See wald on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for wald meaning in All languages combined (33.8kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "walden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English walden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wealdan",
"4": "",
"5": "to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about"
},
"expansion": "Old English wealdan (“to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*waldan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *waldan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to reign"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldaną (“to reign”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*waldʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "walten",
"3": "",
"4": "to prevail, reign, dominate"
},
"expansion": "German walten (“to prevail, reign, dominate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "volde",
"3": "",
"4": "to cause"
},
"expansion": "volde (“to cause”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "valda",
"3": "",
"4": "to cause"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic valda (“to cause”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "valda",
"3": "",
"4": "land property"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian valda (“land property”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "valdyti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rule"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian valdyti (“to rule”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English walden, from Old English wealdan (“to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about”), from Proto-West Germanic *waldan, from Proto-Germanic *waldaną (“to reign”), from Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”).\nCognates\nCognate with German walten (“to prevail, reign, dominate”), Danish volde (“to cause”), Icelandic valda (“to cause”), Lithuanian valda (“land property”), Lithuanian valdyti (“to rule”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "walding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "walded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "walded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wald (third-person singular simple present walds, present participle walding, simple past and past participle walded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 31 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To govern; inherit."
],
"id": "en-wald-en-verb-53e3Jazs",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"govern",
"govern"
],
[
"inherit",
"inherit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal, transitive, intransitive) To govern; inherit."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɔːld/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːld"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wald.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "wauld"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wald"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wald",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "iwald"
},
"expansion": "iwald",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "weald",
"4": "",
"5": "power, authority"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald (“power, authority”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldą",
"4": "",
"5": "power"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldą (“power”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*waldʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gewalt",
"3": "",
"4": "force, power, control, violence"
},
"expansion": "German Gewalt (“force, power, control, violence”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "våld",
"3": "",
"4": "force, violence"
},
"expansion": "Swedish våld (“force, violence”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wald, iwald, from Old English weald (“power, authority”), from Proto-Germanic *waldą (“power”), from Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”). Cognate with German Gewalt (“force, power, control, violence”), Swedish våld (“force, violence”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wald (plural walds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "wield"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 31 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Power; strength."
],
"id": "en-wald-en-noun-Nplubi13",
"links": [
[
"Power",
"power"
],
[
"strength",
"strength"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) Power; strength."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "35 31 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Command; control; possession."
],
"id": "en-wald-en-noun-CmN2rSOL",
"links": [
[
"Command",
"command"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"possession",
"possession"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) Command; control; possession."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɔːld/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːld"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wald.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "wauld"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "",
"4": "wald",
"5": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English wald",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "weald",
"4": "",
"5": "high land covered with wood, woods, forest"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "wald",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Wald",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫllr"
},
"expansion": "vǫllr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "vøllur"
},
"expansion": "vøllur",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "voll"
},
"expansion": "voll",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "völlur"
},
"expansion": "völlur",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wald, from Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”), from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old High German wald (German Wald) and Old Norse vǫllr (Faroese vøllur, Norwegian voll, Icelandic völlur).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wald (plural walds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1812, Walter Scott, Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, Digitized edition, page 124",
"text": "… we still recognize the ancient traditions of the Goths, concerning the wald-elven,…",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1853, Robert Simpson, History of Sanquhar, page 16",
"text": "the romantic pass of the \"wald path,\" along which runs a spur of an old Roman road",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1857, George Bradshaw, Bradshaw's illustrated hand-book to Switzerland and the Tyrol, Digitized edition, published 2006, page 1",
"text": "MARDEN and STAPLEHURST—All this part of the line, through the Weald of Kent, i.e., the wald or forest, which still prevails here.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forest; woods."
