See 禦 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 禦 meaning in Chinese (5.7kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "形聲",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "形聲／形声",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "御//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *ŋas</span>"
},
"expansion": "御 (OC *ŋas)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "示//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "示",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "御",
"2": "示",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas) : phonetic 御 (OC *ŋas) + semantic 示",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas) : phonetic 御 (OC *ŋas) + semantic 示.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "禦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Han phono-semantic compounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "不憚強禦"
},
{
"word": "不惮强御"
},
{
"word": "不畏強禦"
},
{
"word": "不畏强御"
},
{
"word": "不畏彊禦"
},
{
"word": "不避彊禦"
},
{
"word": "不避强御"
},
{
"roman": "bèiyù",
"word": "備禦"
},
{
"roman": "bèiyù",
"word": "备御"
},
{
"word": "共禦外侮"
},
{
"word": "共御外侮"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuyù",
"word": "守禦"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuyù",
"word": "守御"
},
{
"word": "彊禦"
},
{
"word": "强御"
},
{
"word": "折衝禦侮"
},
{
"word": "折冲御侮"
},
{
"roman": "dǐyù",
"word": "抵禦"
},
{
"roman": "dǐyù",
"word": "抵御"
},
{
"roman": "hànyù",
"word": "捍禦"
},
{
"roman": "hànyù",
"word": "捍御"
},
{
"word": "擋禦"
},
{
"word": "挡御"
},
{
"roman": "yùwǔ",
"word": "禦侮"
},
{
"roman": "yùwǔ",
"word": "御侮"
},
{
"word": "禦寇"
},
{
"word": "御寇"
},
{
"roman": "yùhán",
"word": "禦寒"
},
{
"roman": "yùhán",
"word": "御寒"
},
{
"roman": "yùdí",
"word": "禦敵"
},
{
"roman": "yùdí",
"word": "御敌"
},
{
"roman": "fángyù",
"word": "防禦"
},
{
"roman": "fángyù",
"word": "防御"
},
{
"roman": "fángyùzhàn",
"word": "防禦戰"
},
{
"roman": "fángyùzhàn",
"word": "防御战"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to defend against",
"roman": "fángyù",
"text": "防禦／防御",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to resist",
"roman": "dǐyù",
"text": "抵禦／抵御",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The love and protection of the people; with this there is no power which can prevent a ruler from attaining to it.",
"ref": "保民而王，莫之能禦也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "保民而王，莫之能御也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nBǎo mín ér wàng, mò zhī néng yù yě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to defend, to resist, to hold out against"
],
"id": "en-禦-zh-character-VqPcEgIe",
"links": [
[
"defend",
"defend"
],
[
"resist",
"resist"
],
[
"hold out",
"hold out"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄩˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyu⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gīr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ghe⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yü⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "юй"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "juj"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jy⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yu⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gīr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "gi"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gṳ̆"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngjoX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*m-qʰ(r)aʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ŋaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ŋas/"
},
{
"other": "/ gū /"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ³⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*m-qʰ(r)aʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*ŋaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*ŋas/"
}
],
"word": "禦"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "不憚強禦"
},
{
"word": "不惮强御"
},
{
"word": "不畏強禦"
},
{
"word": "不畏强御"
},
{
"word": "不畏彊禦"
},
{
"word": "不避彊禦"
},
{
"word": "不避强御"
},
{
"roman": "bèiyù",
"word": "備禦"
},
{
"roman": "bèiyù",
"word": "备御"
},
{
"word": "共禦外侮"
},
{
"word": "共御外侮"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuyù",
"word": "守禦"
},
{
"roman": "shǒuyù",
"word": "守御"
},
{
"word": "彊禦"
},
{
"word": "强御"
},
{
"word": "折衝禦侮"
},
{
"word": "折冲御侮"
},
{
"roman": "dǐyù",
"word": "抵禦"
},
{
"roman": "dǐyù",
"word": "抵御"
},
{
"roman": "hànyù",
"word": "捍禦"
},
{
"roman": "hànyù",
"word": "捍御"
},
{
"word": "擋禦"
},
{
"word": "挡御"
},
{
"roman": "yùwǔ",
"word": "禦侮"
},
{
"roman": "yùwǔ",
"word": "御侮"
},
{
"word": "禦寇"
},
{
"word": "御寇"
},
{
"roman": "yùhán",
"word": "禦寒"
},
{
"roman": "yùhán",
"word": "御寒"
},
{
"roman": "yùdí",
"word": "禦敵"
},
{
"roman": "yùdí",
"word": "御敌"
},
{
"roman": "fángyù",
"word": "防禦"
},
{
"roman": "fángyù",
"word": "防御"
},
{
"roman": "fángyùzhàn",
"word": "防禦戰"
},
{
"roman": "fángyùzhàn",
"word": "防御战"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "形聲",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "形聲／形声",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "御//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *ŋas</span>"
},
"expansion": "御 (OC *ŋas)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "示//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "示",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "御",
"2": "示",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas) : phonetic 御 (OC *ŋas) + semantic 示",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ŋaʔ, *ŋas) : phonetic 御 (OC *ŋas) + semantic 示.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "禦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese verbs",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Han phono-semantic compounds",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien verbs",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Mandarin verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to defend against",
"roman": "fángyù",
"text": "防禦／防御",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to resist",
"roman": "dǐyù",
"text": "抵禦／抵御",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "The love and protection of the people; with this there is no power which can prevent a ruler from attaining to it.",
"ref": "保民而王，莫之能禦也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "保民而王，莫之能御也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version\nBǎo mín ér wàng, mò zhī néng yù yě. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to defend, to resist, to hold out against"
],
"links": [
[
"defend",
"defend"
],
[
"resist",
"resist"
],
[
"hold out",
"hold out"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yu⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄩˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "jyu⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gīr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "gī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "ghe⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "yü⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yù"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "yuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "юй"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "juj"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "yuh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jy⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "yu⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gīr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "gu"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "gī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "gi"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "gṳ̆"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ngjoX"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*m-qʰ(r)aʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ŋaʔ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*ŋas/"
},
{
"other": "/ gū /"
},
{
"ipa": "/y⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jyː²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡu³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡi³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɯ³⁵/"
},
{
"other": "/*m-qʰ(r)aʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*ŋaʔ/"
},
{
"other": "/*ŋas/"
}
],
"word": "禦"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"禦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "禦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"禦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "禦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"禦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "禦",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.