See attestation in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "attestation clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "coattestation"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "nonattestation"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "attestation"
},
"expansion": "Middle French attestation",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "attestātiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin attestātiō",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "attest",
"3": "-ation",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, attest + -ation",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French attestation, from Latin attestātiō; by surface analysis, attest + -ation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "attestations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "attestation (countable and uncountable, plural attestations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"at‧tes‧ta‧tion"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "attestative"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "attested"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "attestive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 8 35 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 5 42 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 9 35 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
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"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 10 37 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "29 22 33 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 4 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation."
],
"id": "en-attestation-en-noun-5frvjAo2",
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear"
],
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
],
[
"authenticate",
"authenticate"
],
[
"validation",
"validation"
],
[
"verification",
"verification"
],
[
"documentation",
"documentation"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "potvǎrždenie",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "потвърждение"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "todiste"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestation"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bestätigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beweis"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beleg"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "martyría",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαρτυρία"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "tanúsítás"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "hitelesítés"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "igazolás"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "bizonyítás"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "govâh",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "گواه"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šâhed",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "شاهد"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "świadectwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zaświadczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "atest"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "certyfikat"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestação"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adeverire"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "confirmare"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podtverždénije",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подтвержде́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zasvidételʹstvovanije",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "засвиде́тельствование"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestación"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 2 14 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidtvérdžennja",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "підтве́рдження"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 22 33 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A confirmation or authentication."
],
"id": "en-attestation-en-noun-sx0C93BN",
"links": [
[
"confirmation",
"confirmation"
],
[
"authentication",
"authentication"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "potvǎrždenie",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "потвърждение"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaverka",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "заверка"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestace"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "potvrzení"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "přezkoušení"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "otestování"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "todistus"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestation"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zeugnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bestätigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ausweis"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Urkunde"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nachweis"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "martyría",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαρτυρία"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epivevaíosi",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιβεβαίωση"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "tanúsítvány"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "hitelesítés"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "igazolás"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zaświadczenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "atest"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestação"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "autentificare"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "atestare"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podtverždénije",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подтвержде́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestación"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 89 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidtvérdžennja",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "підтве́рдження"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Business",
"orig": "en:Business",
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"Society",
"Social sciences",
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"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Finance",
"orig": "en:Finance",
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"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
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},
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],
"glosses": [
"The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization."
],
"id": "en-attestation-en-noun-B1fM9YuZ",
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"accountant",
"accountant"
],
[
"auditor",
"auditor"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(business, finance) The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 1 87 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "atestacija",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"word": "атестация"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 87 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"word": "lausunto"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 87 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beglaubigung"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 87 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"word": "hitelesítés"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 1 87 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "attestácija",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "аттеста́ция"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "en:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972, Indian Linguistics, volumes 33-34, Linguistic Society of India, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 237:",
"text": "A historical dictionary cannot do this though it cannot also neglect this aspect because the attestation of a rare meaning is bound to be very limited.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1987, Paul Wexler, Explorations in Judeo-Slavic Linguistics, →ISBN, page 125:",
"text": "The eastern-most attestation of Sl skola in the meaning of synagogue appears to be in Smolensk Russian.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Roger Lass, Historical Linguistics and Language Change, page 23:",
"text": "So something must have been developing over long periods empty of attestation; and whatever it was, it must (by principles to be discussed in the next section) have been a language of the usual kind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Ingo Plag with Maria Braun, Sabine Lappe, and Mareile Schramm, Introduction to English Linguistics, page 110:",
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"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Kathryn Allan, “Tracing metonymic polysemy through time: MATERIAL FOR OBJECT mappings in the OED”, in Margaret E. Winters, Heli Tissari, Kathryn Allan, editors, Historical Cognitive Linguistics, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 176:",
"text": "Furthermore, the first attestations given in the OED are not always the earliest attestations in print; since the first edition was finished in 1928, many earlier and later examples have been identified, and these will be incorporated into the third edition, currently underway (see Durkin 2002 for a discussion of how much this is likely to change the dates of attestation in the OED as a whole).",
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},
{
"ref": "2012, Alexander Bergs, English Historical Linguistics, volume 2, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1154:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An appearance in print or otherwise recorded on a permanent medium."
],
"id": "en-attestation-en-noun-Hn1mItoI",
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"in print",
"in print"
],
[
"medium",
"medium"
]
],
"qualifier": "word; word form; or word meaning; word; word form; or word meaning",
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"(linguistics, of a language, word, word form, or word meaning) An appearance in print or otherwise recorded on a permanent medium."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a language"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vkayvacutʻyun",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "վկայվածություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vkayutʻyun",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "վկայություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "attestaatio"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "esiintyminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestation"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beleg"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "adatolás"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "dokumentálás"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "adat"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "előfordulás"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "idézet"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "szöveghely"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "példa"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "illusztráció"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "előfordulási hely"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "documentação"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 3 3 84",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "belägg"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌætɛˈsteɪʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
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{
"ipa": "/ˌætɛˈsteɪʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
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{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Attested language"
],
"word": "attestation"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English links with manual fragments",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms suffixed with -ation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Danish translations",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Norwegian translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪʃən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪʃən/4 syllables",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "attestation clause"
},
{
"word": "coattestation"
},
{
"word": "nonattestation"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "attestation"
},
"expansion": "Middle French attestation",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "attestātiō"
},
"expansion": "Latin attestātiō",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "attest",
"3": "-ation",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "by surface analysis, attest + -ation",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French attestation, from Latin attestātiō; by surface analysis, attest + -ation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "attestations",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "attestation (countable and uncountable, plural attestations)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"at‧tes‧ta‧tion"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "attestative"
},
{
"word": "attested"
},
{
"word": "attestive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation."
