"jьz" meaning in All languages combined

See jьz on Wiktionary

Preposition [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, *iś, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”). Cognates with Lithuanian iš (dialectally iž), Latvian iz, Old Prussian is. Etymology templates: {{cog|ine-bsl-pro|*iź}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, {{m|ine-bsl-pro|*iś}} *iś, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*eḱs}} Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, {{m|ine-pro|*eǵʰs}} *eǵʰs, {{m|ine-pro|*h₁eǵʰs|t=out of}} *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”), {{cog|lt|iš}} Lithuanian iš, {{m|lt|iž}} iž, {{cog|lv|iz}} Latvian iz, {{cog|prg|is}} Old Prussian is Head templates: {{head|sla-pro|preposition|cat2=|head=|sort=}} *jьz
  1. (+ genitive) from, out of Wikipedia link: Marko Snoj, Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction, with-genitive Synonyms: *otъ, *vy (alt: d) Derived forms: jьz zadъ (english: out of the back), jьz perdъ (english: out of the front), jьz podъ (english: out of the bottom), jьz nadъ (english: out of the top), jьz otъ (english: out of) Related terms: vъz, uz (english: by, up, atop of) Related terms (*e (“emphatic particle”)): ejь (english: this (emphatic)), ovъ (english: this (demonstative)), i (english: and) [locative], ju (english: besides) [dative], ě (english: let; old instrumental)

Download JSON data for jьz meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "изъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: изъ (izŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: изъ (izŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "изъ",
            "3": "исъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: изъ (iz), исъ (is)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: изъ (iz), исъ (is)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "з",
            "3": "зо"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: з (z), зо (zo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: з (z), зо (zo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "из"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: из (yz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: из (yz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "з",
            "3": "із"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: з (z), із (iz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: з (z), із (iz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "из",
            "3": "изо"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: из (iz), изо (izo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: из (iz), изо (izo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "из",
            "3": "изъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "из"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: из (iz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: из (iz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "из",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: из",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: из"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "iz",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: iz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: iz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "iz",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: iz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iz"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "z"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: z, ze\nCzech: z",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: z, ze\nCzech: z"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "z",
            "id": "from"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: z, s, se, ze\nMasurian: z\nPolish: z\nSilesian: z",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: z, s, se, ze\nMasurian: z\nPolish: z\nSilesian: z"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "z",
            "3": "zo"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: z, zo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: z, zo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "z",
            "alts": "1",
            "id": "from"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: z, ze, zez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: z, ze, zez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "sê",
            "alts": "1",
            "id": "from"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: sê",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: sê"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "z",
            "3": "ze"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: z, ze",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: z, ze"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "z",
            "3": "ze"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: z, ze",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: z, ze"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*iź"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*iś"
      },
      "expansion": "*iś",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*eḱs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eḱs",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*eǵʰs"
      },
      "expansion": "*eǵʰs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₁eǵʰs",
        "t": "out of"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₁eǵʰs (“out of”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "iš"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian iš",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "iž"
      },
      "expansion": "iž",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "iz"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian iz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "is"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian is",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, *iś, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”). Cognates with Lithuanian iš (dialectally iž), Latvian iz, Old Prussian is.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "preposition",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*jьz",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьz",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "alt": "n",
          "word": "*vъ"
        },
        {
          "alt": "n",
          "word": "*kъ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "out of the back",
          "word": "jьz zadъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "out of the front",
          "word": "jьz perdъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "out of the bottom",
          "word": "jьz podъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "out of the top",
          "word": "jьz nadъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "out of",
          "word": "jьz otъ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "from, out of"
      ],
      "id": "en-jьz-sla-pro-prep-pl8a7cvP",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "out of",
          "out of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(+ genitive) from, out of"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "this (emphatic)",
          "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
          "word": "ejь"
        },
        {
          "english": "this (demonstative)",
          "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
          "word": "ovъ"
        },
        {
          "english": "and",
          "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
          "tags": [
            "locative"
          ],
          "word": "i"
        },
        {
          "english": "besides",
          "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
          "tags": [
            "dative"
          ],
          "word": "ju"
        },
        {
          "english": "let; old instrumental",
          "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
          "word": "ě"
        },
        {
          "word": "vъz"
        },
        {
          "english": "by, up, atop of",
          "word": "uz"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*otъ"
        },
        {
          "alt": "d",
          "word": "*vy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "with-genitive"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jьz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "out of the back",
      "word": "jьz zadъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "out of the front",
      "word": "jьz perdъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "out of the bottom",
      "word": "jьz podъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "out of the top",
      "word": "jьz nadъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "out of",
      "word": "jьz otъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "изъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: изъ (izŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: изъ (izŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "изъ",
            "3": "исъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: изъ (iz), исъ (is)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: изъ (iz), исъ (is)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "з",
            "3": "зо"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: з (z), зо (zo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: з (z), зо (zo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "из"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: из (yz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: из (yz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "з",
            "3": "із"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: з (z), із (iz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: з (z), із (iz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "из",
            "3": "изо"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: из (iz), изо (izo)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: из (iz), изо (izo)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cu",
            "2": "из",
            "3": "изъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic: из (iz), изъ (izŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "из"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: из (iz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: из (iz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "из",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: из",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: из"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "iz",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: iz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: iz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "iz",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: iz",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "iz"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: iz (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "z"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: z, ze\nCzech: z",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: z, ze\nCzech: z"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "z",
            "id": "from"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: z, s, se, ze\nMasurian: z\nPolish: z\nSilesian: z",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: z, s, se, ze\nMasurian: z\nPolish: z\nSilesian: z"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "z",
            "3": "zo"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: z, zo",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: z, zo"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "z",
            "alts": "1",
            "id": "from"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: z, ze, zez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: z, ze, zez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "sê",
            "alts": "1",
            "id": "from"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: sê",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: sê"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "z",
            "3": "ze"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: z, ze",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: z, ze"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "z",
            "3": "ze"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: z, ze",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: z, ze"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*iź"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*iś"
      },
      "expansion": "*iś",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*eḱs"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *eḱs",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*eǵʰs"
      },
      "expansion": "*eǵʰs",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₁eǵʰs",
        "t": "out of"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₁eǵʰs (“out of”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "iš"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian iš",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "iž"
      },
      "expansion": "iž",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "iz"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian iz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "prg",
        "2": "is"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Prussian is",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iź, *iś, from Proto-Indo-European *eḱs, *eǵʰs, *h₁eǵʰs (“out of”). Cognates with Lithuanian iš (dialectally iž), Latvian iz, Old Prussian is.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "preposition",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*jьz",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьz",
  "pos": "prep",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "this (emphatic)",
      "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
      "word": "ejь"
    },
    {
      "english": "this (demonstative)",
      "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
      "word": "ovъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "and",
      "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
      "tags": [
        "locative"
      ],
      "word": "i"
    },
    {
      "english": "besides",
      "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
      "tags": [
        "dative"
      ],
      "word": "ju"
    },
    {
      "english": "let; old instrumental",
      "sense": "*e (“emphatic particle”)",
      "word": "ě"
    },
    {
      "word": "vъz"
    },
    {
      "english": "by, up, atop of",
      "word": "uz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "alt": "n",
          "word": "*vъ"
        },
        {
          "alt": "n",
          "word": "*kъ"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Slovene quotations with omitted translation",
        "Slovene terms with quotations",
        "Undetermined quotations with omitted translation",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "from, out of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "out of",
          "out of"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(+ genitive) from, out of"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*otъ"
        },
        {
          "alt": "d",
          "word": "*vy"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "with-genitive"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Marko Snoj",
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "jьz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.