See themselves on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "them",
"3": "selves"
},
"expansion": "them + -selves",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically them + -selves.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "of they",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"20": "",
"3": "third-person",
"4": "",
"5": "reflexive of",
"6": "they",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "themselves (third-person, reflexive of they)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "reflexive of",
"2": "they",
"desc": "third-person"
},
"expansion": "themselves (third-person, reflexive of they)",
"name": "en-pron"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"them‧selves"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "Ime"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "me"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "myselfmemysen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "mine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "mymineme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "we"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "us"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ourselvesourselfoursen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ours"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "our"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "you"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "yourselfyoursen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "yoursyourn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "your"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thou"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thyselftheeselfthysen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "thine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "thythine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "youye"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "yourselves"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "you ally'all you guys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "y'allselves"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "y'all's you guys' your guys'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"proscribed"
],
"word": "y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "he"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "him"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "himselfhisselfhissen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "hishisn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "his"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "she"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "her"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "herselfhersen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "hershern"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ithit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "itselfhitself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "itshis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "itshishits"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "they"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "them"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "themself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "theirs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "their"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "one"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "oneself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "–"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "one's"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "themhem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "'em"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "themselvestheirsen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "theirstheirn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English reflexive pronouns",
"parents": [
"Reflexive pronouns",
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English grammar appendices",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English plural pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English third person pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(reflexively):\nThey’ve hurt themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(after a preposition):\nThey fought among themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(for emphasis):\nThey are going to try climbing Mount Everest themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "The preposterous altruism too![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun. The group of people, animals, or objects previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"id": "en-themselves-en-pron-7HSKjEsW",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they#English"
],
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) The reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun. The group of people, animals, or objects previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English reflexive pronouns",
"parents": [
"Reflexive pronouns",
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English grammar appendices",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "English plural pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -selves",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English third person pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(reflexively):\nWould whoever stole my phone please make themselves known.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(after a preposition):\nI don't want anyone to fight among themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(for emphasis):\nEveryone must do it themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Philippians 2:3:",
"text": "Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 18:",
"text": "In fact she was so busy doing all the things that anyone might, who finds themselves alone in an empty house, that she did not notice at first when it began to turn dusk and the rooms to grow dim.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The reflexive case of they, the third-person singular personal pronoun. The single person previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"id": "en-themselves-en-pron-yZFxr1z0",
"links": [
[
"they",
"they#English"
],
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) The reflexive case of they, the third-person singular personal pronoun. The single person previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ðɛmˈsɛlvz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ðəmˈsɛlvz/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-themselves.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/En-us-themselves.ogg/En-us-themselves.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/En-us-themselves.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlvz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "'emselves"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "theirselves"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "non-gender-specific",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "themself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "non-gender-specific, but nonstandard",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "theirself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "himself"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "gender-specific",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "herself"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sjabjé",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive"
],
"word": "сябе́"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sabjé",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"dative",
"locative"
],
"word": "сабе́"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sabój",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
],
"word": "сабо́й"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"note": "verb ending",
"roman": "-cca",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "-цца"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sebe si",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "себе си"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "es"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "他們自己"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tāmen zìjǐ",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "他们自己"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "itsensä"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "itseään"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "ihteään"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "ihtiään"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "keskenään"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "itse"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "sich"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "maguk"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "magukat"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karera-jishin",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "彼ら自身"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "postarı",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "постары"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "ipsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "tʼáá hó"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "iežaska du"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "iežaset"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "seg"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"prepositional"
],
"word": "si"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "pen"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "rmf",
"lang": "Kalo Finnish Romani",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "peen"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sebjá",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "себя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "bottarı",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "боттары"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sebé",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "себе́"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "beyelere",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "бэйэлэрэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "janý sámi",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "яны́ са́мі"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "samite",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "самите"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "sami"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "samy"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "samy"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "sama"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eux-mêmes"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "elles-mêmes"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "viņi paši"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "viņas pašas"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "ieža"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "sami"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "pl",
"english": "masculine inanimate and all other genders",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "same"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eles mesmos"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elas mesmas"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oní sámi",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "они́ са́ми"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "oni sami"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "ony same"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ellos mismos"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ellas mismas"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "voný samý",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "вони́ сами́"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "voný samí",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "вони́ самі́"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "mateixos"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "他們自己"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tāmen zìjǐ",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "他们自己"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itsensä"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itseään"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itselleen"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itse"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ite"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "önmaguk"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "önmagukat"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karera-jishin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "彼ら自身"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ipsos"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ipsas"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ipsa"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sebjá",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "себя́"
