"頑固" meaning in Chinese

See 頑固 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /wän³⁵ ku⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /waːn²¹ kuː³³/ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Sinological-IPA], /ŋan¹¹ ku⁵⁵/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /ɡuan¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /ɡuan²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /uan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /wän³⁵ ku⁵¹/, /waːn²¹ kuː³³/, /ŋan¹¹ ku⁵⁵/, /ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/, /ɡuan¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/, /ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/, /ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/, /ɡuan²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/, /uan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/ Chinese transliterations: wángù [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄨㄢˊ ㄍㄨˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], waan⁴ gu³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], ngàn-ku [Hakka, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], goân-kò͘, oán-kò͘, wángù [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], wángù [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], wan²-ku⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], wán-gù [Mandarin, Yale], wanguh [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], ваньгу [Mandarin, Palladius], vanʹgu [Mandarin, Palladius], waan⁴ gu³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Jyutping], wàahn gu [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Yale], waan⁴ gu³ [Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong, Pinyin], wan⁴ gu³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization, Guangzhou, Hong-Kong], ngàn-ku [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], nganˇ gu [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], ngan² gu⁴ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], goân-kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], guân-kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], goankox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], oán-kò͘ [Hokkien, POJ], uán-kòo [Hokkien, Tai-lo], oafnkox [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 頑固
  1. stubborn; obstinate
    Sense id: en-頑固-zh-adj-ypAusISW Categories (other): Intermediate Mandarin Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 18 43 39
  2. conservative; traditionalist; diehard
    Sense id: en-頑固-zh-adj-26upI7Kz Categories (other): Intermediate Mandarin Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 18 43 39
  3. (medicine, of illness) persistent; chronic; hard to treat Categories (topical): Medicine
    Sense id: en-頑固-zh-adj-qDmSUL4M Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Intermediate Mandarin Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 5 40 55 Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 18 43 39 Topics: medicine, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 老頑固 (lǎowángù), 老顽固 (lǎowángù), 頑固不化 (wángùbùhuà), 顽固不化 (wángùbùhuà), 頑固派 (wángùpài), 顽固派 (wángùpài)
Synonyms: 乖張 (guāizhāng), 乖张 (guāizhāng), 剺揭 [Hokkien, Quanzhou, Xiamen], 固執, 固执, 執拗, 执拗, 執著 (zhízhuó), 执著 (zhízhuó), 執訣 [Min-Nan], 执诀 [Min-Nan], 悻直 (xìngzhí) [literary], 愚躕 [Min-Nan], 愚蹰 [Min-Nan], 拘執 (jūzhí) [literary], 拘执 (jūzhí) [literary], 拘泥 (jūnì), 確切 (quèqiè) [literary], 确切 (quèqiè) [literary], 耿性 (english: gang2 lhen1) [Taishanese], 蠻皮 (mánpí), 蛮皮 (mánpí), 保守 (bǎoshǒu), 守舊 (shǒujiù), 守旧 (shǒujiù), 閉塞 (bìsè), 闭塞 (bìsè)

Download JSON data for 頑固 meaning in Chinese (8.1kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "bǎoshǒu",
      "word": "保守"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守舊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守旧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "閉塞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "闭塞"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǎowángù",
      "word": "老頑固"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "lǎowángù",
      "word": "老顽固"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "wángùbùhuà",
      "word": "頑固不化"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "wángùbùhuà",
      "word": "顽固不化"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "wángùpài",
      "word": "頑固派"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "wángùpài",
      "word": "顽固派"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "頑固"
          },
          "expansion": "頑固",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "頑%固",
            "2": "がん%こ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "완고(頑固)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "頑固",
            "2": "がん%こ",
            "3": "완고",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "頑固",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "頑固",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "頑%固",
            "v": "頑固",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (頑固):\n* → Japanese: 頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)\n* → Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "がん%こ",
            "3": "완고",
            "j": "頑%固"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (頑固):\n* → Japanese: 頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)\n* → Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (頑固):\n* → Japanese: 頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)\n* → Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "頑固",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 43 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "stubborn; obstinate"
      ],
      "id": "en-頑固-zh-adj-ypAusISW",
      "links": [
        [
          "stubborn",
          "stubborn"
        ],
        [
          "obstinate",
          "obstinate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "18 43 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "conservative; traditionalist; diehard"
      ],
      "id": "en-頑固-zh-adj-26upI7Kz",
      "links": [
        [
          "conservative",
          "conservative"
        ],
        [
          "traditionalist",
          "traditionalist"
        ],
        [
          "diehard",
          "diehard"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Medicine",
          "orig": "zh:Medicine",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 40 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 43 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "persistent; chronic; hard to treat"
      ],
      "id": "en-頑固-zh-adj-qDmSUL4M",
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "persistent",
          "persistent"
        ],
        [
          "chronic",
          "chronic"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "treat",
          "treat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine, of illness) persistent; chronic; hard to treat"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of illness"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wángù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄢˊ ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "waan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngàn-ku"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "goân-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "oán-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wángù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wángù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wan²-ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wán-gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wanguh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ваньгу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "vanʹgu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wän³⁵ ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "waan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàahn gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "waan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waːn²¹ kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngàn-ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nganˇ gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngan² gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋan¹¹ ku⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goân-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guân-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goankox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oán-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "uán-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oafnkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/uan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wän³⁵ ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waːn²¹ kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋan¹¹ ku⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/uan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "guāizhāng",
      "word": "乖張"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "guāizhāng",
