"sich" meaning in German

See sich in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Pronoun

IPA: /zɪç/ Audio: De-sich.ogg , De-sich2.ogg
Rhymes: -ɪç Etymology: From Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-Germanic *sek. Compare Yiddish זיך (zikh), Dutch zich. This pronoun was originally restricted to the accusative case, while simple personal pronouns were used in the dative. Dative use of sich in Middle High German was restricted to northern dialects of Central German. In Early Modern German, a rare dative sir also occurred, formed by analogy with mir, dir. An obstacle to the generalisation of this form was the use of sich in the plural, where there operated the conflicting analogy with the merged accusative/dative forms uns, euch. Etymology templates: {{dercat|de|gmw-pro|gem-pro}}, {{inh|de|gmh|sich}} Middle High German sich, {{inh|de|goh|sih}} Old High German sih, {{inh|de|gem-pro|*sek}} Proto-Germanic *sek, {{cog|yi|זיך}} Yiddish זיך (zikh), {{cog|nl|zich}} Dutch zich, {{m+|gmh|-}} Middle High German Head templates: {{head|de|pronoun|both accusative and dative}} sich (both accusative and dative)
  1. (reflexive) Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular: herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object) Tags: accusative, dative, form-of, pronoun, reflexive Form of: the third person singular (extra: herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object))
    Sense id: en-sich-de-pron-34KXLsSu Categories (other): German reflexive pronouns, German entries with incorrect language header, German pronouns, German reflexive pronouns Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of German pronouns: 50 50 Disambiguation of German reflexive pronouns: 50 50
  2. (reflexive) Reflexive pronoun of the third person plural: themselves (direct or indirect object) Tags: accusative, dative, form-of, pronoun, reflexive Form of: the third person plural (extra: themselves (direct or indirect object))
    Sense id: en-sich-de-pron-w4CHatIh Categories (other): German reflexive pronouns, German entries with incorrect language header, German pronouns, German reflexive pronouns Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 54 46 Disambiguation of German pronouns: 50 50 Disambiguation of German reflexive pronouns: 50 50
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: mich, mir, dich, dir, uns, euch, seiner, ihrer 
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "sich"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German sich",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
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        "3": "sih"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German sih",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
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        "3": "*sek"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek",
      "name": "inh"
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    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "זיך"
      },
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "zich"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch zich",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-Germanic *sek. Compare Yiddish זיך (zikh), Dutch zich.\nThis pronoun was originally restricted to the accusative case, while simple personal pronouns were used in the dative. Dative use of sich in Middle High German was restricted to northern dialects of Central German. In Early Modern German, a rare dative sir also occurred, formed by analogy with mir, dir. An obstacle to the generalisation of this form was the use of sich in the plural, where there operated the conflicting analogy with the merged accusative/dative forms uns, euch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "pronoun",
        "3": "both accusative and dative"
      },
      "expansion": "sich (both accusative and dative)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mich"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mir"
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dich"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dir"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "uns"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "euch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "seiner"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ihrer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
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          "name": "German reflexive pronouns",
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          "_dis": "50 50",
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          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German reflexive pronouns",
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            "Pronouns",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object)",
          "word": "the third person singular"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular: herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
      "id": "en-sich-de-pron-34KXLsSu",
      "links": [
        [
          "herself",
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        ],
        [
          "himself",
          "himself"
        ],
        [
          "itself",
          "itself"
        ],
        [
          "oneself",
          "oneself"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular: herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dative",
        "form-of",
        "pronoun",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "54 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
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            "Entry maintenance"
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          "_dis": "50 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German reflexive pronouns",
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            "Pronouns",
            "Lemmas"
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          "word": "the third person plural"
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        "Reflexive pronoun of the third person plural: themselves (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
      "id": "en-sich-de-pron-w4CHatIh",
      "links": [
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          "themselves",
          "themselves"
        ]
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) Reflexive pronoun of the third person plural: themselves (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dative",
        "form-of",
        "pronoun",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
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  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/zɪç/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-sich.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/De-sich.ogg/De-sich.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/De-sich.ogg"
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    {
      "audio": "De-sich2.ogg",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪç"
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  ],
  "word": "sich"
}

{
  "categories": [
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    "German lemmas",
    "German pronouns",
    "German reflexive pronouns",
    "German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "German terms derived from Old High German",
    "German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/ɪç",
    "Rhymes:German/ɪç/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
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    {
      "args": {
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      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German sich",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
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        "3": "sih"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German sih",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
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        "2": "gem-pro",
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sek",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "yi",
        "2": "זיך"
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      "expansion": "Yiddish זיך (zikh)",
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "zich"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch zich",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German sich, from Old High German sih, from Proto-Germanic *sek. Compare Yiddish זיך (zikh), Dutch zich.\nThis pronoun was originally restricted to the accusative case, while simple personal pronouns were used in the dative. Dative use of sich in Middle High German was restricted to northern dialects of Central German. In Early Modern German, a rare dative sir also occurred, formed by analogy with mir, dir. An obstacle to the generalisation of this form was the use of sich in the plural, where there operated the conflicting analogy with the merged accusative/dative forms uns, euch.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "3": "both accusative and dative"
      },
      "expansion": "sich (both accusative and dative)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "pron",
  "related": [
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      "word": "mich"
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    {
      "word": "mir"
    },
    {
      "word": "dich"
    },
    {
      "word": "dir"
    },
    {
      "word": "uns"
    },
    {
      "word": "euch"
    },
    {
      "word": "seiner"
    },
    {
      "word": "ihrer"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German reflexive pronouns"
      ],
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        {
          "extra": "herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object)",
          "word": "the third person singular"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular: herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "herself",
          "herself"
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        [
          "himself",
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          "itself"
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        [
          "oneself",
          "oneself"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) Reflexive pronoun of the third person singular: herself, himself, itself, oneself (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dative",
        "form-of",
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      "categories": [
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        {
          "extra": "themselves (direct or indirect object)",
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      ],
      "links": [
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) Reflexive pronoun of the third person plural: themselves (direct or indirect object)"
      ],
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        "pronoun",
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    },
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      "audio": "De-sich.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ea/De-sich.ogg/De-sich.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/De-sich.ogg"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-sich2.ogg",
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/De-sich2.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɪç"
    }
  ],
  "word": "sich"
}

Download raw JSONL data for sich meaning in German (3.7kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.