See Han in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han character"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han dynasty"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han ideograph"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han letter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han logograph"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han radical"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Han syllable"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "漢",
"tr": "Hàn"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 漢 /汉 (Hàn)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "An early romanization of the Mandarin 漢 /汉 (Hàn), later reinforced by Wade-Giles and pinyin. Originally a river within present-day Shaanxi and Hubei. As a Chinese dynasty, from the founder Liu Bang's short-lived realm in Sichuan and Shaanxi among China's Eighteen Kingdoms, named for the Qin Empire's Hanzhong Commandery, headquartered in a city which also became known as Hanzhong, named for its placement along the middle reaches of the river.\nThe usage for the Chinese ethnicity first appeared during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, claiming the Han dynasty as one of the golden ages of Chinese history.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Han",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "hanzi"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "hanja"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "kanji"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Hán tự"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Chinese character"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Chinese ideograph"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Chinese letter"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Chinese logogram"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Chinese radical"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 34 25",
"word": "Chinese syllable"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 2 2 38 9 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 17 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 29 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bouyei translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 23 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dungan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 18 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 12 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "70 16 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 18 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 21 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 11 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 27 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 29 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 30 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manchu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 5 3 29 14 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 13 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nuosu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 32 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 13 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 29 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 29 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 32 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 28 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zhuang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950, Lubor Hájek, Chinese Art, Czechoslovakia: Spring Books, →OCLC, page 41:",
"text": "According to the hair-dress it is probably that of a woman. There are some 102 slight traces of polychromy on the white slip. Other heads possessing similar qualities were dug up from early Han tombs in Pao-chi district, Shensi Province.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1977, Li Yu-ning, Shang Yang's Reforms and State Control in China, M. E. Sharpe, page xxxiii:",
"text": "The eclectism of political thought during the Han is reflected in Liu Hsiang's evaluation of Shang Yang.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An imperial Chinese dynasty, ruling (with interruptions) from 206 BC to AD 220, marked by the expansion of the Yellow River's Huaxia culture to the recent conquests of the Qin and a flowering of economic, literary, and scientific development"
],
"id": "en-Han-en-name-KL7m5cu9",
"links": [
[
"imperial",
"imperial"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"dynasty",
"dynasty"
],
[
"ruling",
"ruling"
],
[
"interruption",
"interruption"
],
[
"BC",
"BC"
],
[
"AD",
"AD"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"expansion",
"expansion"
],
[
"Yellow River",
"Yellow River"
],
[
"Huaxia",
"Huaxia"
],
[
"culture",
"culture"
],
[
"recent",
"recent"
],
[
"conquest",
"conquest"
],
[
"Qin",
"Qin"
],
[
"flowering",
"flowering"
],
[
"economic",
"economic"
],
[
"literary",
"literary"
],
[
"scientific",
"scientific"
],
[
"development",
"development"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔusrat hān",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "أُسْرَة هَان"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hàn",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢 /汉"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hàncháo",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢朝 /汉朝"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han-dynastia"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dynastie Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han-Dynastie"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "hān rājvañś",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "हान राजवंश"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "hān",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "हान"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"alt": "かん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kan",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"alt": "かんちょう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kanchō",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢朝"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "haan",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "ហាន"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"alt": "漢",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "han",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "한"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hannara",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "한나라"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hanjo",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "한조"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "dynastia Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "han"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Xanʹ",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Хань"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dinástija Xanʹ",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дина́стия Хань"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xen",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "خەن"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "nhà Hán"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 1 11",