],
"id": "en-wald-en-noun-l5jR3fEO",
"links": [
[
"Forest",
"forest"
],
[
"woods",
"woods"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "weald"
},
{
"word": "wold"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɔːld/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːld"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wald.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "wauld"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wold",
"3": "weald",
"4": "wald"
},
"expansion": "English: wold, weald, wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wold, weald, wald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "Scots: wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: wald"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "weald",
"4": "",
"5": "high land covered with wood, woods, forest"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”), from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "walden",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wald",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl1": "waldis",
"pl2": "walden"
},
"expansion": "wald (plural walds or walden)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1225, St. Margaret of Antioch",
"text": "Þe wurmes & te wilde deor ... o þis wald wunieð.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1275, Layamon, Brut",
"text": "Ȝif æi mon hine mihte ifinden uppe þissere wælden, ...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1330, Sir Tristrem",
"text": "Beliagog in þat nede Fond him riche wald To fine.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1450, Wars of Alexander",
"text": "Was nouthire waldis in þar walke ne watir to fynde.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wood (wooded area), forest"
],
"id": "en-wald-enm-noun-4HHFtJX8",
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wæld"
},
{
"word": "wold"
},
{
"word": "wolde"
},
{
"word": "walde"
},
{
"word": "weld"
},
{
"word": "welde"
}
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vold"
},
"expansion": "Danish: vold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: vold"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "non",
"3": "vald"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vald",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse vald, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wald",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"force, violence"
],
"id": "en-wald-gmq-oda-noun-AGcu8rwP",
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wold"
}
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "walt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: walt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: walt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Woid",
"3": "Woold"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Woid, Woold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Woid, Woold"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "balt"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: balt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: balt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": "bòlt"
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno: bòlt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mòcheno: bòlt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Wald",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "widely obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(widely obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Wald (widely obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Wal"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "German: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "Wald",
"3": "Wall"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: Wald, Wall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: Wald, Wall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Frankfurterisch: [valt]"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "וואַלד"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: וואַלד (vald)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: וואַלד (vald)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫllr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vǫllr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old English weald, Old Norse vǫllr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wald m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wald m",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old High German entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "goh",
"name": "Forests",
"orig": "goh:Forests",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forest"
],
"id": "en-wald-goh-noun-YZoszxJs",
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈwald]"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wôlt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld\nDutch Low Saxon: woold, woud\nGerman Low German: Woolt, Woold, Wold\nPlautdietsch: Woolt",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld\nDutch Low Saxon: woold, woud\nGerman Low German: Woolt, Woold, Wold\nPlautdietsch: Woolt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫllr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vǫllr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old English weald, Old Norse vǫllr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "walde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "wald m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wald"
},
"name": "osx-decl-noun-a-m"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "osx",
"name": "Forests",
"orig": "osx:Forests",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forest"
],
"id": "en-wald-osx-noun-YZoszxJs",
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɑlˌd/"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald"
},
"expansion": "Old English: weald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: weald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: wald"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "English: wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wald"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "walt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: walt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: walt"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂welh₁-",
"id": "rule"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*waldan"
},
"expansion": "*waldan",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *waldą. Deverbal noun from the root of *waldan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*wald n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wald",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 27 23 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old English: ġeweald",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "iwald"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Dutch: gewout, gewelt",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "geweld"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"tags": [
"German",
"Pennsylvania"
],
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"roman": "gevald",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "געװאַלד"
},
{
"roman": "gevalt",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "געוואַלט"
},
{
"roman": "gvald",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "גװאַלד"
},
{
"roman": "gvalt",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "גוואַלט"
}
],
"glosses": [
"might, power, authority, force"
],
"id": "en-wald-gmw-pro-noun-gmw_pro:power",
"links": [
[
"might",
"might"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:power"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Catalan: herald"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Danish: herold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Irish: aralt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Italian: araldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "Middle French: herault"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "herautFrench: héraut→ Portuguese: arauto→ Spanish: heraldo"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Middle Dutch: heraut",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "heraut"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "Frankish: *-wald",
"word": "→ Medieval Latin: -aldus"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldaz",
"id": "wielder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "valdr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse valdr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *waldaz. Cognate with Old Norse valdr of the same meaning.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*wald m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wald",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 27 23 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 22 22 32 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 22 20 33 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "Middle High German",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Herold"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"english": "smug, proud (of one's appearance or clothing)",
"sense": "Spanish: faraute (“presenter (of the beginning of a comedy)”)",
"word": "→ French: faraudLouisiana Creole: faraud"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Old Swedish: härold; Swedish",
