"vy-" meaning in All languages combined

See vy- on Wiktionary

Prefix [Czech]

Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vy-. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|cs|sla-pro|*vy-|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *vy-, {{inh+|cs|sla-pro|*vy-}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vy- Head templates: {{head|cs|prefix}} vy-
  1. a prefix, often indicating the perfective aspect Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-vy--cs-prefix-S9CCnprs Categories (other): Czech entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Czech entries with incorrect language header: 72 4 24
  2. out of (opposite of v- + "into") Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-vy--cs-prefix-sQxjrgTt Categories (other): Czech terms prefixed with v-
  3. (as an imperfective verb) (often used with se) intensification: added to mean very much, with more or less positive result Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-vy--cs-prefix-c973QjvD
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: vý-
Derived forms: vybalit, vybouchnout, vybrat, vyčlenit, vychladit, vyhlásit, vyjasnit, vykácet, vykasat, vykastrovat, vykázat, vyklidit, vykloubit, vykonat, vykopat, vylákat, vylít, vylízat, vyložit, vymáchat, vymámit, vymést, vyměnit, vyměřit, vymýtit, vymluvit, vynalézt, vyplnit, vypnout, vypovědět, vypovídat, vypracovat, vyprat, vysát, vyšít, vyslat, vyslovit, vysmát, vysmrkat, vystavit, vystoupit, vystudovat, vystydnout, vytrhnout, vytrvat, vytřískat, využít, vyvést, vyvézt, vyvrátit, vyvstat, vyzpovídat, vyzvat, vyžádat, vyžebrat, vyžít

Prefix [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ū́, from Proto-Indo-European *úd. The *y < *ū is a result of Winter's law. Judging by the dictionaries, there is no attested Baltic cognates and adverb/preposition **vy. Etymology templates: {{root|ine-pro|ine-pro|*úd-}}, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*ū́}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *ū́, {{inh|sla-pro|ine-pro|*úd}} Proto-Indo-European *úd, {{m|sla-pro||**vy}} **vy Head templates: {{head|sla-pro|prefix}} *vy-
  1. out Wikipedia link: Winter's law Tags: morpheme, reconstruction Related terms: jьz, jьz-, vъz, vъz-, u, u-, vy (english: you), orz-, uditi, vymę

Prefix [Swahili]

Audio: Sw-ke-vy.flac [Kenya] Forms: ch- [singular]
Etymology: From vi- before a vowel. Head templates: {{head|sw|prefix|singular|ch-}} vy- (singular ch-)
  1. form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words
    [[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-vy--sw-prefix-MVobRmPW Categories (other): Swahili entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Swahili entries with incorrect language header: 50 11 39
  2. form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words
    impersonal adjective agreement prefix
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-vy--sw-prefix-IvyMhKrw
  3. form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words
    Forms adverbs of manner from declinable adjectives.
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en-vy--sw-prefix-XF1cdo4k

Download JSON data for vy- meaning in All languages combined (10.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vybalit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vybouchnout"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vybrat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyčlenit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vychladit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyhlásit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyjasnit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykácet"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykasat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykastrovat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykázat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyklidit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykloubit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykonat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vykopat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vylákat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vylít"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vylízat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyložit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vymáchat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vymámit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vymést"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyměnit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyměřit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vymýtit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vymluvit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vynalézt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyplnit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vypnout"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vypovědět"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vypovídat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vypracovat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyprat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vysát"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyšít"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyslat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyslovit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vysmát"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vysmrkat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vystavit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vystoupit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vystudovat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vystydnout"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vytrhnout"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vytrvat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vytřískat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "využít"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyvést"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyvézt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyvrátit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyvstat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyzpovídat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyzvat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyžádat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyžebrat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vyžít"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*vy-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vy-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*vy-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vy-",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vy-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "vy-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "vý-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "72 4 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a prefix, often indicating the perfective aspect"
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--cs-prefix-S9CCnprs",
      "links": [
        [
          "prefix",
          "prefix#English"
        ],
        [
          "perfective aspect",
          "perfective aspect#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Czech terms prefixed with v-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "out of (opposite of v- + \"into\")"
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--cs-prefix-sQxjrgTt",
      "links": [
        [
          "out of",
          "out of"
        ],
        [
          "v-",
          "v-#Czech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vy- + truchlit (“grieve”) → vytruchlit se (“have enough time to grieve”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vy- + lyžovat (“ski”) → vylyžovat se (“do a lot of skiing”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(often used with se) intensification: added to mean very much, with more or less positive result"
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--cs-prefix-c973QjvD",
      "links": [
        [
          "imperfective",
          "imperfective"
        ],
        [
          "se",
          "se#Czech"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(as an imperfective verb) (often used with se) intensification: added to mean very much, with more or less positive result"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "as an imperfective verb"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "vy-"
}