"alt": "漢朝",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Hán triều"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 19 7 2 3 5 3 4 4 13 17 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethnicity",
"orig": "en:Ethnicity",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 10 2 4 3 6 4 8 4 15 12 12 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethnonyms",
"orig": "en:Ethnonyms",
"parents": [
"Ethnicity",
"Names",
"People",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1995, Rong Ma, edited by Calvin Goldscheider, Economic Patterns, Migration, and Ethnic Relationships in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China (Population, Ethnicity, and Nation-Building), Westview Press, →ISBN, page 50:",
"text": "Trade was the major economic link between Tibet and other regions in China. Special economic systems (estate, serfdom) made it impossible for Han immigrants to engage in agriculture and animal husbandry in Tibet. The geographic features of the plateau (high elevation, rarefied air, mountains, etc.) limited the volume of trade and migration between Tibet and other regions.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Sheila Hollihan-Elliot, Muslims in China, Mason Crest Publishers, →ISBN, page 55:",
"text": "According to the 2000 census, the Han make up 92 percent of China's population; the minority groups combine for about 8 percent (about 106 million people).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 March 29, Han Guan Ng, Huizhong Wu, Olivia Zhang, “Former Taiwan leader Ma views Sun Yat-sen tomb in China tour”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-28:",
"text": "“The people of both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to the Chinese nation, are children of Yandi and the Yellow Emperor,” he told a group of Chinese and Taiwanese reporters who had been allowed to follow him on the trip, referring to mythical emperors revered as founders of China’s dominant Han ethnicity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Chinese ethnicity, when distinguished from other peoples of the Chinese state"
],
"id": "en-Han-en-name-zceahXhZ",
"links": [
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"ethnicity",
"ethnicity"
],
[
"distinguished",
"distinguished"
],
[
"other",
"other"
],
[
"peoples",
"peoples"
],
[
"state",
"state"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "hān",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "هَان"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qawmiyyat al-hān",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "قَوْمِيَّة اَلْهَان"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "pcc",
"lang": "Bouyei",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Buxhas"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "han",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "хан"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hánci",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ха́нци"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "hanzw",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "ханзў"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "hanřɨn",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "ханжын"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hànzú",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢族 /汉族"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hànrén",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢人 /汉人"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "han-kiinalaisuus"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "Han-Chinesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Chánas",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Χάνας"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Chan",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Χαν"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "hān cīnī",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "हान चीनी"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "hān",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "हान"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"alt": "かんみんぞく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kanminzoku",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢民族"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"alt": "かんぞく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kanzoku",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢族"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "haan",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ហាន"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"alt": "漢族",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hanjok",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "한족"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "nikan",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "nikansa",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨᠰᠠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "nikan uksura",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ii",
"lang": "Nuosu",
"roman": "hxie mgat",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ꉌꈲ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Hanowie"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Chińczycy Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "han"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xanʹ",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "хань"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "xánʹcy",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ха́ньцы"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kitájcy",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "кита́йцы"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ชนชาติฮั่น"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xitay",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "خىتاي"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xenzu",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "خەنزۇ"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"note": "người Hán (người + 漢)",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"alt": "漢族",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Hán tộc"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 82 2",
"code": "za",
"lang": "Zhuang",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Bouxgun"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in China",
"orig": "en:Places in China",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in China",
"orig": "en:Rivers in China",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places",
"Bodies of water",
"Names",
"Landforms",
"Water",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Earth",
"Liquids",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Nature",
"Matter",
"Lemmas",
"Chemistry",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 22 8 1 3 1 14 12 22 1 4 6",
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},
{
"_dis": "2 19 7 2 3 5 3 4 4 13 17 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethnicity",
"orig": "en:Ethnicity",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "topical",
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{
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"Terms by semantic function",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"The Northern Athabaskan language spoken by the Han people, or Hän Hwëch'in, in Alaska and the Yukon."
