See 刻苦 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "lǎnduò",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “industrious”",
"word": "懶惰"
},
{
"roman": "lǎnduò",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “industrious”",
"word": "懒惰"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "刻苦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 7 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"industrious; assiduous; diligent"
],
"id": "en-刻苦-zh-adj-uFV4hMT~",
"links": [
[
"industrious",
"industrious"
],
[
"assiduous",
"assiduous"
],
[
"diligent",
"diligent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 33 7 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"basic; frugal"
],
"id": "en-刻苦-zh-adj-efLGVeqw",
"links": [
[
"basic",
"basic"
],
[
"frugal",
"frugal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of life) basic; frugal"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of life"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ke² ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hak¹ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khek-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kag⁴ kou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo⁴-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kè-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kehkuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кэку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kɛku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo¹-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kē-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "keku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hāk fú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hak⁷ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "heg¹ fu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khik-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qekqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qiakqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khak khóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiàlì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping"
],
"word": "下力"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "wěiwěi",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亹亹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "lìng-lŏ̤h",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "伶落"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "lag8 loh8",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "力落"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nǔlì",
"word": "努力"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínlì",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤力"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínmiǎn",
"word": "勤勉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínláo",
"word": "勤勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínláo",
"word": "勤劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínfèn",
"word": "勤奮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínfèn",
"word": "勤奋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qínkuài",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "勤快"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "diligent and conscientious",
"roman": "qínkěn",
"word": "勤懇"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "diligent and conscientious",
"roman": "qínkěn",
"word": "勤恳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "勤謹"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "勤谨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hardworking and persevering",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "堅苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "hardworking and persevering",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "坚苦"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bājié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巴劫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bāba-jiējiē",
"tags": [
"regional"
],
"word": "巴巴結結"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "bāba-jiējiē",
"tags": [
"regional"
],
"word": "巴巴结结"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "急計"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "急计"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yònggōng",
"word": "用功"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fa3 hen6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "發狠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "fa3 hen6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "发狠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nàiláo",
"word": "耐勞"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nàiláo",
"word": "耐劳"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "骨力"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zǐxì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Northeastern"
],
"word": "仔細"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zǐxì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Northeastern"
],
"word": "仔细"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "做人家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Hsinchu & Taichung Hokkien",
"roman": "jiǎn",
"word": "儉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "Hsinchu & Taichung Hokkien",
"roman": "jiǎn",
"word": "俭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "thrifty and simple",
"roman": "jiǎnpǔ",
"word": "儉樸"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "thrifty and simple",
"roman": "jiǎnpǔ",
"word": "俭朴"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǎnshěng",
"word": "儉省"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǎnshěng",
"word": "俭省"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǎnyuē",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "儉約"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǎnyuē",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "俭约"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kèjǐ",
"word": "克己"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "抾拾"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pǔsù",
"word": "樸素"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pǔsù",
"word": "朴素"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shěngjiǎn",
"word": "省儉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shěngjiǎn",
"word": "省俭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiéjiǎn",
"word": "節儉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiéjiǎn",
"word": "节俭"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiéshěng",
"word": "節省"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiéshěng",
"word": "节省"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiéyuē",
"word": "節約"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiéyuē",
"word": "节约"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "簡省"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "简省"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "粒積"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "粒积"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "𧺤儉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "𧺤俭"
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "刻苦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 42 51 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to study hard",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "kèkǔ xuéxí",
"text": "刻苦學習",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to study hard",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "kèkǔ xuéxí",
"text": "刻苦学习",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"industriously; assiduously; diligently; hard"
],
"id": "en-刻苦-zh-adv-H75Fl8N-",
"links": [
[
"industriously",
"industriously"
],
[
"assiduously",
"assiduously"
],
[
"diligently",
"diligently"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ke² ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hak¹ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khek-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kag⁴ kou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo⁴-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kè-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kehkuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кэку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kɛku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo¹-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kē-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "keku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hāk fú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hak⁷ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "heg¹ fu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khik-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qekqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qiakqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khak khóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/"
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "刻苦",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 2 42 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 7 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 37 51 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 42 51 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to treat harshly"
],
"id": "en-刻苦-zh-verb-bw9LoEOY",
"links": [
[
"treat",
"treat"
],
[
"harshly",
"harshly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) to treat harshly"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kēdài",
"word": "苛待"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ke² ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hak¹ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khek-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kag⁴ kou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo⁴-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kè-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kehkuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кэку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kɛku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo¹-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kē-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "keku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hāk fú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hak⁷ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "heg¹ fu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khik-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qekqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qiakqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khak khóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/"