{
  "etymology_text": "From vi- before a vowel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ch-",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sw",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "singular",
        "4": "ch-"
      },
      "expansion": "vy- (singular ch-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swahili",
  "lang_code": "sw",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "50 11 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "rooms",
          "text": "vyumba",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "good things",
          "text": "vitu vyema",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words",
        "[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix"
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--sw-prefix-MVobRmPW",
      "links": [
        [
          "vi-",
          "vi-#Swahili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It is nice to thank them.",
          "text": "Ni vyema kuwashukuru.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words",
        "impersonal adjective agreement prefix"
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--sw-prefix-IvyMhKrw",
      "links": [
        [
          "vi-",
          "vi-#Swahili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vy- + -ema (“nice”) → vyema (“nicely”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words",
        "Forms adverbs of manner from declinable adjectives."
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--sw-prefix-XF1cdo4k",
      "links": [
        [
          "vi-",
          "vi-#Swahili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Sw-ke-vy.flac",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Sw-ke-vy.flac/Sw-ke-vy.flac.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Sw-ke-vy.flac/Sw-ke-vy.flac.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Kenya)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vy-"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "вꙑ-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: вꙑ- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: вꙑ- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "вы-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: вы- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: вы- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "вы-"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: вы- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: вы- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ви-"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: ви- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: ви- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "вы-"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: вы- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: вы- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "вꙑ-",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: вꙑ- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: вꙑ- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰲⱏⰹ-",
            "sc": "Glag",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⱏⰹ- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⱏⰹ- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "vy-"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: vy-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: vy-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "voi-"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: voi-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: voi-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "wy-"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: wy-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: wy-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "vy-"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: vy-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: vy-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "wu-"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: wu-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: wu-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "wu-"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: wu-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: wu-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*úd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ū́"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ū́",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*úd"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *úd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "**vy"
      },
      "expansion": "**vy",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ū́, from Proto-Indo-European *úd. The *y < *ū is a result of Winter's law.\nJudging by the dictionaries, there is no attested Baltic cognates and adverb/preposition **vy.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "*vy-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vy-",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *úd-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "out"
      ],
      "id": "en-vy--sla-pro-prefix-diBpvAem",
      "links": [
        [
          "out",
          "out"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "jьz"
        },
        {
          "word": "jьz-"
        },
        {
          "word": "vъz"
        },
        {
          "word": "vъz-"
        },
        {
          "word": "u"
        },
        {
          "word": "u-"
        },
        {
          "english": "you",
          "word": "vy"
        },
        {
          "word": "orz-"
        },
        {
          "word": "uditi"
        },
        {
          "word": "vymę"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Winter's law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "vy-"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
    "Czech lemmas",
    "Czech prefixes",
    "Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "vybalit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vybouchnout"
    },
    {
      "word": "vybrat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyčlenit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vychladit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyhlásit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyjasnit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykácet"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykasat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykastrovat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykázat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyklidit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykloubit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykonat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vykopat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vylákat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vylít"
    },
    {
      "word": "vylízat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyložit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vymáchat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vymámit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vymést"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyměnit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyměřit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vymýtit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vymluvit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vynalézt"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyplnit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vypnout"
    },
    {
      "word": "vypovědět"
    },
    {
      "word": "vypovídat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vypracovat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyprat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vysát"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyšít"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyslat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyslovit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vysmát"
    },
    {
      "word": "vysmrkat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vystavit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vystoupit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vystudovat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vystydnout"
    },
    {
      "word": "vytrhnout"
    },
    {
      "word": "vytrvat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vytřískat"
    },
    {