],
"id": "en-Han-en-name-pCrU8YCx",
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[
"Athabaskan",
"Athabaskan"
],
[
"Hän Hwëch'in",
"Hän Hwëch'in"
],
[
"Alaska",
"Alaska"
],
[
"Yukon",
"Yukon"
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],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"word": "Han-ch'eng"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"word": "Han River"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"word": "Han Solo"
}
]
}
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"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
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},
{
"ipa": "/hɑn/",
"tags": [
"US"
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},
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"enpr": "hän",
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"US"
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},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
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{
"rhymes": "-ɑn"
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],
"wikipedia": [
"Han",
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"word": "Han"
}
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"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
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"Terms with Japanese translations",
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"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Nuosu translations",
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"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Zhuang translations",
"en:Chinese dynasties",
"en:Ethnicity",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:History of China",
"en:Languages"
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{
"word": "Han character"
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{
"word": "Han dynasty"
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{
"word": "Han ideograph"
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{
"word": "Han letter"
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{
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"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "An early romanization of the Mandarin 漢 /汉 (Hàn), later reinforced by Wade-Giles and pinyin. Originally a river within present-day Shaanxi and Hubei. As a Chinese dynasty, from the founder Liu Bang's short-lived realm in Sichuan and Shaanxi among China's Eighteen Kingdoms, named for the Qin Empire's Hanzhong Commandery, headquartered in a city which also became known as Hanzhong, named for its placement along the middle reaches of the river.\nThe usage for the Chinese ethnicity first appeared during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, claiming the Han dynasty as one of the golden ages of Chinese history.",
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{
"word": "hanzi"
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"word": "hanja"
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"word": "Hán tự"
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{
"word": "Chinese character"
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"word": "Chinese ideograph"
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{
"word": "Chinese letter"
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"word": "Chinese logogram"
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"word": "Chinese radical"
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{
"ref": "1950, Lubor Hájek, Chinese Art, Czechoslovakia: Spring Books, →OCLC, page 41:",
"text": "According to the hair-dress it is probably that of a woman. There are some 102 slight traces of polychromy on the white slip. Other heads possessing similar qualities were dug up from early Han tombs in Pao-chi district, Shensi Province.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1977, Li Yu-ning, Shang Yang's Reforms and State Control in China, M. E. Sharpe, page xxxiii:",
"text": "The eclectism of political thought during the Han is reflected in Liu Hsiang's evaluation of Shang Yang.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"An imperial Chinese dynasty, ruling (with interruptions) from 206 BC to AD 220, marked by the expansion of the Yellow River's Huaxia culture to the recent conquests of the Qin and a flowering of economic, literary, and scientific development"
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{
"ref": "1995, Rong Ma, edited by Calvin Goldscheider, Economic Patterns, Migration, and Ethnic Relationships in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China (Population, Ethnicity, and Nation-Building), Westview Press, →ISBN, page 50:",
"text": "Trade was the major economic link between Tibet and other regions in China. Special economic systems (estate, serfdom) made it impossible for Han immigrants to engage in agriculture and animal husbandry in Tibet. The geographic features of the plateau (high elevation, rarefied air, mountains, etc.) limited the volume of trade and migration between Tibet and other regions.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Sheila Hollihan-Elliot, Muslims in China, Mason Crest Publishers, →ISBN, page 55:",
"text": "According to the 2000 census, the Han make up 92 percent of China's population; the minority groups combine for about 8 percent (about 106 million people).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 March 29, Han Guan Ng, Huizhong Wu, Olivia Zhang, “Former Taiwan leader Ma views Sun Yat-sen tomb in China tour”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-28:",
"text": "“The people of both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to the Chinese nation, are children of Yandi and the Yellow Emperor,” he told a group of Chinese and Taiwanese reporters who had been allowed to follow him on the trip, referring to mythical emperors revered as founders of China’s dominant Han ethnicity.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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[
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[
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{
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"en:Rivers in China"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1902 January 5, L. S. Wilcox, “Conditions in Hankow.; American Trade on the Pacific and the far East”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-09-18, ANNUAL, page 23:",
"text": "Hankow, China, is located 600 miles from the coast, on the north bank of the Yang-tse-Kiang River, at its junction with the Han River.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014 September 9, Stian Reklev, Kathy Chen, “Quenching Beijing's thirst may stunt regional growth”, in Michael Perry, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-27, Industry, Materials and Utilities:",
"text": "“By transferring such a significant volume of water away from the Han River Basin, the project is depriving the area of the most basic input it will need to develop in the years and decades to come,” said Britt Crow-Miller, a research assistant professor at Portland State University.[…]\nThe Danjiangkou reservoir gets its water from the Han River, a tributary of the Yangtze River which feeds several major cities in central China such as Wuhan, an economic power house in Hubei province sporting a $144 billion GDP.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A river in central China."