"word": "härold"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Middle English: herald, herauld, heraud",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "herald"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "⇒ Old French: cucuault→ Middle English: cokewold"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cokewald"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cukewald"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cukeweld"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cokwoldEnglish: cuckold→ Irish: cucól"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "Middle French: -aud",
"tags": [
"French"
],
"word": "-aud"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wielder"
],
"id": "en-wald-gmw-pro-noun-gmw_pro:wielder",
"links": [
[
"wielder",
"wielder"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:wielder"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"ruler, leader"
],
"id": "en-wald-gmw-pro-noun-gmw_pro:ruler",
"links": [
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:ruler"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald",
"id": "powerful"
},
"expansion": "Old English: weald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: weald"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldaz",
"id": "powerful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "valdr#Adjective",
"3": "valdr",
"4": "causing, guilty of"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse valdr (“causing, guilty of”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *waldaz. Cognate with Old Norse valdr (“causing, guilty of”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*wald",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wald",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 27 23 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"powerful, mighty"
],
"id": "en-wald-gmw-pro-adj-gmw_pro:powerful",
"links": [
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"mighty",
"mighty"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:powerful"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 27 23 32 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"english": "enormous",
"sense": "Old High German; Middle High German",
"word": "gewalt"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reigning, ruling, having authority"
],
"id": "en-wald-gmw-pro-adj-ojf3Gb9v",
"links": [
[
"reigning",
"reigning"
],
[
"ruling",
"ruling"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːld",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːld/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "walden"
},
"expansion": "Middle English walden",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "wealdan",
"4": "",
"5": "to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about"
},
"expansion": "Old English wealdan (“to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*waldan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *waldan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldaną",
"4": "",
"5": "to reign"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldaną (“to reign”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*waldʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "walten",
"3": "",
"4": "to prevail, reign, dominate"
},
"expansion": "German walten (“to prevail, reign, dominate”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "volde",
"3": "",
"4": "to cause"
},
"expansion": "volde (“to cause”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "valda",
"3": "",
"4": "to cause"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic valda (“to cause”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "valda",
"3": "",
"4": "land property"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian valda (“land property”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "valdyti",
"3": "",
"4": "to rule"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian valdyti (“to rule”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English walden, from Old English wealdan (“to rule, control, determine, direct, command, govern, possess, wield, exercise, cause, bring about”), from Proto-West Germanic *waldan, from Proto-Germanic *waldaną (“to reign”), from Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”).\nCognates\nCognate with German walten (“to prevail, reign, dominate”), Danish volde (“to cause”), Icelandic valda (“to cause”), Lithuanian valda (“land property”), Lithuanian valdyti (“to rule”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "walding",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "walded",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "walded",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wald (third-person singular simple present walds, present participle walding, simple past and past participle walded)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To govern; inherit."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"govern",
"govern"
],
[
"inherit",
"inherit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal, transitive, intransitive) To govern; inherit."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɔːld/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːld"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wald.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "wauld"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːld",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːld/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "wald"
},
"expansion": "Middle English wald",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "iwald"
},
"expansion": "iwald",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "weald",
"4": "",
"5": "power, authority"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald (“power, authority”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldą",
"4": "",
"5": "power"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldą (“power”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*waldʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gewalt",
"3": "",
"4": "force, power, control, violence"
},
"expansion": "German Gewalt (“force, power, control, violence”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "våld",
"3": "",
"4": "force, violence"
},
"expansion": "Swedish våld (“force, violence”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wald, iwald, from Old English weald (“power, authority”), from Proto-Germanic *waldą (“power”), from Proto-Indo-European *waldʰ- (“to be strong, be powerful, prevail, possess”). Cognate with German Gewalt (“force, power, control, violence”), Swedish våld (“force, violence”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wald (plural walds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "wield"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Power; strength."
],
"links": [
[
"Power",
"power"
],
[
"strength",
"strength"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) Power; strength."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Command; control; possession."
],
"links": [
[
"Command",
"command"
],
[
"control",
"control"
],
[
"possession",
"possession"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK dialectal) Command; control; possession."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɔːld/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːld"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wald.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "wauld"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːld",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːld/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "",
"4": "wald",
"5": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English wald",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "weald",
"4": "",
"5": "high land covered with wood, woods, forest"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "wald",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Wald",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫllr"
},
"expansion": "vǫllr",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "vøllur"
},
"expansion": "vøllur",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "voll"
},
"expansion": "voll",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "völlur"
},
"expansion": "völlur",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English wald, from Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”), from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old High German wald (German Wald) and Old Norse vǫllr (Faroese vøllur, Norwegian voll, Icelandic völlur).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "wald (plural walds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "weald"
},
{
"word": "wold"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1812, Walter Scott, Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, Digitized edition, page 124",
"text": "… we still recognize the ancient traditions of the Goths, concerning the wald-elven,…",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1853, Robert Simpson, History of Sanquhar, page 16",
"text": "the romantic pass of the \"wald path,\" along which runs a spur of an old Roman road",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1857, George Bradshaw, Bradshaw's illustrated hand-book to Switzerland and the Tyrol, Digitized edition, published 2006, page 1",
"text": "MARDEN and STAPLEHURST—All this part of the line, through the Weald of Kent, i.e., the wald or forest, which still prevails here.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forest; woods."