],
"links": [
[
"bear",
"bear"
],
[
"witness",
"witness"
],
[
"confirm",
"confirm"
],
[
"authenticate",
"authenticate"
],
[
"validation",
"validation"
],
[
"verification",
"verification"
],
[
"documentation",
"documentation"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A confirmation or authentication."
],
"links": [
[
"confirmation",
"confirmation"
],
[
"authentication",
"authentication"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Business",
"en:Finance"
],
"glosses": [
"The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization."
],
"links": [
[
"business",
"business"
],
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"accountant",
"accountant"
],
[
"auditor",
"auditor"
],
[
"opinion",
"opinion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(business, finance) The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business information of a business, public agency, or other organization."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1972, Indian Linguistics, volumes 33-34, Linguistic Society of India, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 237:",
"text": "A historical dictionary cannot do this though it cannot also neglect this aspect because the attestation of a rare meaning is bound to be very limited.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1987, Paul Wexler, Explorations in Judeo-Slavic Linguistics, →ISBN, page 125:",
"text": "The eastern-most attestation of Sl skola in the meaning of synagogue appears to be in Smolensk Russian.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1997, Roger Lass, Historical Linguistics and Language Change, page 23:",
"text": "So something must have been developing over long periods empty of attestation; and whatever it was, it must (by principles to be discussed in the next section) have been a language of the usual kind.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Ingo Plag with Maria Braun, Sabine Lappe, and Mareile Schramm, Introduction to English Linguistics, page 110:",
"text": "For each word, the date of its first attestation in the English language, as documented in the Oxford English Dictionary, and its frequency of occurrence in the British National Corpus are given.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Kathryn Allan, “Tracing metonymic polysemy through time: MATERIAL FOR OBJECT mappings in the OED”, in Margaret E. Winters, Heli Tissari, Kathryn Allan, editors, Historical Cognitive Linguistics, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 176:",
"text": "Furthermore, the first attestations given in the OED are not always the earliest attestations in print; since the first edition was finished in 1928, many earlier and later examples have been identified, and these will be incorporated into the third edition, currently underway (see Durkin 2002 for a discussion of how much this is likely to change the dates of attestation in the OED as a whole).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Alexander Bergs, English Historical Linguistics, volume 2, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1154:",
"text": "In the first edition this is generally chronological, i.e. following the earliest date of attestation for each sense",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An appearance in print or otherwise recorded on a permanent medium."
],
"links": [
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"in print",
"in print"
],
[
"medium",
"medium"
]
],
"qualifier": "word; word form; or word meaning; word; word form; or word meaning",
"raw_glosses": [
"(linguistics, of a language, word, word form, or word meaning) An appearance in print or otherwise recorded on a permanent medium."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a language"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ˌætɛˈsteɪʃən/",
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},
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪʃən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "potvǎrždenie",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "потвърждение"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "todiste"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bestätigung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beweis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beleg"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "martyría",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαρτυρία"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "tanúsítás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "hitelesítés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "igazolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "bizonyítás"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestazione"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "govâh",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "گواه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "šâhed",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"word": "شاهد"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "świadectwo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zaświadczenie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "atest"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "certyfikat"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adeverire"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "confirmare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podtverždénije",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подтвержде́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zasvidételʹstvovanije",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "засвиде́тельствование"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestación"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidtvérdžennja",
"sense": "something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "підтве́рдження"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "potvǎrždenie",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "потвърждение"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "zaverka",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "заверка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestace"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "potvrzení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "přezkoušení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "otestování"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "todistus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zeugnis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Bestätigung"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ausweis"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Urkunde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nachweis"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "martyría",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μαρτυρία"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "epivevaíosi",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "επιβεβαίωση"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "tanúsítvány"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "hitelesítés"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "igazolás"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zaświadczenie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "atest"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestação"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "autentificare"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"word": "atestare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podtverždénije",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подтвержде́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "atestación"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidtvérdžennja",
"sense": "such a confirmation or authentication",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "підтве́рдження"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "atestacija",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"word": "атестация"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"word": "lausunto"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Beglaubigung"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"word": "hitelesítés"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "attestácija",
"sense": "providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "аттеста́ция"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vkayvacutʻyun",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "վկայվածություն"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vkayutʻyun",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "վկայություն"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "attestaatio"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "esiintyminen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "attestation"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Beleg"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "adatolás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "dokumentálás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "adat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "előfordulás"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "idézet"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "szöveghely"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "példa"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "illusztráció"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"word": "előfordulási hely"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "documentação"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "linguistics: appearance in records",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "belägg"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Attested language"
],
"word": "attestation"
}
Download raw JSONL data for attestation meaning in English (17.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.