33.5kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/611",
"msg": "suspicious translation with ': ': {'lang': 'Finnish', 'code': 'fi', 'lang_code': 'fi', 'sense': 'suggesting guilty but not proving it', 'word': 'aihe- (see: aihetodiste)'}",
"path": [
"circumstantial"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "circumstantial",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.