],
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},
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{
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"sense": "dynasty",
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},
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"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢 /汉"
},
{
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"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢朝 /汉朝"
},
{
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"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han-dynastia"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Dynastie Han"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han-Dynastie"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "hān rājvañś",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "हान राजवंश"
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{
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},
{
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"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "漢朝"
},
{
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"roman": "haan",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "ហាន"
},
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"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "한"
},
{
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"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "한나라"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "hanjo",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "한조"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "dynastia Han"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
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"plural"
],
"word": "han"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "Xanʹ",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Хань"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dinástija Xanʹ",
"sense": "dynasty",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дина́стия Хань"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "xen",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "خەن"
},
{
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"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "nhà Hán"
},
{
"alt": "漢朝",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "dynasty",
"word": "Hán triều"
},
{
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"lang": "Arabic",
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"tags": [
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],
"word": "هَان"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "qawmiyyat al-hān",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "قَوْمِيَّة اَلْهَان"
},
{
"code": "pcc",
"lang": "Bouyei",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Buxhas"
},
{
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"lang": "Bulgarian",
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"tags": [
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"masculine"
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"word": "хан"
},
{
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"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ха́нци"
},
{
"code": "dng",
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
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],
"word": "ханзў"
},
{
"code": "dng",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "hanřɨn",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "ханжын"
},
{
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢族 /汉族"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hànrén",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢人 /汉人"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "han-kiinalaisuus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Han"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"code": "de",
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "Han-Chinesen"
},
{
"code": "el",
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Χάνας"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "Chan",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Χαν"
},
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
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{
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"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "hān",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "हान"
},
{
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"word": "漢民族"
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "漢族"
},
{
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ហាន"
},
{
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"lang": "Korean",
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ"
},
{
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"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "nikansa",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨᠰᠠ"
},
{
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"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "nikan uksura",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡠᡴᠰᡠᡵᠠ"
},
{
"code": "ii",
"lang": "Nuosu",
"roman": "hxie mgat",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ꉌꈲ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Hanowie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Chińczycy Han"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Han"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
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"plural"
],
"word": "han"
},
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"masculine"
],
"word": "хань"
},
{
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"plural"
],
"word": "ха́ньцы"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"tags": [
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"plural"
],
"word": "кита́йцы"
},
{
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "ชนชาติฮั่น"
},
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "خىتاي"
},
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "خەنزۇ"
},
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity"
},
{
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"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Hán tộc"
},
{
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"sense": "Chinese ethnicity",
"word": "Bouxgun"
}
],
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],
"word": "Han"
}
{
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"ruler"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The star Zeta Ophiuchi in traditional Chinese astronomy, named for this state"
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"star",
"star"
],
[
"traditional",
"traditional"
],
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The star Zeta Ophiuchi in traditional Chinese astronomy, named for this state"
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 October 14, Wang Shu-fen, Matthew Mazzetta, “Kaohsiung nixes proposal to adopt Hanyu Pinyin street signs”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2020-10-16, Society:",
"text": "In May 2019, former Kaohsiung Mayor Han Kuo-yu (韓國瑜) proposed adopting the Hanyu Pinyin system for the city's street signs at an estimated cost of NT$73 million (US$2.54 million), though the plan was ultimately delayed because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Han left office after losing a recall vote on June 6.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A surname."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "hän",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han"
],
"word": "Han"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Hanyu Pinyin",
"English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"English terms derived from Chinese",
"English terms derived from Hanyu Pinyin",
"English terms derived from Mandarin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æn",
"Rhymes:English/æn/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɑn",
"Rhymes:English/ɑn/1 syllable",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"en:Chinese dynasties",
"en:Ethnicity",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:History of China",
"en:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn-pinyin",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hanyu Pinyin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zh",
"3": "邗",
"tr": "Hán"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 邗 (Hán)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Atonal form of the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 邗 (Hán).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Han",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Hancheng"
},
{
"word": "Hanjiang"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Historical settlements",
"en:History",
"en:Places in China",
"en:Places in Jiangsu"
],
"glosses": [
"A former city in Huai'an, Jiangsu, China"
],
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"Huai'an",
"Huai'an#English"
],
[
"Jiangsu",
"Jiangsu#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A former city in Huai'an, Jiangsu, China"
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Historical polities",
"en:History",
"en:Places in China",
"en:Places in Jiangsu"
],
"glosses": [
"A former state in Jiangsu, China under the Zhou dynasty"
],
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"Jiangsu",
"Jiangsu#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
],
[
"Zhou",
"Zhou"
],
[
"dynasty",
"dynasty"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A former state in Jiangsu, China under the Zhou dynasty"
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:History",
"en:Places in China",
"en:Places in Jiangsu"
],
"glosses": [
"A canal in Jiangsu, China, connecting Hancheng (now Yangzhou) on the Yangtze with Mokou (now Huai'an) on the Huai."
