See avow in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "disavow"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-"
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "avowen"
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"expansion": "Middle English avowen",
"name": "inh"
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"2": "fro",
"3": "avouer"
},
"expansion": "Old French avouer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "advoco",
"4": "advocare",
"5": "to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate"
},
"expansion": "Latin advocare (“to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate”)",
"name": "der"
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{
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"2": "advoke",
"3": "avouch",
"4": "advocate"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of advoke, avouch, and advocate",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English avowen, from Old French avouer, from Latin advocare (“to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate”), from ad (“to”) + vocare (“to call”). Doublet of advoke, avouch, and advocate. Not related to vow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "avows",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "avowing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "avowed",
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"past"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "advocate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "avowable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "avowance"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "avowedly"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reavow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
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}
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{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1858, Henry Stephens Randall, The Life of Thomas Jefferson, volume 1, page 461:",
"text": "[…] in 1786, and for some period later, there were few, if any, prominent Americans, who avowed themselves in favor of broadly democratic systems.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly."
],
"id": "en-avow-en-verb-8eVnXMZ4",
"links": [
[
"declare",
"declare"
],
[
"openly",
"openly"
],
[
"boldly",
"boldly"
],
[
"own",
"own"
],
[
"acknowledge",
"acknowledge"
],
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"frankly",
"frankly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "priznavám",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "признава́м"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "confessar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "招認"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhāorèn",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "招认"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngyán",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公言"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "承認"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chéngrèn",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "承认"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公開說"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngkāi shuō",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公开说"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "prohlásit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oznámit"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "vedkende"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "myöntää avoimesti"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "tunnustaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "avouer"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "confesser"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "bekennen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "gestehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"alt": "こうげんする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōgen suru",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公言する"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "profiteor"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "izjavuva",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "изјавува"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "tūtohu"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "admitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "mărturisi"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznavátʹ",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "признава́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznátʹ",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "призна́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznavátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "признава́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "призна́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soznavátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сознава́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soznátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "созна́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "aidich"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "confesar"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "admitir"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "reconocer"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "bekänna"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "erkänna"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "itiraf etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "açıkça söylemek"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 3 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "ilan etmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To bind or devote by a vow."
],
"id": "en-avow-en-verb-EKTuOu29",
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
],
[
"devote",
"devote"
],
[
"vow",
"vow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To bind or devote by a vow."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:",
"text": "avow himself the accomplice of his crimes",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To acknowledge and justify, as an act done. See avowry."
],
"id": "en-avow-en-verb-0xC~-NhD",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"avowry",
"avowry#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) To acknowledge and justify, as an act done. See avowry."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈvaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-avow.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
}
],
"word": "avow"
}
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English avowen, from Old French avouer, from Latin advocare (“to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate”), from ad (“to”) + vocare (“to call”). Doublet of advoke, avouch, and advocate. Not related to vow.",
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"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Twelfth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "without thy Knowledge and Avow",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"id": "en-avow-en-noun-AwGu2Lxn",
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"3": "avouch",
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"etymology_text": "From Middle English avowen, from Old French avouer, from Latin advocare (“to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate”), from ad (“to”) + vocare (“to call”). Doublet of advoke, avouch, and advocate. Not related to vow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "avows",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "avowing",
"tags": [
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"present"
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{
"form": "avowed",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "advocate"
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{
"word": "avowable"
},
{
"word": "avowably"
},
{
"word": "avowal"
},
{
"word": "avowance"
},
{
"word": "avowed"
},
{
"word": "avowedly"
},
{
"word": "avower"
},
{
"word": "reavow"
},
{
"word": "unavowable"
},
{
"word": "unavowed"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1858, Henry Stephens Randall, The Life of Thomas Jefferson, volume 1, page 461:",
"text": "[…] in 1786, and for some period later, there were few, if any, prominent Americans, who avowed themselves in favor of broadly democratic systems.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly."
],
"links": [
[
"declare",
"declare"
],
[
"openly",
"openly"
],
[
"boldly",
"boldly"
],
[
"own",
"own"
],
[
"acknowledge",
"acknowledge"
],
[
"confess",
"confess"
],
[
"frankly",
"frankly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To declare openly and boldly, as something believed to be right; to own, acknowledge or confess frankly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To bind or devote by a vow."
],
"links": [
[
"bind",
"bind"
],
[
"devote",
"devote"
],
[
"vow",
"vow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To bind or devote by a vow."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:",
"text": "avow himself the accomplice of his crimes",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To acknowledge and justify, as an act done. See avowry."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"avowry",
"avowry#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) To acknowledge and justify, as an act done. See avowry."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈvaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-avow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "priznavám",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "признава́м"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "confessar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "招認"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhāorèn",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "招认"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngyán",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公言"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "承認"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chéngrèn",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "承认"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公開說"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gōngkāi shuō",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公开说"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "prohlásit"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oznámit"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "vedkende"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "myöntää avoimesti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "tunnustaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "avouer"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "confesser"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "bekennen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "gestehen"
},
{
"alt": "こうげんする",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kōgen suru",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "公言する"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "profiteor"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "izjavuva",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "изјавува"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "tūtohu"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "admitir"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "mărturisi"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznavátʹ",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "признава́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznátʹ",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "призна́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznavátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "признава́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "priznátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "призна́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soznavátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сознава́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soznátʹsja",
"sense": "declare openly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "созна́ться"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "aidich"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "confesar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "admitir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "reconocer"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "bekänna"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "erkänna"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "itiraf etmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "açıkça söylemek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "declare openly",
"word": "ilan etmek"
}
],
"word": "avow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wekʷ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ",
"Rhymes:English/aʊ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "avowen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English avowen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "avouer"
},
"expansion": "Old French avouer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "advoco",
"4": "advocare",
"5": "to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate"
},
"expansion": "Latin advocare (“to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "advoke",
"3": "avouch",
"4": "advocate"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of advoke, avouch, and advocate",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English avowen, from Old French avouer, from Latin advocare (“to call to, call upon, hence to call as a witness, defender, patron, or advocate”), from ad (“to”) + vocare (“to call”). Doublet of advoke, avouch, and advocate. Not related to vow.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "avow",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Twelfth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "without thy Knowledge and Avow",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"avowal"
],
"links": [
[
"avowal",
"avowal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) avowal"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈvaʊ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-avow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/98/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-avow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊ"
}
],
"word": "avow"
}
Download raw JSONL data for avow meaning in English (12.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.