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "lǎnduò",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “industrious”",
"word": "懶惰"
},
{
"roman": "lǎnduò",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “industrious”",
"word": "懒惰"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 刻",
"Chinese terms spelled with 苦",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "刻苦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"industrious; assiduous; diligent"
],
"links": [
[
"industrious",
"industrious"
],
[
"assiduous",
"assiduous"
],
[
"diligent",
"diligent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"basic; frugal"
],
"links": [
[
"basic",
"basic"
],
[
"frugal",
"frugal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of life) basic; frugal"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of life"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ke² ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hak¹ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khek-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kag⁴ kou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo⁴-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kè-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kehkuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кэку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kɛku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo¹-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kē-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "keku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hāk fú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hak⁷ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "heg¹ fu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khik-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qekqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qiakqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khak khóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "xiàlì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Muping"
],
"word": "下力"
},
{
"roman": "wěiwěi",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "亹亹"
},
{
"roman": "lìng-lŏ̤h",
"tags": [
"Eastern",
"Min"
],
"word": "伶落"
},
{
"roman": "lag8 loh8",
"tags": [
"Teochew"
],
"word": "力落"
},
{
"roman": "nǔlì",
"word": "努力"
},
{
"roman": "qínlì",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"literary"
],
"word": "勤力"
},
{
"roman": "qínmiǎn",
"word": "勤勉"
},
{
"roman": "qínláo",
"word": "勤勞"
},
{
"roman": "qínláo",
"word": "勤劳"
},
{
"roman": "qínfèn",
"word": "勤奮"
},
{
"roman": "qínfèn",
"word": "勤奋"
},
{
"roman": "qínkuài",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "勤快"
},
{
"english": "diligent and conscientious",
"roman": "qínkěn",
"word": "勤懇"
},
{
"english": "diligent and conscientious",
"roman": "qínkěn",
"word": "勤恳"
},
{
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "勤謹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "勤谨"
},
{
"english": "hardworking and persevering",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "堅苦"
},
{
"english": "hardworking and persevering",
"roman": "jiānkǔ",
"word": "坚苦"
},
{
"roman": "bājié",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "巴劫"
},
{
"roman": "bāba-jiējiē",
"tags": [
"regional"
],
"word": "巴巴結結"
},
{
"roman": "bāba-jiējiē",
"tags": [
"regional"
],
"word": "巴巴结结"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "急計"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou-Hokkien"
],
"word": "急计"
},
{
"roman": "yònggōng",
"word": "用功"
},
{
"roman": "fa3 hen6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "發狠"
},
{
"roman": "fa3 hen6",
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "发狠"
},
{
"roman": "nàiláo",
"word": "耐勞"
},
{
"roman": "nàiláo",
"word": "耐劳"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Puxian-Min"
],
"word": "骨力"
},
{
"roman": "zǐxì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Northeastern"
],
"word": "仔細"
},
{
"roman": "zǐxì",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Northeastern"
],
"word": "仔细"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "做人家"
},
{
"alt": "Hsinchu & Taichung Hokkien",
"roman": "jiǎn",
"word": "儉"
},
{
"alt": "Hsinchu & Taichung Hokkien",
"roman": "jiǎn",
"word": "俭"
},
{
"english": "thrifty and simple",
"roman": "jiǎnpǔ",
"word": "儉樸"
},
{
"english": "thrifty and simple",
"roman": "jiǎnpǔ",
"word": "俭朴"
},
{
"roman": "jiǎnshěng",
"word": "儉省"
},
{
"roman": "jiǎnshěng",
"word": "俭省"
},
{
"roman": "jiǎnyuē",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "儉約"
},
{
"roman": "jiǎnyuē",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "俭约"
},
{
"roman": "kèjǐ",
"word": "克己"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "抾拾"
},
{
"roman": "pǔsù",
"word": "樸素"
},
{
"roman": "pǔsù",
"word": "朴素"
},
{
"roman": "shěngjiǎn",
"word": "省儉"
},
{
"roman": "shěngjiǎn",
"word": "省俭"
},
{
"roman": "jiéjiǎn",
"word": "節儉"
},
{
"roman": "jiéjiǎn",
"word": "节俭"
},
{
"roman": "jiéshěng",
"word": "節省"
},
{
"roman": "jiéshěng",
"word": "节省"
},
{
"roman": "jiéyuē",
"word": "節約"
},
{
"roman": "jiéyuē",
"word": "节约"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "簡省"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "简省"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "粒積"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "粒积"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "𧺤儉"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "𧺤俭"
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 刻",
"Chinese terms spelled with 苦",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "刻苦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to study hard",
"raw_tags": [
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "kèkǔ xuéxí",
"text": "刻苦學習",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
9,
13
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
2
]
],
"english": "to study hard",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "kèkǔ xuéxí",
"text": "刻苦学习",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"industriously; assiduously; diligently; hard"
],
"links": [
[
"industriously",
"industriously"
],
[
"assiduously",
"assiduously"
],
[
"diligently",
"diligently"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ke² ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hak¹ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khek-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kag⁴ kou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo⁴-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kè-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kehkuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кэку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kɛku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo¹-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kē-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "keku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hāk fú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hak⁷ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "heg¹ fu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khik-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qekqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qiakqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khak khóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/"
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 刻",
"Chinese terms spelled with 苦",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "刻苦",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"to treat harshly"
],
"links": [
[
"treat",
"treat"
],
[
"harshly",
"harshly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) to treat harshly"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin",
"Sichuanese"
],
"zh-pron": "ke² ku³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "hak¹ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khek-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khó͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kag⁴ kou²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜˋ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kèkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo⁴-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kè-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kehkuu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "кэку"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "kɛku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kēkǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄜ ㄎㄨˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻo¹-kʻu³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "kē-kǔ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "kekuu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Latinxua-Sin-Wenz",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "keku"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Chengdu",
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hāk fú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "hak⁷ fu²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "heg¹ fu²"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khik-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qekqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Min-Nan"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khiak-khóo"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qiakqor"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Min-Nan",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "khak khóu"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɤ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɛ²¹ kʰu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɐk̚⁵ fuː³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰɔ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰak̚²⁻⁴ kʰou⁵²⁻²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kēdài",
"word": "苛待"
}
],
"word": "刻苦"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 刻苦 meaning in Chinese (15.8kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺'",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%8B%A4%E5%8B%9E'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%84%89%E7%9C%81'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"刻苦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "刻苦",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (e937b02 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.