],
"links": [
[
"history",
"history"
],
[
"Jiangsu",
"Jiangsu#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
],
[
"connect",
"connect"
],
[
"Hancheng",
"Hancheng"
],
[
"now",
"now"
],
[
"Yangzhou",
"Yangzhou"
],
[
"Yangtze",
"Yangtze"
],
[
"Mokou",
"Mokou"
],
[
"Huai'an",
"Huai'an"
],
[
"Huai",
"Huai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(history) A canal in Jiangsu, China, connecting Hancheng (now Yangzhou) on the Yangtze with Mokou (now Huai'an) on the Huai."
],
"topics": [
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "hän",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "canal",
"word": "Hangou"
},
{
"sense": "canal",
"word": "Han-kou"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Hán",
"sense": "former city in Jiangsu",
"word": "邗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Hánguó",
"sense": "former state in Jiangsu",
"word": "邗國 /邗国"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Hán",
"sense": "former state in Jiangsu",
"word": "邗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Hángōu",
"sense": "canal in Jiangsu, now mostly part of the Grand Canal",
"word": "邗溝 /邗沟"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han",
"Han (SE Zhou state)"
],
"word": "Han"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Korean",
"English terms derived from Korean",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æn",
"Rhymes:English/æn/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɑn",
"Rhymes:English/ɑn/1 syllable",
"en:Chinese dynasties",
"en:Ethnicity",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:History of China",
"en:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ko",
"3": "한(韓)"
},
"expansion": "Korean 한(韓) (han)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "Han"
},
"expansion": "English Han",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Korean 한(韓) (han). Cognate with English Han (from Mandarin).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Hans",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Hans"
},
"expansion": "Han (plural Hans)",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English surnames from Korean"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname from Korean."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hɑn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑn"
},
{
"ipa": "/hæn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "hän",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑn"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Hahn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han",
"Han (Korean surname)"
],
"word": "Han"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æn",
"Rhymes:English/æn/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ɑn",
"Rhymes:English/ɑn/1 syllable",
"en:Chinese dynasties",
"en:Ethnicity",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:History of China",
"en:Languages"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Han",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Han-ch'eng"
},
{
"word": "Han River"
},
{
"word": "Han Solo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A First Nations people of Canada and an Alaska Native Athabaskan people of the Athabaskan-speaking ethnolinguistic group."
],
"links": [
[
"First Nations",
"First Nations"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The Northern Athabaskan language spoken by the Han people, or Hän Hwëch'in, in Alaska and the Yukon."
],
"links": [
[
"Athabaskan",
"Athabaskan"
],
[
"Hän Hwëch'in",
"Hän Hwëch'in"
],
[
"Alaska",
"Alaska"
],
[
"Yukon",
"Yukon"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hæn/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɑn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "hän",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æn"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑn"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Han",
"Hän language"
],
"word": "Han"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Han meaning in English (22.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.