      "word": "乖张"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "剺揭"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "固執"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "固执"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "執拗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "执拗"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhízhuó",
      "word": "執著"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "zhízhuó",
      "word": "执著"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "執訣"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "执诀"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "xìngzhí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悻直"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "愚躕"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "愚蹰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "拘執"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "拘执"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "jūnì",
      "word": "拘泥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "quèqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "確切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "quèqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "确切"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "english": "gang2 lhen1",
      "tags": [
        "Taishanese"
      ],
      "word": "耿性"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mánpí",
      "word": "蠻皮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "mánpí",
      "word": "蛮皮"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bǎoshǒu",
      "word": "保守"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守舊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守旧"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "閉塞"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "闭塞"
    }
  ],
  "word": "頑固"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "bǎoshǒu",
      "word": "保守"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守舊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守旧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "閉塞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "闭塞"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "Chinese adjectives",
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Intermediate Mandarin"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "lǎowángù",
      "word": "老頑固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lǎowángù",
      "word": "老顽固"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wángùbùhuà",
      "word": "頑固不化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wángùbùhuà",
      "word": "顽固不化"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wángùpài",
      "word": "頑固派"
    },
    {
      "roman": "wángùpài",
      "word": "顽固派"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "頑固"
          },
          "expansion": "頑固",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "頑%固",
            "2": "がん%こ",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "완고(頑固)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "頑固",
            "2": "がん%こ",
            "3": "완고",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "頑固",
            "j2": "",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "頑固",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "頑%固",
            "v": "頑固",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (頑固):\n* → Japanese: 頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)\n* → Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "がん%こ",
            "3": "완고",
            "j": "頑%固"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (頑固):\n* → Japanese: 頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)\n* → Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (頑固):\n* → Japanese: 頑(がん)固(こ) (ganko)\n* → Korean: 완고(頑固) (wan'go)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "頑固",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stubborn; obstinate"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stubborn",
          "stubborn"
        ],
        [
          "obstinate",
          "obstinate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "conservative; traditionalist; diehard"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "conservative",
          "conservative"
        ],
        [
          "traditionalist",
          "traditionalist"
        ],
        [
          "diehard",
          "diehard"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Medicine"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "persistent; chronic; hard to treat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "medicine",
          "medicine"
        ],
        [
          "persistent",
          "persistent"
        ],
        [
          "chronic",
          "chronic"
        ],
        [
          "hard",
          "hard"
        ],
        [
          "treat",
          "treat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(medicine, of illness) persistent; chronic; hard to treat"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of illness"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wángù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄨㄢˊ ㄍㄨˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "waan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngàn-ku"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "goân-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "oán-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wángù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wángù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wan²-ku⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wán-gù"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wanguh"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ваньгу"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "vanʹgu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wän³⁵ ku⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "waan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wàahn gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "waan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "wan⁴ gu³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waːn²¹ kuː³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong-Kong",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngàn-ku"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "nganˇ gu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ngan² gu⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋan¹¹ ku⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goân-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "guân-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "goankox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oán-kò͘"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "uán-kòo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "oafnkox"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/uan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wän³⁵ ku⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/waːn²¹ kuː³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋan¹¹ ku⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan¹³⁻²² kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡuan²³⁻³³ kɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/uan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kɔ⁴¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "guāizhāng",
      "word": "乖張"
    },
    {
      "roman": "guāizhāng",
      "word": "乖张"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Xiamen"
      ],
      "word": "剺揭"
    },
    {
      "word": "固執"
    },
    {
      "word": "固执"
    },
    {
      "word": "執拗"
    },
    {
      "word": "执拗"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhízhuó",
      "word": "執著"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhízhuó",
      "word": "执著"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "執訣"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "执诀"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xìngzhí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "悻直"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "愚躕"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "愚蹰"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "拘執"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūzhí",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "拘执"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jūnì",
      "word": "拘泥"
    },
    {
      "roman": "quèqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "確切"
    },
    {
      "roman": "quèqiè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "确切"
    },
    {
      "english": "gang2 lhen1",
      "tags": [
        "Taishanese"
      ],
      "word": "耿性"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mánpí",
      "word": "蠻皮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mánpí",
      "word": "蛮皮"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bǎoshǒu",
      "word": "保守"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守舊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "shǒujiù",
      "word": "守旧"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "閉塞"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bìsè",
      "word": "闭塞"
    }
  ],
  "word": "頑固"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.