],
"links": [
[
"Forest",
"forest"
],
[
"woods",
"woods"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/wɔːld/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːld"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-wald.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b0/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-wald.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "wauld"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wold",
"3": "weald",
"4": "wald"
},
"expansion": "English: wold, weald, wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wold, weald, wald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "Scots: wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: wald"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "weald",
"4": "",
"5": "high land covered with wood, woods, forest"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English weald (“high land covered with wood, woods, forest”), from Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "walds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "walden",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wald",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl1": "waldis",
"pl2": "walden"
},
"expansion": "wald (plural walds or walden)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1225, St. Margaret of Antioch",
"text": "Þe wurmes & te wilde deor ... o þis wald wunieð.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1275, Layamon, Brut",
"text": "Ȝif æi mon hine mihte ifinden uppe þissere wælden, ...",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1330, Sir Tristrem",
"text": "Beliagog in þat nede Fond him riche wald To fine.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "1450, Wars of Alexander",
"text": "Was nouthire waldis in þar walke ne watir to fynde.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wood (wooded area), forest"
],
"links": [
[
"wood",
"wood"
],
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wæld"
},
{
"word": "wold"
},
{
"word": "wolde"
},
{
"word": "walde"
},
{
"word": "weld"
},
{
"word": "welde"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "vold"
},
"expansion": "Danish: vold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: vold"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "non",
"3": "vald"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vald",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse vald, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "wald",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Danish",
"lang_code": "gmq-oda",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Danish lemmas",
"Old Danish nouns",
"Old Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Old Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Danish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Old Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"force, violence"
],
"links": [
[
"force",
"force"
],
[
"violence",
"violence"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wold"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "walt"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: walt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: walt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gsw",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Alemannic German: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "swg",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Swabian: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swabian: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Woid",
"3": "Woold"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Woid, Woold",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Woid, Woold"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cim",
"2": "balt"
},
"expansion": "Cimbrian: balt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cimbrian: balt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mhn",
"2": "bòlt"
},
"expansion": "Mòcheno: bòlt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mòcheno: bòlt"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Wald",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "widely obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(widely obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Wald (widely obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hrx",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "Hunsrik: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hunsrik: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Wal"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Wal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Wal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Wald"
},
"expansion": "German: Wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Wald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-rfr",
"2": "Wald",
"3": "Wall"
},
"expansion": "Rhine Franconian: Wald, Wall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Rhine Franconian: Wald, Wall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Frankfurterisch: [valt]"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "וואַלד"
},
"expansion": "Yiddish: וואַלד (vald)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yiddish: וואַלד (vald)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫllr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vǫllr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old English weald, Old Norse vǫllr.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "wald m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "wald m",
"name": "goh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Old High German entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Old High German lemmas",
"Old High German masculine nouns",
"Old High German nouns",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old High German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"goh:Forests"
],
"glosses": [
"forest"
],
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈwald]"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "wôlt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld\nDutch Low Saxon: woold, woud\nGerman Low German: Woolt, Woold, Wold\nPlautdietsch: Woolt",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: wôlt, wôld\nDutch Low Saxon: woold, woud\nGerman Low German: Woolt, Woold, Wold\nPlautdietsch: Woolt"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*walþu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *walþu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*walþuz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *walþuz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald"
},
"expansion": "Old English weald",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "vǫllr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse vǫllr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *walþu, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz, whence also Old English weald, Old Norse vǫllr.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "walde",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "wald m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wald"
},
"name": "osx-decl-noun-a-m"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Saxon a-stem nouns",
"Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Saxon entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Old Saxon lemmas",
"Old Saxon masculine nouns",
"Old Saxon nouns",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Saxon terms with IPA pronunciation",
"osx:Forests"
],
"glosses": [
"forest"
],
"links": [
[
"forest",
"forest"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈwɑlˌd/"
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"Old Norse links with redundant alt parameters",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂welh₁- (rule)",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old English: ġeweald",
"tags": [
"English",
"Middle"
],
"word": "iwald"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Dutch: gewout, gewelt",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "geweld"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"tags": [
"Luxembourgish"
],
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt",
"tags": [
"German",
"Pennsylvania"
],
"word": "Gewalt"
},
{
"roman": "gevald",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "געװאַלד"
},
{
"roman": "gevalt",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "געוואַלט"
},
{
"roman": "gvald",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "גװאַלד"
},
{
"roman": "gvalt",
"sense": "Middle High German: gewalt; Yiddish",
"word": "גוואַלט"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald"
},
"expansion": "Old English: weald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: weald"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: wald"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "wald"
},
"expansion": "English: wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: wald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*wald"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *wald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *wald"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "walt"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: walt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: walt"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂welh₁-",
"id": "rule"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*waldan"
},
"expansion": "*waldan",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *waldą. Deverbal noun from the root of *waldan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Neuter a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*wald n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wald",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Society",
"gmw-pro:Strength"
],
"glosses": [
"might, power, authority, force"
],
"links": [
[
"might",
"might"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"force",
"force"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:power"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"Old Norse links with redundant alt parameters",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Catalan: herald"
},
{
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Danish: herold"
},
{
"sense": "→ Middle Dutch: heraut",
"tags": [
"Dutch"
],
"word": "heraut"
},
{
"sense": "Middle High German",
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "Herold"
},
{
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Irish: aralt"
},
{
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "→ Italian: araldo"
},
{
"english": "smug, proud (of one's appearance or clothing)",
"sense": "Spanish: faraute (“presenter (of the beginning of a comedy)”)",
"word": "→ French: faraudLouisiana Creole: faraud"
},
{
"sense": "→ Old Swedish: härold; Swedish",
"word": "härold"
},
{
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "Middle French: herault"
},
{
"sense": "Old French: heralt, heraut, hiraut",
"word": "herautFrench: héraut→ Portuguese: arauto→ Spanish: heraldo"
},
{
"sense": "→ Middle English: herald, herauld, heraud",
"tags": [
"English"
],
"word": "herald"
},
{
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "⇒ Old French: cucuault→ Middle English: cokewold"
},
{
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cokewald"
},
{
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cukewald"
},
{
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cukeweld"
},
{
"sense": "→ Old French: -alt, -ault, -ald, -aud",
"word": "cokwoldEnglish: cuckold→ Irish: cucól"
},
{
"sense": "Middle French: -aud",
"tags": [
"French"
],
"word": "-aud"
},
{
"sense": "Frankish: *-wald",
"word": "→ Medieval Latin: -aldus"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldaz",
"id": "wielder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "valdr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse valdr",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *waldaz. Cognate with Old Norse valdr of the same meaning.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*wald m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wald",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:People"
],
"glosses": [
"wielder"
],
"links": [
[
"wielder",
"wielder"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:wielder"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Leaders",
"gmw-pro:Monarchy"
],
"glosses": [
"ruler, leader"
],
"links": [
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:ruler"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse links with manual fragments",
"Old Norse links with redundant alt parameters",
"Proto-West Germanic a-stem adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic adjectives",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "enormous",
"sense": "Old High German; Middle High German",
"word": "gewalt"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "weald",
"id": "powerful"
},
"expansion": "Old English: weald",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: weald"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*waldaz",
"id": "powerful"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *waldaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "valdr#Adjective",
"3": "valdr",
"4": "causing, guilty of"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse valdr (“causing, guilty of”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *waldaz. Cognate with Old Norse valdr (“causing, guilty of”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldanā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "wald",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldumē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "waldē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldeʀō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "waldum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "*wald",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/wald",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"powerful, mighty"
],
"links": [
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"mighty",
"mighty"
]
],
"senseid": [
"gmw-pro:powerful"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gmw-pro:Monarchy"
],
"glosses": [
"reigning, ruling, having authority"
],
"links": [
[
"reigning",
"reigning"
],
[
"ruling",
"ruling"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "wald"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.