      "word": "využít"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyvést"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyvézt"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyvrátit"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyvstat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyzpovídat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyzvat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyžádat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyžebrat"
    },
    {
      "word": "vyžít"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*vy-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vy-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*vy-"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vy-",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vy-.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "vy-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Czech",
  "lang_code": "cs",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "vý-"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a prefix, often indicating the perfective aspect"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prefix",
          "prefix#English"
        ],
        [
          "perfective aspect",
          "perfective aspect#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Czech terms prefixed with v-"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "out of (opposite of v- + \"into\")"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "out of",
          "out of"
        ],
        [
          "v-",
          "v-#Czech"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vy- + truchlit (“grieve”) → vytruchlit se (“have enough time to grieve”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "vy- + lyžovat (“ski”) → vylyžovat se (“do a lot of skiing”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "(often used with se) intensification: added to mean very much, with more or less positive result"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "imperfective",
          "imperfective"
        ],
        [
          "se",
          "se#Czech"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(as an imperfective verb) (often used with se) intensification: added to mean very much, with more or less positive result"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "as an imperfective verb"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "vy-"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "вꙑ-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: вꙑ- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: вꙑ- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "вы-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: вы- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: вы- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "вы-"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: вы- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: вы- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ви-"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: ви- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: ви- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "вы-"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: вы- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: вы- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "вꙑ-",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: вꙑ- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Cyrillic script: вꙑ- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "ⰲⱏⰹ-",
            "sc": "Glag",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⱏⰹ- (vy-)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Glagolitic script: ⰲⱏⰹ- (vy-)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "vy-"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: vy-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: vy-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "voi-"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: voi-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: voi-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "wy-"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: wy-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: wy-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "vy-"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: vy-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: vy-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "wu-"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: wu-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: wu-"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "wu-"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: wu-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: wu-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*úd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*ū́"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *ū́",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*úd"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *úd",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "**vy"
      },
      "expansion": "**vy",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ū́, from Proto-Indo-European *úd. The *y < *ū is a result of Winter's law.\nJudging by the dictionaries, there is no attested Baltic cognates and adverb/preposition **vy.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "prefix"
      },
      "expansion": "*vy-",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vy-",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "jьz"
    },
    {
      "word": "jьz-"
    },
    {
      "word": "vъz"
    },
    {
      "word": "vъz-"
    },
    {
      "word": "u"
    },
    {
      "word": "u-"
    },
    {
      "english": "you",
      "word": "vy"
    },
    {
      "word": "orz-"
    },
    {
      "word": "uditi"
    },
    {
      "word": "vymę"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Indo-European terms belonging to the root *úd-",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic prefixes",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "out"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "out",
          "out"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Winter's law"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "vy-"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Swahili entries with incorrect language header",
    "Swahili lemmas",
    "Swahili prefixes",
    "Swahili terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From vi- before a vowel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ch-",
      "tags": [
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sw",
        "2": "prefix",
        "3": "singular",
        "4": "ch-"
      },
      "expansion": "vy- (singular ch-)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swahili",
  "lang_code": "sw",
  "pos": "prefix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Swahili terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "rooms",
          "text": "vyumba",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "good things",
          "text": "vitu vyema",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words",
        "[[Appendix:Swahili_noun_classes#Ki-vi class|vi class_((VIII))]] noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vi-",
          "vi-#Swahili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Swahili terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It is nice to thank them.",
          "text": "Ni vyema kuwashukuru.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words",
        "impersonal adjective agreement prefix"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vi-",
          "vi-#Swahili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "vy- + -ema (“nice”) → vyema (“nicely”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "form of vi- used before a vowel in certain words",
        "Forms adverbs of manner from declinable adjectives."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vi-",
          "vi-#Swahili"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Sw-ke-vy.flac",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Sw-ke-vy.flac/Sw-ke-vy.flac.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6a/Sw-ke-vy.flac/Sw-ke-vy.flac.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Kenya"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Kenya)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "vy-"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.