},
{
"_dis1": "48 52",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "okis"
}
],
"word": "themselves"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English grammar appendices",
"English lemmas",
"English plural pronouns",
"English pronouns",
"English terms suffixed with -selves",
"English third person pronouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlvz",
"Rhymes:English/ɛlvz/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kalo Finnish Romani translations",
"Terms with Khakas translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romani translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tuvan translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Yakut translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "them",
"3": "selves"
},
"expansion": "them + -selves",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Morphologically them + -selves.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "of they",
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "pronoun",
"20": "",
"3": "third-person",
"4": "",
"5": "reflexive of",
"6": "they",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "themselves (third-person, reflexive of they)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "reflexive of",
"2": "they",
"desc": "third-person"
},
"expansion": "themselves (third-person, reflexive of they)",
"name": "en-pron"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"them‧selves"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "Ime"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "myselfmemysen"
},
{
"word": "mine"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "mymineme"
},
{
"word": "we"
},
{
"word": "us"
},
{
"word": "ourselvesourselfoursen"
},
{
"word": "ours"
},
{
"word": "our"
},
{
"word": "you"
},
{
"word": "yourselfyoursen"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "yoursyourn"
},
{
"word": "your"
},
{
"word": "thou"
},
{
"word": "thee"
},
{
"word": "thyselftheeselfthysen"
},
{
"word": "thine"
},
{
"tags": [
"before-vowel"
],
"word": "thythine"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "youye"
},
{
"word": "yourselves"
},
{
"word": "you ally'all you guys"
},
{
"word": "y'allselves"
},
{
"tags": [
"proscribed"
],
"word": "y'all's you guys' your guys'"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard",
"proscribed"
],
"word": "y'all's your all's you guys' your guys'"
},
{
"word": "he"
},
{
"word": "him"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "himselfhisselfhissen"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "hishisn"
},
{
"word": "his"
},
{
"word": "she"
},
{
"word": "her"
},
{
"word": "herselfhersen"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "hershern"
},
{
"word": "ithit"
},
{
"word": "itselfhitself"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "itshis"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "itshishits"
},
{
"word": "they"
},
{
"word": "them"
},
{
"word": "themself"
},
{
"word": "theirs"
},
{
"word": "their"
},
{
"word": "one"
},
{
"word": "oneself"
},
{
"word": "–"
},
{
"word": "one's"
},
{
"word": "themhem"
},
{
"word": "'em"
},
{
"word": "themselvestheirsen"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
],
"word": "theirstheirn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive pronouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(reflexively):\nThey’ve hurt themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(after a preposition):\nThey fought among themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(for emphasis):\nThey are going to try climbing Mount Everest themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XVI, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "The preposterous altruism too![…]Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun. The group of people, animals, or objects previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they#English"
],
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) The reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun. The group of people, animals, or objects previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English reflexive pronouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "(reflexively):\nWould whoever stole my phone please make themselves known.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(after a preposition):\nI don't want anyone to fight among themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "(for emphasis):\nEveryone must do it themselves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Philippians 2:3:",
"text": "Let nothing be done through strife or vainglory; but in lowliness of mind let each esteem other better than themselves.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, published 1993, →ISBN, page 18:",
"text": "In fact she was so busy doing all the things that anyone might, who finds themselves alone in an empty house, that she did not notice at first when it began to turn dusk and the rooms to grow dim.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The reflexive case of they, the third-person singular personal pronoun. The single person previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"links": [
[
"they",
"they#English"
],
[
"third-person",
"third person#English"
],
[
"personal pronoun",
"personal pronoun#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) The reflexive case of they, the third-person singular personal pronoun. The single person previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis)."
],
"tags": [
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ðɛmˈsɛlvz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ðəmˈsɛlvz/"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-themselves.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5a/En-us-themselves.ogg/En-us-themselves.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/En-us-themselves.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛlvz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "'emselves"
},
{
"tags": [
"nonstandard"
],
"word": "theirselves"
},
{
"english": "non-gender-specific",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "themself"
},
{
"english": "non-gender-specific, but nonstandard",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "theirself"
},
{
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "himself"
},
{
"english": "gender-specific",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "herself"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sjabjé",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"genitive"
],
"word": "сябе́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sabjé",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"dative",
"locative"
],
"word": "сабе́"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sabój",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
],
"word": "сабо́й"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"note": "verb ending",
"roman": "-cca",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "-цца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sebe si",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "себе си"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "es"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "他們自己"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tāmen zìjǐ",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "他们自己"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "itsensä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "itseään"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "ihteään"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "ihtiään"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "keskenään"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "itse"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "sich"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "maguk"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "magukat"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karera-jishin",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "彼ら自身"
},
{
"code": "kjh",
"lang": "Khakas",
"roman": "postarı",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "постары"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "ipsi"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "tʼáá hó"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "iežaska du"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "iežaset"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "seg"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"tags": [
"prepositional"
],
"word": "si"
},
{
"code": "rom",
"lang": "Romani",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "pen"
},
{
"code": "rmf",
"lang": "Kalo Finnish Romani",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "peen"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sebjá",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "себя́"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "se"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "bottarı",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "боттары"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sebé",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "себе́"
},
{
"code": "sah",
"lang": "Yakut",
"roman": "beyelere",
"sense": "the reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun",
"word": "бэйэлэрэ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "janý sámi",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "яны́ са́мі"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "samite",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "самите"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "sami"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "samy"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "samy"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "sama"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eux-mêmes"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "elles-mêmes"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "viņi paši"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "viņas pašas"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "ieža"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "sami"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"english": "masculine inanimate and all other genders",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "same"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "eles mesmos"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "elas mesmas"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "oní sámi",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "они́ са́ми"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "oni sami"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "ony same"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ellos mismos"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ellas mismas"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "voný samý",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "вони́ сами́"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "voný samí",
"sense": "emphatic: they",
"word": "вони́ самі́"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "mateixos"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "他們自己"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tāmen zìjǐ",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "他们自己"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itsensä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itseään"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itselleen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "itse"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"word": "ite"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "önmaguk"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "önmagukat"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "karera-jishin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "彼ら自身"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ipsos"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ipsas"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ipsa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sebjá",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "себя́"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "the persons of unspecified gender previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition",
"word": "okis"
}
],
"word": "themselves"
}
Download raw JSONL data for themselves meaning in All languages combined (18.2kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Northern Sami: 'iežaska du', originally 'iežaska du'",
"path": [
"themselves"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "themselves",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.